NRS 429V Week 4 Discussion 2 NEW SYLLABUS
DQ Which theoretical perspective, that guides the nursing process with assessment of the family, do you find to be the most helpful and effective?
There are three different levels of health promotion, primary, secondary and tertiary. “Primary prevention refers to actions aimed at avoiding the manifestation of a disease” (About, 2018). This would include such things as vaccinations, healthy eating habit or educating on the importance of not smoking. “Secondary prevention aims to reduce the impact of a disease or injury that has already occurred” (Primary, secondary and tertiary prevention | Institute for Work & Health, 2000). In order to do this, it is imperative to detect the problem early on in order to halt the disease process. Secondary prevention would include regular mammograms and pap smears or taking low dose aspirin to prevent a second heart attack or stroke. “Tertiary prevention aims to soften the impact of an ongoing illness or injury that has lasting effects” (Primary, secondary and tertiary prevention | Institute for Work & Health, 2000). This is when the damage is already done and care is aimed at lessening the long term effects of the problem. This would include things like physical or occupational therapy following a stroke or heart attack. The levels of prevention can help determine the educational needs for each patient. For instance you would want to educate young people on the dangers of smoking to include primary prevention in your education. Education of secondary prevention would include teaching women how to give themselves breast exams for early detection of breast cancer. Tertiary prevention education would be aimed at individuals following a stroke on how to rehabilitate themselves.
Re: Topic 4 DQ 2
Nutrition is a central component in health promotion because it can either reduce or potentiate any of their current diseases. It can be used a tool to help reduce complication of a morbidity such as diabetes or heart disease (Whitney, 2018). It is important for nurses to properly educate about how noncompliance with their diet could lead to additional comorbidities such as obesity or diabetes (Whitney, 2018). Imbalanced nutrition is a common struggle for much of the American population. Having a nutritional deficit can be caused by a disease process or simply be related to inadequate consumption to promote health. For example, a patient with liver disease related to chronic alcohol dependence could be in a deficit because their body is not able to absorb nutrition properly (Bartlett, 2019). This requires them to need supplementations of vitamins and minerals to help with absorption. Nutritional excess is strongly correlated with causing obesity, diabetes, heart disease, cancer, stroke, and hypertension (Whitney, 2018). In short deficits or excess can both cause comorbidities and a balance diet if recommended to promote health.
Here in the united states we have countless emerging population groups such as Arab Americans, Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders, Black/African Americans, Latino/Hispanic Americans, Native Americans/Alaskan Natives, Homeless, Lesbian/Gay/Bisexual/Transgender/Questioning (LGBTQ), and Refugees. Regarding Homeless, African Americans, Native
Americans, and refugees’ theses populations have high rates of poverty and limited access to resources which puts them at risk for nutritional challenges. One of the biggest challenges that they face is access to nutritious food. Cheap food is commonly highly processed and does not fulfill their daily nutritional needs. Additional sociocultural factors for these populations could include language barriers, knowledge of nutrition, limited ability to obtain or purchase food, and lack of or inadequate cooking and/ or food preparation arrangements (Bartlett et al., 2019). I also found an additional article that addressed how public aid is not always the answer, “Families who are homeless can be eligible for a wide range of income supports such as Temporary Aid to Needy Families (TANF), Section 8 or public housing, the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC), Medicaid, and others. Unfortunately, many of these programs have been chronically underfunded” (Tobin & Murphy, pg. 6, 2013). This should be additionally taken into consideration when the nurse does any follow up for these at-risk population patients.
DQ Which theoretical perspective, that guides the nursing process with assessment of the family, do you find to be the most helpful and effective?
References:
Bartlett, J., Taylor, C., & Lynn, P., (2019). Fundamentals of Nursing: The Art and Science of Person-Centered Care, Ninth Edition. Wolters Kluwer Health. https://bookshelf.vitalsource.com/#/books/9781975101336/cfi/6/4!/4/2/4@0:0.00
Tobin, K., & Murphy, J. (2013). Addressing the Challenges of Child and Family Homelessness. Journal of Applied Research on Children, 4(1).
Whitney, S. (2018). Grand Canyon University (Ed). Health promotion: Health & wellness across the continuum. Retrieved from https://lc.gcumedia.com/nrs429vn/health-promotion-health-and-wellness-across-the-continuum/v1.1/
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RESPOND
Hello
I do agree with your statement,” Nutrition is a central component in health promotion because it can either reduce or potentiate any of their current diseases”. Nutrition and diet has been a major health promotion measure in prevention of various conditions such as obesity, hypertension, diabetes, atherosclerosis among many other health condition. For instance, diet is a key factor in the in management and prevention of type 2 diabetes (Forouhi et al., 2018). One of the disease that is a burden to the healthcare systems at the moment is diabetes, therefore efforts have been made in research to reduce the burden by promoting a dietary approach to reduce the prevalence of the disease. Balanced diet, with adequate amounts of nutrients is the key to nutritional interventions in health promotion measures. Therefore, it is imperative for healthcare works, especially the nurses to educate members of the public on the need to maintain a healthy diet as a means of staying fit and healthy (Whitney, 2018). I do agree with you that even though nutrition is a major health promotion factor there are still people who cannot afford proper nutrition and a balanced diet. For example, poor families may not have access to quality nutritious foods hence having no alternative but to consume cheaper highly processed foods that have adverse health effects.
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