Assignment: Writing a Communication Paper
As you are aware, communication is required to effectively receive and provide information. Therapeutic communication, both verbal and nonverbal, are techniques you will use in any health care entity to assess your patients, educate patients and families, and communicate among the interdisciplinary team.
This assignment is a 1-2-page paper designed to allow you to research all areas of communication that you will use, be exposed to, or need to be aware of as a health care provider. Choose an article from your research that is relevant to any type of communication used in health care. Please see the examples below.
In research, the literature review describes existing knowledge about the topic, reveals gaps and further research questions to be answered, and provides a rationale for engaging in a new study. The literature review provides evidence to answer clinical questions and make informed decisions in evidence-based practice. Quality improvement studies also begin with searching the literature to gather available knowledge about a problem and explore interventions used in other settings. The appearance of journals that predatory publishers publish has introduced the danger that reviews of the literature include inadequate, poorly designed, and low-quality information being used as “evidence”—raising the possibility of risky and harmful practice. A helpful literature review requires searching various reliable and credible databases such as MEDLINE (through PubMed or Ovid) and the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), among others relevant to the topic. The ease of searching using a web browser (now commonly referred to as “googling”) has increased the risk of finding sources published in predatory. Low-quality journals that have not met the standards of research and scholarship can be regarded as credible and reliable evidence ( Oermann, Wrigley, Nicoll, Ledbetter, Carter-Templeton, & Edie, 2021).
This assignment is expected to adhere to the rubric provided, to demonstrate professionalism and critical thinking, and to use correct grammar, spelling, and format citation.
Have fun and be creative when selecting your article/communication technique to broaden your current knowledge base. ORDER AN ORIGINAL PAPER NOW FOR ASSISTANCE WRITING A COMMUNICATION PAPER
Therapeutic Communication Examples
Patients with debilitating medical conditions
Patients who are mentally ill
With patients who have hearing loss
Regarding the pediatric population
With the elderly population
Working with the multidisciplinary team
Do’s and don’ts in writing, digitally, and verbally Therapeutic listening
Communication devices
Help with Grief Communication RNSG 1261 Communication Assignment: Writing a Communication Paper Communication Rubric Assignment
Points
The chosen article is relevant to the course objectives.
20 Student description of the communication article’s topic
20 The article is summarized by the student in his or her own words- (not copied & pasted)
25 personal observations on the article/topic
A professional publication provided 20 communication articles (within the last 5 years and from CINHAL or similar database). It must be attached or have a functional hyperlink.
Total Points: 15
100
doi:10.5681/jcs.2014.008 Journal of Caring Sciences, 3(1), 67-82, 2014. JCS http:// journals.tbzmed.ac.ir/ Factors Influencing Nurse-Patient Family Communication in Kerman’s Intensive Care Unit: A Qualitative Study Abbas Abbaszadeh3, Laleh Loghmani1, Fariba Borhani2* 1 Nursing Department, Nursing and Midwifery Faculty, Kerman Paradise University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Medical Ethics and Law Research Center 3 Nursing Department, Nursing and Midwifery Faculty, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2 ARTICLE DETAILS Article History: Article Type: Original Article Accepted: 25 May 2013 ePublished: 27 February 2014 Received: 4 April 2013 Accepted: 25 May 2013 Nurses Communication Family Intensive Care Units Qualitative Analysis
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Communication between nurses and patients’ families has an impact on patient well-being as well as the quality and outcome of nursing care. The purpose of this study was to identify the facilitators and barriers that influence the role of communication among Iranian nurses and family members in ICU. Methods: This is a qualitative study that includes content analysis. Eight registered nurses and ten patients’ families took part in the study. Patients were admitted to the intensive care units of two major university hospitals in Kerman, Iran. For data collection, we used unstructured interviews. All interviews were transcribed verbatim, while the audio tapes were constantly compared. Help with Writing a Communication Paper According to data analysis, the facilitators of communication between nurses and families were spiritual care, emotional support, participation, notification, and consultation, and the barriers were misunderstandings about treatment, job, and patient difficulties. Conclusion: The findings led to the identification of important communication barriers and facilitators between the ICU team and the patients’ families. We can achieve effective communication by identifying communication barriers and facilitators, establishing new rules, and using creative methods in education and establishing communication of the ICU team, particularly using a patient-centered approach.
