CJUS 330 Test 1 Liberty University
Updated 2019
Which Amendment to the U.S. Constitution prohibits unreasonable searches and seizures?
Coercive police practices are a violation of this essential element of due process.
Much of the Bill of Rights has been made applicable to the states through the:
Mens rea refers to the:
The organization of prosecutors in the United States is consistent across the state and federal criminal justice system.
The term “dual court system” refers to separate state and federal courts.
In the crime control model, one goal is to process defendants quickly.
The mental state required for a crime to have been committed is referred to as the actus reus.
The United States has a dual court system consisting of:
The administrative policymaking organization of the federal judicial system, composed of 26 federal judges, is the:
percent of the research budget of the National Institute of Justice is spent on developing new technology for law enforcement and the criminal justice system.
The Prison Litigation Reform Act resulted in all of the following, EXCEPT:
Federal district court judges must be residents of the district in which they preside.
Prior to the Civil War, the U.S. Supreme Court was required to hear every case that was appealed to it.
Appellate courts are considered finders of fact.
A basic rule of American politics is that citizens’ demands for service exceed the willingness of voters to raise taxes to pay for those services.
Which of the following represents a clear disadvantage of localized control of justice?
Intermediate courts of appeals do which of the following?
Which of the following statements is true about drug courts?
Intermediate courts of appeals must hear all properly filed appeals.
Caseloads of lower courts is more than __________ a year.
Most criminal cases do not go to trial.
Recent studies show that drug courts have a positive impact.
A century ago, state courts systems included only a single appellate body—the state court of last resort.
Beginning around 1890, members of the Progressive movement advocated a variety of political, economic, and social reforms. They were genuinely concerned about the economic disparities, social disorders, and excesses of industrialization, particularly as they affected children. Progressives denounced the evils of child labor and pushed for legislation banning the practice. They were likewise appalled by the violent and exploitive conditions of reform schools. The fact that orphans were thrown into reform schools for the uncontrollable circumstance of having no parents shocked the Progressives’ moral values. Taking up the plight of the children of the urban immigrant poor, they argued that these children were not bad but were corrupted by the environment in which they grew up. Which doctrine allowed the Progressives to use the juvenile court to help children?
Juveniles were denied the right to a jury trial by the Supreme Court in 1971 in which case?
What was the charge against Gerald Gault?
The state that has the youngest age of juvenile court jurisdiction over delinquency matters is __________, at age 6.
About ten states have enacted laws that grant exclusive jurisdiction over certain crimes to adult court regardless of the age of the offender.
In status offenses, the child is charged with violation of a criminal law that is not based on age.
Generally speaking, juvenile courts do not utilize jury trials.
Juveniles accused of serious offenses, or who have a history of repeated offenses, may be tried as adults.
The problems in prosecuting and convicting Barker indicate __________ is often needed in interpreting the law.
A discretionary decision based on decision makers’ values and attitudes reflects:
Each of the following are actors in “corrections” EXCEPT:
Women make up approximately what percentage of judges in the United States?
Plea bargaining predates any of the modern problems of the courthouse.
The clerk of court is also referred to as a prothonotary, register of probate, and clerk.
Bail bondsmen have their offices outside of courtrooms.
The same differences of opinion about crime that characterize society as a whole likewise divide courthouse actors.
Contrast the due process and crime control model
Contrast civil and criminal law proceedings.
Other sets
The party who initiates a civil suit is known as the:
A legal error by a lower court that does not require reversal is called a(n)
Lower courts handle what stages of felony cases?
The most influential actor in the courthouse is the:
The first step in the appeal process is filing a(n)
A key component of court unification includes which of the following?
The responsibilities of the U.S. Sentencing Commission include which of the following?
Lower courts are confronted with which of the following problems?
The operation of two separate and distinct court systems in the United States is referred to as:
These judges perform virtually all tasks carried out by district court judges, except trying and sentencing felony defendants.
The importance of the Supreme Court is measured in terms of:
The Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court of Review’s only function is to:
How do postconviction remedies differ from appeals?
