NUR 590 Evidence Based Practice Project Week 4 Assignment Evidence-Based Practice Proposal – Section D: Change Model
Grand Canyon University NUR 590 Evidence Based Practice Project Week 4 Assignment Evidence-Based Practice Proposal – Section D: Change Model-Step-By-Step Guide
This guide will demonstrate how to complete the Grand Canyon University NUR 590 Evidence Based Practice Project Week 4 Assignment Evidence-Based Practice Proposal – Section D: Change Model assignment based on general principles of academic writing. Here, we will show you the A, B, Cs of completing an academic paper, irrespective of the instructions. After guiding you through what to do, the guide will leave one or two sample essays at the end to highlight the various sections discussed below.
How to Research and Prepare for NUR 590 Evidence Based Practice Project Week 4 Assignment Evidence-Based Practice Proposal – Section D: Change Model
Whether one passes or fails an academic assignment such as the Grand Canyon University NUR 590 Evidence Based Practice Project Week 4 Assignment Evidence-Based Practice Proposal – Section D: Change Model depends on the preparation done beforehand. The first thing to do once you receive an assignment is to quickly skim through the requirements. Once that is done, start going through the instructions one by one to clearly understand what the instructor wants. The most important thing here is to understand the required format—whether it is APA, MLA, Chicago, etc.
After understanding the requirements of the paper, the next phase is to gather relevant materials. The first place to start the research process is the weekly resources. Go through the resources provided in the instructions to determine which ones fit the assignment. After reviewing the provided resources, use the university library to search for additional resources. After gathering sufficient and necessary resources, you are now ready to start drafting your paper.
How to Write the Introduction for NUR 590 Evidence Based Practice Project Week 4 Assignment Evidence-Based Practice Proposal – Section D: Change Model
The introduction for the Grand Canyon University NUR 590 Evidence Based Practice Project Week 4 Assignment Evidence-Based Practice Proposal – Section D: Change Model is where you tell the instructor what your paper will encompass. In three to four statements, highlight the important points that will form the basis of your paper. Here, you can include statistics to show the importance of the topic you will be discussing. At the end of the introduction, write a clear purpose statement outlining what exactly will be contained in the paper. This statement will start with “The purpose of this paper…” and then proceed to outline the various sections of the instructions.
How to Write the Body for NUR 590 Evidence Based Practice Project Week 4 Assignment Evidence-Based Practice Proposal – Section D: Change Model
After the introduction, move into the main part of the NUR 590 Evidence Based Practice Project Week 4 Assignment Evidence-Based Practice Proposal – Section D: Change Model assignment, which is the body. Given that the paper you will be writing is not experimental, the way you organize the headings and subheadings of your paper is critically important. In some cases, you might have to use more subheadings to properly organize the assignment. The organization will depend on the rubric provided. Carefully examine the rubric, as it will contain all the detailed requirements of the assignment. Sometimes, the rubric will have information that the normal instructions lack.
Another important factor to consider at this point is how to do citations. In-text citations are fundamental as they support the arguments and points you make in the paper. At this point, the resources gathered at the beginning will come in handy. Integrating the ideas of the authors with your own will ensure that you produce a comprehensive paper. Also, follow the given citation format. In most cases, APA 7 is the preferred format for nursing assignments.
How to Write the Conclusion for NUR 590 Evidence Based Practice Project Week 4 Assignment Evidence-Based Practice Proposal – Section D: Change Model
After completing the main sections, write the conclusion of your paper. The conclusion is a summary of the main points you made in your paper. However, you need to rewrite the points and not simply copy and paste them. By restating the points from each subheading, you will provide a nuanced overview of the assignment to the reader.
How to Format the References List for NUR 590 Evidence Based Practice Project Week 4 Assignment Evidence-Based Practice Proposal – Section D: Change Model
The very last part of your paper involves listing the sources used in your paper. These sources should be listed in alphabetical order and double-spaced. Additionally, use a hanging indent for each source that appears in this list. Lastly, only the sources cited within the body of the paper should appear here.
