DNP 835 Topic 2 DQ 1 Describe the role of the DNP-prepared nurse in managing costs
Grand Canyon University DNP 835 Topic 2 DQ 1 Describe the role of the DNP-prepared nurse in managing costs-Step-By-Step Guide
This guide will demonstrate how to complete the Grand Canyon University DNP 835 Topic 2 DQ 1 Describe the role of the DNP-prepared nurse in managing costs assignment based on general principles of academic writing. Here, we will show you the A, B, Cs of completing an academic paper, irrespective of the instructions. After guiding you through what to do, the guide will leave one or two sample essays at the end to highlight the various sections discussed below.
How to Research and Prepare for DNP 835 Topic 2 DQ 1 Describe the role of the DNP-prepared nurse in managing costs
Whether one passes or fails an academic assignment such as the Grand Canyon University DNP 835 Topic 2 DQ 1 Describe the role of the DNP-prepared nurse in managing costs depends on the preparation done beforehand. The first thing to do once you receive an assignment is to quickly skim through the requirements. Once that is done, start going through the instructions one by one to clearly understand what the instructor wants. The most important thing here is to understand the required format—whether it is APA, MLA, Chicago, etc.
After understanding the requirements of the paper, the next phase is to gather relevant materials. The first place to start the research process is the weekly resources. Go through the resources provided in the instructions to determine which ones fit the assignment. After reviewing the provided resources, use the university library to search for additional resources. After gathering sufficient and necessary resources, you are now ready to start drafting your paper.
How to Write the Introduction for DNP 835 Topic 2 DQ 1 Describe the role of the DNP-prepared nurse in managing costs
The introduction for the Grand Canyon University DNP 835 Topic 2 DQ 1 Describe the role of the DNP-prepared nurse in managing costs is where you tell the instructor what your paper will encompass. In three to four statements, highlight the important points that will form the basis of your paper. Here, you can include statistics to show the importance of the topic you will be discussing. At the end of the introduction, write a clear purpose statement outlining what exactly will be contained in the paper. This statement will start with “The purpose of this paper…” and then proceed to outline the various sections of the instructions.
How to Write the Body for DNP 835 Topic 2 DQ 1 Describe the role of the DNP-prepared nurse in managing costs
After the introduction, move into the main part of the DNP 835 Topic 2 DQ 1 Describe the role of the DNP-prepared nurse in managing costs assignment, which is the body. Given that the paper you will be writing is not experimental, the way you organize the headings and subheadings of your paper is critically important. In some cases, you might have to use more subheadings to properly organize the assignment. The organization will depend on the rubric provided. Carefully examine the rubric, as it will contain all the detailed requirements of the assignment. Sometimes, the rubric will have information that the normal instructions lack.
Another important factor to consider at this point is how to do citations. In-text citations are fundamental as they support the arguments and points you make in the paper. At this point, the resources gathered at the beginning will come in handy. Integrating the ideas of the authors with your own will ensure that you produce a comprehensive paper. Also, follow the given citation format. In most cases, APA 7 is the preferred format for nursing assignments.
How to Write the Conclusion for DNP 835 Topic 2 DQ 1 Describe the role of the DNP-prepared nurse in managing costs
After completing the main sections, write the conclusion of your paper. The conclusion is a summary of the main points you made in your paper. However, you need to rewrite the points and not simply copy and paste them. By restating the points from each subheading, you will provide a nuanced overview of the assignment to the reader.
How to Format the References List for DNP 835 Topic 2 DQ 1 Describe the role of the DNP-prepared nurse in managing costs
The very last part of your paper involves listing the sources used in your paper. These sources should be listed in alphabetical order and double-spaced. Additionally, use a hanging indent for each source that appears in this list. Lastly, only the sources cited within the body of the paper should appear here.
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DNP 835 Topic 2 DQ 1
Reflecting on the “IHI Module TA 103: Increasing Value and Reducing Waste at the Point of Care,” describe the role of the DNP-prepared nurse in managing costs. Identify one common barrier to cost management and inappropriate resource use. Discuss a change theory and how it can be applied in nursing practice to integrate sustainable care delivery. Provide supporting evidence.
Sample Answer for DNP 835 Topic 2 DQ 1 Describe the role of the DNP-prepared nurse in managing costs
The IHI module TA 103: increasing value and reducing waste at the point of care, is important for all healthcare professionals to view. Healthcare cost are continuously on the rise from a global standpoint and there are ways to reduce cost without impact quality of care. Common barriers to cost management include, per the module, established habits such as providers being trained to order test, disapproval of doing nothing, lack of feedback, time pressure, discomfort with diagnostic uncertainty, ease of access to service, and lastly incentives for overuse. Prescription medication is a large cost. Bouayad et al. (2020) suggest a common approach for reducing medication costs without compromising on outcomes is through the use of generic drugs.