In contrast to federal judges, most state judges are:
Joe Smith suffers from paranoid schizophrenia. He has been under a doctor’s care for ten years, but often stops taking his medication because he thinks he’s cured. While off his medication, Joe steals a car to “escape from a CIA hit man,” accidentally running over and seriously injuring a pedestrian in the process. Joe is arrested and charged with several felonies. His public defender believes he is not guilty by reason of insanity. Which of the following is true regarding the use of the insanity defense in this case?
The error‐correction function of appellate review protects against arbitrary, capricious, or mistaken legal decisions by a
In U.S. v. Georgia (2006), the U.S. Supreme Court held that states and municipalities can be held civilly liable for failing to:
The obligation of a party to produce evidence to put facts in issue is called the burden of:
Which Article of the U.S. Constitution provides the basis for the federal judiciary?
Which Congressional action gave the U.S. Supreme Court control over its’ docket?
During the Constitutional Convention, Anti‐Federalists maintained the belief that a strong national government would:
Which of the following was not one of the compromises reached between the Federalists and Anti‐Federalists in the Judiciary Act of 1789?
Which of the following is not true of federal district court judges?
The major trial courts decide felony cases and civil cases including
Protection from a second prosecution of the same person for the same crime by the same sovereign after the first trial is known as protection from
Which of the following gave the U.S. Supreme Court the authority to invalidate an act of Congress as unconstitutional?
Contrast the due process and crime control models of criminal
Describe some of the key differences between the “law on the books” and the “law in action”.
Which of the following is a recognized source for American criminal law?
While loudly celebrating your team’s victory in the Super Bowl in the City of Nowhere at 1:00 am, a local police officer appears at your door. What source of law will the officer seek to enforce for your disturbing the peace?
Which Amendment to the U.S. Constitution grants an accused the right to counsel?
Speeding on a roadway in the State of Nevada would be a violation of this type of law.
Prisoners are permitted to file several types of civil lawsuits in federal courts. These include all of the following, except:
In the aftermath of the attacks of September 11, 2001 courts have wrestled with the issue of:
The administrative policymaking organization of the federal judicial system, comprised of 26 federal judges, is the:
During a preliminary hearing, the prosecutor must prove to ____________ that a crime was committed and that there is probable cause to believe the defendant committed the crime.
Which of the following is the federal court of last resort in the United States?
When government prosecutors file an in rem asset forfeiture proceeding, and the property at issue is seized, what must the owner of the property do to get his property back?
In contrast to federal judges, most state judges are:
Which of the following does not take place at arraignment?
What is the last of the six customary phases in the appeals process?
A lower trial court would only handle the initial stages of which type of case?
A 2008 decision by this Court declared that the U.S. President was not allowed to imprison enemy combatants indefinitely without the right to habeas corpus review in federal court.
Which of the following is true of appellate courts?
Most intermediate courts decide most cases in rotating panels of how many judges?
A trial by a judge without a jury is called a:
The Prison Litigation Reform Act resulted in all of the following, except:
Mens rea refers to the:
Infancy and insanity are known as:
The primary justification for providing constitutional safeguards in the criminal justice process is to ensure that:
Between 1789 and 1891, the inadequacy of the federal judicial system was highlighted by all of the following, except:
Magistrate judges are
Appeals are confined to issues properly
The practice of state courts using state constitutions to reinvigorate rights and make policy is called the new judicial
If a circuit justice thinks that there is merit in a case such that the full Supreme court should have an opportunity to decide whether to hear the case, the justice will grant:
Which of the following does not meet the requirement of actus reus?
In states without intermediate appellate courts, state courts of last resort
This principle distributes government power between national and state governments, creating decentralization that compounds the fragmentation of the criminal justice system.
Contrast the roles of trial and appellate courts.
Describe some of the key differences between the “law on the books” and the “law in action”.
Which of the following is a recognized source for American criminal law?
While loudly celebrating your team’s victory in the Super Bowl in the City of Nowhere at 1:00 am, a local police officer appears at your door. What source of law will the officer seek to enforce for your disturbing the peace?
Which Amendment to the U.S. Constitution grants an accused the right to counsel?
Speeding on a roadway in the State of Nevada would be a violation of this type of law.
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