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Sample Answer for NUR 590 Evidence Based Practice Project Week 4 Assignment Evidence-Based Practice Proposal – Section D: Change Model
Patient care problems require practical and sustainable solutions. Such solutions are evidence-based, and their implementation should be supported by leaders, staff, and the target patient groups. Models of change provide change proponents with a systematic approach to change implementation. Most recommend a stepwise approach to change implementation involving problem identification, searching for solutions, and implementing the findings (Duff et al., 2020). They ensure that nurses and other change leaders work towards tangible results. The purpose of this assignment is to describe the selected model for change and its application in the proposed project.
The use of nursing theories is critical to patient care because of the different purposes that they serve. Nursing theories assist in informing every interaction between nurses and patients. Through defining the features of the nurse-patient interaction, these theories shape how nurses develop relationships with patients (Wei et al., 2019). The purpose of most nursing theories is to help nurses identify care needs among patients, articulate what they can do for patients and why they do it, and determine the kind of information to collect to develop care plans. Through theories, nurses can comprehend and evaluate health situations, explain and anticipate certain responses from patients and map out objectives and anticipated outcomes (Bahabadi et al., 2020). These theories also help nurses determine the interventions to deliver, best practices, and selection of productive areas for research. The implication is that nursing theories are fundamental to quality care provision as they help nurses to possess background propositions to offer the best care.
The Selected Model and Relevance
The Iowa model will guide the project implementation process. It promotes evidence-based practice (EBP) in health practice and ensures that organizational change addresses priority patient care concerns (Duff et al., 2020). Its central components include: improving patient outcomes based on scientific evidence, enhancing nursing practice, and helping to monitor healthcare costs. Hanrahan et al. (2019) asserted that utilizing the Iowa model improves nurses’ capacity to utilize EBP in healthcare delivery and work in teams to achieve better outcomes. The proposed project involves utilizing case management in chronic disease management for patients visiting the emergency department. The Iowa model is relevant to the project since it will ensure that the solutions are evidence-based and can achieve the targeted outcomes.
Stages of the Iowa Model
The Iowa Model for EBP integration into practice has eight steps. As Green (2020) explained, the first step involves identifying the trigger necessitating practice change. The second step is determining whether the problem is a priority based on its effects on patient care, health processes, practitioners’ health, and other elements. Next, the change leader identifies a team to help in evaluating and implementing the EBP change. Such a team allows interdisciplinary stakeholders to solve a problem together hence better results. The fourth step is gathering and analyzing appropriate research to guide practice change.
After gathering research (step 4), the next step is to critique and synthesize the research from the highest level of evidence possible. The primary purpose of this step is to evaluate whether the change is scientifically possible (Cullen et al., 2022). The sixth step involved deciding whether there is adequate research to implement a practice change. Next, a pilot program is conducted (step 7), and the results are evaluated (step 8). The changes are then introduced into practice based on the evaluation results. The revised model advises change proponents to disseminate results (Cullen et al., 2022). Dissemination helps health professionals to adopt similar interventions in other settings to improve patient care.
Applying Each Stage of the Iowa Model
Applying the Iowa model in the proposed implementation would first involve identifying the trigger. Currently, a problem-focused trigger has been identified- chronic illnesses for patients visiting the emergency department. The second step would involve determining its priority level. It is a priority requiring immediate intervention since chronic diseases increase the spending of hospital resources by increasing unplanned admissions and emergency department visits (Chiaranai et al., 2018). The interprofessional team for developing, evaluating, and implementing the change would involve the management, departmental leaders, the change proponent, and nurses. Evidence should be sourced from current and scholarly literature supporting the application of case management in chronic diseases management. The research would be further critiqued and synthesized to determine whether there is adequate research to implement case management. A pilot program would then follow to evaluate the effectiveness of case management before full adoption. The concept map (Appendix A) illustrates the application of the Iowa model in the project.
Conclusion
Change models guide nurses in implementing EBP in health practice. They emphasize implementing evidence-based change to improve patient care and other critical health outcomes. The Iowa model is appropriate for the proposed project. It will ensure that an interdisciplinary team works together to implement the proposed change.