Introduction
Exceptional family The art and science of nursing are built on communication. It has a significant impact on patient well-being as well as the quality and outcome of nursing care2, and it is related to patients’ and their families’ overall satisfaction with their care. 3 Maintaining high nurse-patient family communication is also dependent on the nurse and the patient’s family. Assistance Composing a Communication Paper Several factors have been shown to influence the quality of care in an ICU, including insufficient nursing staff, excessive nursing documentation, excessive waiting time, and a lack of specialized nurses. 4 Evidence from four sources indicates difficulties in nurse-patient family communication. These are personal observations, client and family narratives, media reports, and official health reports. The behavior of nurses in ICU communication with their patients’ families has sparked public outrage. 5 Despite public, Iran ministry of health, Iran health service, and Kerman nurses and midwives council concerns, the issue of nursepatients family communication remains a problem in Kerman. 6 It is important to understand that doctors make ward rounds once a day and are only available to see seriously ill patients on an as-needed basis, so some of these poor nurse-patient family communication may occur during their absence.
7 It’s unclear whether those * Fariba Borhani (PhD), e-mail: fborhani@msn.com, is the corresponding author. This research was taken from a PhD thesis at Kerman University of Medical Sciences ( No: 1032) Tabriz University of Medical Sciences owns the copyright. Loghmani et al. training activities and programs are producing the desired results, particularly in the area of nursepatient family interactions. Identifying factors that are thought to facilitate positive interactions between nurses and their patients’ families, as well as barriers to these positive interactions, will go a long way toward promoting the well-being of those seeking health care. 8 This study’s increased understanding of nurse-patient family experiences should assist nurses and other health care workers in establishing positive and appropriate therapeutic relationships with patients’ families. The study’s findings can also be used to inform health and nursing decision makers about what needs to be done to improve communication patterns between health providers and patients’ families.
Future research directions in nurse-patient family communication were also identified. It would also benefit other educational institutions, particularly those involved in health education, research, and training programs. Because the relationship between a nurse and a patient’s family is a necessary and effective prerequisite for successful care outcomes, this issue was not yet evaluated, and the elements of the relationship in their interactive, psychic, intellectual, and dynamic components were ignored. 9 Considering the lack of a standard pattern for patients’ family -nurse relationships and their various communicating methods, research on patients’ family -nurse interactions can increase nurses’ knowledge of how to communicate with patients, especially during interactions with them, and how to understand patients through communication between patient family and nurse10 in the Iranian context. According to Mohammadzadeh et al., it is necessary to extract patients’ experiences through the patient-nurse relationship and to determine the most valuable issue based on patients’ perspectives during interactions with nurses.
11 Such knowledge leads to an increase in 68 | Journal of Caring Sciences, March 2014; 3 (1), 67-82 communication knowledge, which assists nurses in changing the communication skills focused on the individual. 12 Given the importance of professional relationships (communication) in the care major and their critical role, a thorough examination of this issue in the field of care in our context is essential and required. Since most developed countries use defined standards in the patient-family-nurse relationship process, there are no clear standards in our context that are appropriate to the conditions of caring relationships. 13 As a result, studies conducted in our country on the patient-family-nurse relationship indicate a problem in this field. Abedi et al., for example, concluded in their studies that the process of patient-nurse relation is beginning to decline and that it is possible to promote (help to promote) it by presenting educational plans and programs for nurses. 6 Aein et al. emphasize the interdependence of the nurse and the patient’s family. 5 Mohammad Zadeh et alviewpoint .’s is based on the presence of a supportive environment and sufficient sources to promote the patient-nurse relationship. 11 Based on our country’s care-background, the barriers and facilitators of patient-family-nurse relationships were not adequately addressed.
Help with Writing a Communication Paper
In this regard, because it is impossible to summarize human events in the form of mathematical equations, it is necessary to use the most appropriate guidelines in order to obtain the depth realities of humans, and qualitative studies play an important or effective role in clarifying the ambiguous pints. 14 As a result, given that there have been few studies on the patient-family-nurse relationship and that each society has different relationship styles based on their social and cultural backgrounds, In general, a lack of a relationship between families and treatment teams leads to stress, rage, lack of confidence, violence, and dissatisfaction among patient families, a Copyright 2014 by Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Factors influencing nurse-patients’ family communication in ICU contrast and conflict between members of a family and treatment team, implementing treatment plants (for a long time) with less success and poor decision making, and as a result, the patient is the person who suffers the most damages and losses.
