ENMT301 Enviroment And Ecosystems Prinicples
Final Exam
Question 1What is/are vital function(s) of soil? (Check all that apply.)
Question options:
Regulate water flow through hydrologic cycle
Transport nutrients into streams and lakes
Facilitate breakdown of pollutants
Provide support for plants and structures
Indefinitely store nutrients
Question 2Which of the following characterizes a symbiotic relationship? (Check all that apply.)
Question options:
a close interrelationship where both species benefit
a close interrelationship where one species benefits, and the other is not affected
a close interrelationship where one species benefits, and the other is adversely affected
an intimate relationship between members of two or more species
a relationship where two species partition the available resources
Question 3All forms of renewable energy come from one of the following three sources: (Check the three sources that apply.)
Question options:
Sunlight
Heat of the earth’s crust
Earthquakes
Gravitational attraction of moon and sun
Water pressure
Question 4What are the factors determining food security? (Check all that apply.)
Question options:
food availability
food utilization
food access
food production
food demand
Question 5Excessive removal of groundwater can result in: (Check all that apply.)
Question options:
land subsidence
drying wetlands
groundwater desalinization
saltwater intrusion
dropping water tables
Question 6Which of the following are examples of environmental indicators? (Check all that apply.)
Question options:
Water quality
Extinction rate
Land use change
Gross domestic product
Household income
Question 7Which of the following is true for Type III survivorship? (Check all that apply.)
Question options:
The probability of survival decreases with age.
The probability of survival increases with age.
Death occurs primarily in older individuals in this category.
Organisms in this category typically have a large number of offspring but provide only little parental care.
Organisms in this category typically have a small number of offspring and provide a high amount of parental care.
Question 8Which of the following are potential causes for bias in a scientific research study? (Check all that apply.)
Question options:
Funding from special interest groups
Independent peer-review process
Political views of scientist
Pressure to publish data for promotion
Collaboration of several scientists with different backgrounds and affiliations
Question 9Which of the following features is typical of K-selected species?
Question options:
late reproduction.
small body size.
early maturity.
short life span.
large broods.
Question 10What does carbon neutrality mean?
Question options:
That no carbon dioxide is produced in a process
That no carbon dioxide is absorbed in a process
No net carbon dioxide emission from a process
The carbon released from a process does not impact anything
The carbon absorbed from a process does not impact anything
Question 11Put the following historical views of the environment in the correct chronological sequence (from past to present).
___ Earth Day celebrant: demonstrates support of environmental quality by planting trees
___ Global environmental citizen: recognizes that the human race is part of a global ecosystem and that human quality of life and ecosystem quality are linked.
___ Preservationists: protecting resources based on the belief that all life deserves respect and consideration.
____ Conservationist: protecting resources to conserve them for their usefulness for people.
___ Frontier attitude: desire to conquer and exploit nature as quickly as possible.
Question 12
Education, labor skills, and health are considered:
Question options:
natural capital
economic capital
social capital
human capital
political capital
Question 13What are some methods to prevent non-point source pollution? (Check all that apply.)
Question options:
Sediment traps
Limit use of fertilizers and pesticides
Use the storm sewer to dispose of chemicals
Keep yard wastes of sidewalks and streets.
Install a septic system
Question 14Which of the following processes play an important role in the phosphorus cycle? (Check all that apply.)
Question options:
Erosion
Fixation
Combustion
Cellular respiration
Weathering
Question 15Which of the following is true of highly developed countries? (Check all that apply.)
Question options:
a list would include Canada, Australia, and Norway
have high fertility rates
have very low infant mortality rates
have shorter life expectancies than less developed countries
have low rates of population growth
have high rates of population growth
Question 16What are characteristics of sustainable production? (Check all that apply.)
Question options:
just-in-time manufacturing
large warehouses for product storage
resource efficiency
green product design
life-cycle design to include product disposal
Question 17The energy released in the burning of biomass fuels: (Check all that apply.)
Question options:
originated as solar energy.
was stored as chemical energy in plant tissues or animal waste products.
was initially converted from solar energy to chemical energy by the process of cellular respiration.
is converted into electricity more efficiently that other renewable energy sources.
is one of the oldest fuels known to humans.
Question 18What factors influence the risk management process? (Check all that apply.)
Question options:
Costs-benefit considerations
Existing laws and court rulings
Income level and social conditions
Technological options
Political and public opinion
Question 19Water pollution problems in the Chesapeake Bay are caused by: (Check all that apply.)
Question options:
fertilizer runoff
livestock operation runoff
urban runoff
sewage treatment plan discharge
dumping of industrial chemicals into the bay
Question 20The ocean conveyor belt affects: (Check all that apply.)
Question options:
The nitrogen cycle
Albedo
Storage of carbon dioxide and heat in the ocean
Regional and possibly global climate
Surface water currents
Question 21What is true about fossil fuels? (Check all that apply.)
Question options:
Fossil fuels have fueled economic development since the Industrial Revolution.
Over two thirds of the world’s energy is supplied by fossil fuels.
Non-renewability is not a concern with fossil fuels.
Fossil fuel resources are evenly distributed around the globe.
A major concern related to fossil fuels is carbon dioxide emissions.
Question 22The average time a molecule spends in its reservoir is known as:
Question options:
resilience time
reservoir time
residence time
storage time
cycling duration
Question 23Which of the following activities makes the human species significant agents of environmental change on earth? (Check all that apply.)
Question options:
generation of toxic waste
burning fossil fuels
depleting fresh-water resources
eradicating unique species
polluting water and air
Question 24Rank the following waste management options in order from the most preferred to the least preferred option:
___ Disposal in a Sanitary Landfill
___ Reuse
____ Waste Minimization
___ Recycling
___ Incineration with Energy Recovery
Question 25 Environmental sustainability implies: (Check all that apply.)
Question options:
the actions of humans directly impacting the wellbeing of the natural environment
future generations will have the resources necessary for quality of life
natural resource management focused on economic profits
a shared global responsibility for conservation practices
the environment can function indefinitely without going into a decline from the stresses imposed by *human society on natural systems