References
Chiaranai, C., Chularee, S., & Srithongluang, S. (2018). Older people living with chronic illness. Geriatric Nursing, 39(5), 513-520. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gerinurse.2018.02.004
Cullen, L., Hanrahan, K., Edmonds, S. W., Reisinger, H. S., & Wagner, M. (2022). Iowa Implementation for Sustainability Framework. Implementation Science, 17(1), 1-20. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13012-021-01157-5
Duff, J., Cullen, L., Hanrahan, K., & Steelman, V. (2020). Determinants of an evidence-based practice environment: An interpretive description. Implementation Science Communications, 1(1), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1186/s43058-020-00070-0
Green, C. (2020). Application of the Iowa Model, an evidence-based practice model, when initiating clinical project pilots to evaluate how self-care techniques affect simulated nursing performance. SAGE Publications Ltd. https://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781529743616
Hanrahan, K., Fowler, C., & McCarthy, A. M. (2019). Iowa model revised: Research and evidence-based practice application. Journal of Pediatric Nursing, 48, 121-122. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pedn.2019.04.023
Sample Answer 2 for NUR 590 Evidence Based Practice Project Week 4 Assignment Evidence-Based Practice Proposal – Section D: Change Model
The success of healthcare organizations is largely dependent on the manner in which evidence-based projects are implemented. It is evident that successful implementation of evidence-based projects in healthcare is largely influenced by active stakeholder involvement in the process. There is also the evidence that a change model should be utilized to ensure the success of the process. The model prepares the adopters for the change and ensures sustainability of the change. Therefore, this section of the research paper explores the change model that will be utilized to ensure the success of my evidence-based project.
The Selected Model and Its Relevance to My Project
The implementation of my evidence-based project will utilize transtheoretical model. Diclemente and Prochaska developed the transtheoretical model of change in the 1970 after observing the manner in which smokers quit their smoking habits. The model is suitable for the project because it provides a better understanding of the motives for individual change in behavior and factors that influence it. It also provides insights into the ways in which lifestyle and behavioral change can be promoted through the creation of awareness among the populations at risk. According to the model, behavioral change is not a sudden occurrence or process. It occurs in a series of steps and a cyclical process. As a result, it fits the proposed project, as it will guide sequential implementation of the change in my institution (Prochaska & Prochaska, 2016). Further, the cyclical nature of change implies that the implementers are able to apply different constructs and behavioral theories to ensure the success of the change, hence, its suitability for the project.
Stages of Change and their Applicability to the Project
According to the transtheoretical model of change, there exist six stages of change. They include precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, maintenance, and termination. Each of these stages is applicable to the evidence-practice project as discussed below.
Precontemplation
Precontemplation is the first stage of change in the transtheoretical model. The stage is characterized by the adopters not willing to take any action to change their situation. Their lack of willingness is attributed to their low level of awareness associated with their behaviors that are producing negative outcomes to their lives. As a result, they often underestimate the benefits of changing their behaviors and focus more on the disadvantages of changing their behaviors or lifestyles. This stage applies to the proposed change initiative. The African American patients with diabetes type 2 are not aware of the importance of adhering to their prescribed treatment. They do not understand that their lack or low adherence to treatment has adverse outcome on their health (De Chesnay & Anderson, 2019). Consequently, the hold strongly to misinformed information related to effective management of the disease.
Contemplation
This is the second stage in the transtheoretical model. The adopters of the change in this stage are willing to adopt the desired lifestyle and behavioral change. They are also aware about the negative consequences of their behaviors on their health. As a result, they begin exploring the practical solutions that can be adopted to change their circumstances. They also consider the benefits as well as risks of the need for behavioral change. Despite this awareness, they might be reluctant to embrace the desired changes for healthier lives (Hayden, 2017). This stage applies to the proposed intervention. The African American patients become aware of the negative consequences of poor adherence to recommended treatment. They begin to explore the available interventions that can be adopted to improve their adherence. However, ambivalence among them might still hinder the adoption of the desired lifestyle and behavioral modifications to increase their level of adherence to treatment.