Morrison described nurses’ perceptions of the concept of caring as central to nursing practice in a qualitative study. It entails meeting the needs of patients during nurse-client interactions. The analysis yielded seven categories that provided a detailed description of caring. Interpersonal approach, clinical work style, concern for others, time management, attitudes, personal qualities, and level of motivation were among them. 10 Other descriptions provided by nurses concerned the physical aspects of care. Positive interpersonal relationships between the nurse and family were regarded as caring, and caring for family was at its peak when nurses were motivated by managers through rewards. Caring was also dependent on the nurses’ skill and competence. Competent and skilled nurses provided high-quality nursing care to clients on time. Positive facial expressions and closeness to clients also demonstrated these nurses’ caring practices. 15 The compassionate nurses were truly present with the clients and their families. They were observed to be thoughtful, considerate, empathic, and decisive, and to practice holistically. They did not see the clients as being separated from their families, and thus saw the families as being a part of the community.
Family members place a high value on patient dignity, according to nursing researchers. They also concur that a lack of dignity may result in poorer health outcomes. 15 In another study, nurses were asked to describe situations in which client dignity was preserved and situations in which it was violated. The interviews were informal and exploratory in nature. All four nurses interviewed agreed that nurses must respect clients and give them privacy. Clients should not be viewed as an object or body in and of themselves, according to Tabriz University of Medical Sciences. Patients’ families needed to be seen as having an inherent right to be treated with dignity and respect in all situations and at all times, regardless of whether the client was conscious or unconscious, alive or dead. Respect, according to these nurses, would imply treating a person with regard for their personhood, that is, their nature, feelings, individuality, and wishes. The body and its treatment were prominent themes in nurses’ accounts. Quality care was also recognized when nurses showed an interest in their clients as individuals. Nursing practices that gave this impression to clients included nurses listening to and conversing with them. Knowing the client was not viewed as a single process; patients valued nurses who shared personal information about them and their families. Help with Writing a Communication Paper
Nurses who got to know their patients as individuals were seen to encourage more social contact between patients and their families.
16 McAdam17 stated that clients and relatives felt more at ease with nurses who were available, accessible, and approachable, as evidenced by nurses who made time for clients and relatives. Given the importance of professional relationships in nursing and their role, this issue should be addressed more thoroughly. In most developed countries, defined standards are applied in the nurse-patient family relationship. However, obvious standards consistent with Iranian conditions are not defined, despite studies conducted in Iran on the relationship between nurses and patients’ families, which revealed a problem in this regard. Abedi et al., for example, discovered that the nurse-patient relationship is unfavorable and that it can be improved by presenting educational plans for the patients. 6 Aein et al. discussed the poor interpersonal relationship between the nurse and the patient’s family.
5 Another study found that the presence of a supportive environment and adequate resources improves the relationship between the nurse and the patient’s family. Journal of Caring Sciences, March 2014; 3 (1), 67-82| 69 Loghmani and colleagues emphasized. 9 Based on the position of the nurse and patient family relationship in the quality of nursing care, the researcher’s main question is what are the facilitators and barriers of the nurse and patient family relationship based on the background of nursing in Iran? Because human relations cannot be summarized in a research, it is necessary to use appropriate study solutions to achieve the deep reality of human beings, and quality research can play an important role in clarifying ambiguous fields. Help with Writing a Communication Paper
The researchers demonstrated that we do not understand the nurse-patient family relationship well, and previous studies did not provide the necessary knowledge in this regard.
5-7 Because there has been no comprehensive study of the patient family’s and nurse’s relationship process, and because it is an interpersonal and cultural relationship, any society based on cultural-social grounds can have different communicative styles. To gather more information, the researcher attempted to conduct a qualitative study. The current study aims to identify the facilitators and barriers of the nurse-patient family relationship in Kerman teaching hospitals (Iran). Materials and procedures Help with Writing a Communication Paper The research was carried out in Kerman Hospital’s intensive care units. The hospitals have six intensive care units (ICUs) with a total bed capacity of 60 and 45 nurses. This study included eight nurses and ten patient families. The initial interviews were conducted using purposeful sampling, and data was collected using theoretical sampling based on the emerging codes and categories. Each participant was given a brief explanation of the study’s purpose. It was explained that the interviews would be recorded and that they could withdraw from the study at any time. A consent form was then provided. Help with Writing a Communication Paper
The potential participant was considered for the study if he or she read the information 70 | Journal of Caring Sciences, March 2014; 3 (1), 67-82 letter and signed the consent form. After agreeing to participate in the study and signing the informed consent form, nurses and family members were scheduled for an interview. Interviews were conducted when participants felt their workload was lighter or they had enough time to be interviewed. Individual non-structured interviews were conducted in a hospital private room. The interview guide included core open-ended questions that allowed respondents to explain their own perspectives and experiences as thoroughly as possible. The interview questions were as follows: 1) What factors facilitate nurse-family communication? 2) What factors are impeding nursefamily communication? Participants were then asked to describe their own experiences and perceptions of “communication,” as well as “facilitators and barriers” to engaging in communication.
Depending on the participants’ tolerance and willingness to explain their own experiences, the interviews continued with topic questions and probes to gain a better understanding of the phenomenon under investigation. All interviews were carried out by the same interviewer. Interviews were recorded by a digital sound recorder, transcribed verbatim and analyzed consecutively. Interview transcripts were reviewed several times until meaningful themes emerged. Help with Writing a Communication Paper The duration of interview sessions ranged from 20 to 90 minutes on average, with interviews continuing until data saturation was achieved. Data were gathered through participant interviews. Data collection and analysis were carried out concurrently. The researcher manually transcribed the tapes after each interview. Help Writing a Communication Paper The transcripts’ accuracy was tested by listening to the audiotape and reading the transcripts at the same time.
The content analysis guided the analysis of the interview transcripts. Copyright 2014 Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Factors influencing nurse-patient family communication in the ICU that have been identified as appropriate for interview analysis 18 Themes were identified as expressions of the text’s latent content. Help with Writing a Communication Paper The data was hand-coded with different colors. The condensed meaning units were abstracted and coded. The codes were then classified into categories and subcategories based on similarities and differences. These files were also printed, and categories were created from them. Finally, higher-level categorization was built on the foundation of the initial categories. In other words, categories that fit into common files were also combined to form final and major categories.
The following methods were used to apply data acceptability criteria: prolonged engagement, allocating enough time, appropriate relation to understanding real data, peer and member check, and negative case analysis and objectivity (one of the data characteristics of research). Results Nurses who had worked at the hospital for at least four years and expressed a willingness to talk about their experiences were eligible to participate in this study. Those who worked in the hospital for four years had plenty of opportunities to observe and participate in nurse-family communication. Furthermore, all participants worked as full-time registered nurses in two hospitals in Kerman, Iran. Nurses ranged in age from 24 to 45 years. There were seven female nurses and one male nurse. They had all spent between 4 and 20 years in the ICU. All family members were patients’ parents, children, and spouses, ranging in age from 20 to 55 years. Table 1 includes factors that facilitate and hinder nurse, patient, and family communication, as well as explanations. A. Facilitators of Nurse-Patient Family Communication A. 1. Religious considerations Tabriz University of Medical Sciences owns the copyright. Spiritual considerations are one of the topics covered in communication between families and the ICU team.
Because the patients in this department are in critical condition, premonition of diseases is not satisfactory, and everyone considers spiritual issues more than any other time and asks God to make the patient better, and they consider their religious actions such as worship, praying, or fasting, and by praying to Allah, they get help for their patient. It has been observed that the nurses requested that the families pray for their patients and ask for assistance. A. 1. Providing hope If there is no hope of recovery, the patients’ families attempt to gain hope from the ICU team. They, too, believe they are lying. “Giving unreal hope is bad, but making families hopeless is bad,” one of the nurses said. The realities should be stated so that families do not suffer from trauma, and it can be stated that you should trust in God and include God in all of your sentences… But when what God asks is said, the families find comfort, he is not given hope, and they are not hopeless. A.1.2.Taking God into Account The nurses guide the families to God and say prayers when they believe there is no hope for them to be relieved and they can tolerate the sad moments. They can be said to establish a spiritual relationship with the family. “This department is very important, and the patient is close to death, and it is the last location, we should trust in God and pray,” one of them said. “We give as much information as possible, for example, we say, the patient is better now, your patient,” one of the nurses explained. Assistance How to Write a Communication Paper
Your paper must be proofread. However, do not rely solely on your computer’s spell-checker and grammar-checker; failure to do so indicates a lack of effort on your part, and your grade will suffer as a result. Papers with a high number of misspelled words and grammatical errors will be penalized. Before submitting your paper, go over it in silence and then aloud, and make any necessary changes. It is often beneficial to have a friend proofread your paper for obvious errors. Uncorrected mistakes are preferable to handwritten corrections.
Use a standard 10 to 12 point typeface (10 to 12 characters per inch). Smaller or compressed type, as well as papers with narrow margins or single spacing, are difficult to read. It is preferable to allow your essay to exceed the recommended number of pages rather than attempting to compress it into fewer pages.
Large type, large margins, large indentations, triple-spacing, increased leading (space between lines), increased kerning (space between letters), and other such attempts at “padding” to increase the length of a paper are also unacceptable, waste trees, and will not fool your professor.
The paper must be neatly formatted, double-spaced, and have a one-inch margin on all four sides of each page. When submitting hard copies, use white paper and print with dark ink. It will be difficult to follow your argument if it is difficult to read your essay.