Preparation
The adopters in this stage are willing to take action for their health problem within a shorter period (usually 30 days). They begin exploring small steps that will ensure that they successfully embrace the needed change. The steps help them in guiding the adoption of new healthy behaviors or lifestyles that will promote their health and wellbeing (Potter et al., 2016). This stage is also applicable to the proposed change. The adopters of the change are aware of the negative consequences of lack of or poor adherence to treatment. As a result, they take small steps that will promote their adherence in the end. The proposed intervention will be embraced by a majority of the population to achieve their desired health goals.
Action
The adopters in this stage have experienced a recent change in their behavior. They are willing to progress with the adoption of the recommended interventions to promote further behavioral change. As a result, they modify their problematic behaviors by acquiring new healthy behaviors that will promote their health (Hayden, 2017). The African American patients with diabetes type 2 will have sustained their behavioral change for a substantial period (six months) at this stage. As a result, they constantly seek new behaviors that will increase their adherence. They put the recommendations from the health information technologies into their daily routines.
Maintenance
The adopters in this stage have had more than six months of continuous behavioral and lifestyle change. As a result, the focus of the adoption of change is prevention of relapse to earlier behaviors. Motivators need to be provided to ensure sustainability in the change process (Potter et al., 2016). The African Americans with diabetes type 2 have shown significant dedication to behavioral and lifestyle changes in this stage. Therefore, they need to be motivated to focus more on their success in order to prevent relapse to their earlier behaviors.
Termination
This is the last stage in the model where the adopters are no longer willing to relapse to their earlier behaviors. Sustainability in the change process has been achieved (Little, Sillence & Joinson, 2016). The African American patients will have successfully embraced the change in this stage. They are not willing to relapse to unhealthy behaviors that contributed to poor or lack of adherence to treatment among them. Consequently, health promotion is achieved in this phase.
Conclusion
The transtheoretical model is the most appropriate for the proposed change. It will provide a stepwise approach towards the implementation of change. Its successful use will minimize the risk of resistance from the adopters. It will also ensure sustainability of the desired interventions to promote lifestyle and behavioral change among the adopters. Therefore, it proves effective for the proposed change in this project.
References
De Chesnay, M., & Anderson, B. (2019). Caring for the Vulnerable. Jones & Bartlett Learning.
Hayden, J. (2017). Introduction to health behavior theory. Jones & Bartlett Learning.
Little, L., Sillence, E., & Joinson, A. (Eds.). (2016). Behavior change research and theory: psychological and technological perspectives. Academic Press.
Potter, P. A., Perry, A. G., Stockert, P., & Hall, A. (2016). Fundamentals of Nursing-E-Book. Elsevier health sciences.
Prochaska, J. O., & Prochaska, J. M. (2016). Changing to thrive: using the stages of change to overcome the top threats to your health and happiness. Simon and Schuster.
Evidence-Based Practice Proposal – Section D: Change Model
Roger’s diffusion of innovation theory is a particularly good theoretical framework to apply to an EBP project. However, students may also choose to use change models, such as Duck’s change curve model or the transtheoretical model of behavioral change. Other conceptual models, such as a utilization model (Stetler’s model) and EBP models (the Iowa model and ARCC model) can also be used as a framework for applying your evidence-based proposal in clinical practice. Apply one of the above models and carry your implementation through each of the stages, phases, or steps identified in the chosen model.
In 500-750 words (not including the title page and references page), discuss applying one of the change models to the implementation plan:
Identify the selected model or theoretical framework and discuss its relevance to your project.
Discuss each of the stages in the change model/framework.
Describe how you would apply each stage in your proposed implementation.
In addition, create a conceptual model of the project. Although you will not be submitting the conceptual model you design in Topic 4 with the narrative, you will include the conceptual model in the appendices for the final paper.
You are required to cite three to five sources to complete this assignment. Sources must be published within the last 5 years and appropriate for the assignment criteria and nursing content.
Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.
This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.
You are required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite. Please refer to the directions in the Student Success Center.
Note: After submitting the assignment, you will receive feedback from the instructor. Use this feedback to make revisions for your final paper submission. This will be a continuous process throughout the course for each section.