The role of a DNP prepared nurse in managing cost can include utilizing resources effectively, therapeutically communicating with patients about necessity of test or procedures while still maintaining their autonomy. Providing proactive care with an emphasis on prevention and health promotion, keeping up to date with evidenced based practice recommendations and risk vs benefits of procures and testing. “Healthcare settings provide opportunities for nurse scholars prepared with a DNP degree to explore and address practice gaps where evidence-based practice (EBP) could be implemented to support patient safety and quality outcomes. Practice scholarship led by nurses enables healthcare organizations to build cultures that support value-driven care and sustain quality and safety initiatives” (Kesten et al., 2022).
One of the biggest barriers suggested in the module was time pressure. The physician described a scenario in which the emergency department resident needed an open bed and there were a lot of outside pressure for things needing to be done right away. In this situation the provider defaulted to an easier time saving tactic which presents as a system challenge within the organization. Solutions include creating new delivery system and point of care services, increased staffing, improved hours and support services.
Lewin’s change theory is applicable to healthcare including healthcare economics. His major concepts include driving forces, restraining forces, and equilibrium. The stages in his theory include unfreezing, change, and refreezing. Change in any organization has multiple phases and stages to become an integrated part of sustainability including evaluation. With healthcare cost and changes to reduce barriers for improved value of care, change needs to occur at multiple levels and be sustained. Globally healthcare is continuing to rise but there are areas to save on cost. Change theories can help guide the process and anticipate any opposing forces to help crate solutions for a smooth transition through planning.
References
Bouayad, L., Padmanabhan, B., & Chari, K. (2020). Can Recommender Systems Reduce Healthcare Costs? The Role of Time Pressure and Cost Transparency in Prescription Choice. MIS Quarterly, 44(4), 1859–1902. https://doiorg.lopes.idm.oclc.org/10.25300/MISQ/2020/14435
Kesten, K. S., Moran, K., Beebe, S. L., Conrad, D., Burson, R., Manderscheid, A., Pohl, E., & Corrigan, C. (2022). Impact of Practice Scholarship as Perceived by Nurses Holding a DNP Degree. JONA: The Journal of Nursing Administration, 52(2), 99–105. https://doi-org.lopes.idm.oclc.org/10.1097/NNA.0000000000001109
Sample Answer 2 for DNP 835 Topic 2 DQ 1 Describe the role of the DNP-prepared nurse in managing costs
Waste is ubiquitous in healthcare, especially within the United States healthcare system. Compared to other industrialized nations, the United States spends more on healthcare, yet this is not reflected in healthcare outcomes with the US having a lower life expectancy (Tikkanen & Abrams, 2020). In addition to the direct cost experienced by the patient and organization, there are nonfiscal costs, such as the cost to opportunity and downstream costs. This may consist of missed work, time away from home and family, or possible exposure to hospital-acquired conditions. Equipped with skills to translate evidence into practice, clinical knowledge, leadership abilities, and knowledge of fiscal operations while working within a quality and safety framework, a DNP-prepared nurse has the knowledge, skills, and abilities to assist in managing costs (Gravlin et al., 2022). By employing clinical knowledge with effective communication, DNPs can properly educate patients about the appropriateness of tests, procedures, and medications. Policies or procedures can be developed to guide provider practice to reduce unnecessary tests or interventions.
Emergency rooms struggle with overcrowding. While some patients are having a true emergency, this area is often used for primary care concerns. This reduces the availability of resources, such as emergency patient rooms and staff. Patients seek care for a multitude of reasons and need to be evaluated by a provider. Hong et al. (2020) discovered an increase in primary care use when available after typical business hours however, there was a mixed review if this intervention resulted in a reduction in emergency room utilization. This may be a result of the change process. The systematic review completed by Hong et al. (2020) reviewed 26 studies. Depending on the length of the individual studies, the change may still be in process. Lewin’s Change Model discusses three change phases. If the intervention is to be successful, it needs to stick after implementation, known as refreezing. If the studies were completed while the change process was still developing, there may not have been a significant result in emergency room utilization. Lewin’s Change Model is useful to destabilize the current practice, implement a new practice and develop a solid foundation for the change to be established.
References
Gravlin, G., Fortunato-Habib, M., Gemme, D., Carney, B., & Dick, K. (2022). Diving in: Using a “Shark Tank” approach to teach business skills to future DNP leaders. Journal of Professional Nursing, 40, 66–72. https://doi-org.lopes.idm.oclc.org/10.1016/j.profnurs.2022.03.002.
Hong, M., Thind, A., Zaric, G. S., & Sarma, S. (2020). The impact of improved access to after-hours primary care on emergency department and primary care utilization: A systematic review. Health Policy, 124(8), 812–818. https://doi-org.lopes.idm.oclc.org/10.1016/j.healthpol.2020.05.015.
Tikkanen, R & Abrams, M. K. (2020, January 30th). U.S. health care from a global perspective, 2019: higher spending, worse outcomes? The Commonwealth Fund. https://www.commonwealthfund.org/publications/issue-briefs/2020/jan/us-health-care-global-perspective-2019.
Sample Answer 3 for DNP 835 Topic 2 DQ 1 Describe the role of the DNP-prepared nurse in managing costs
The IHI Module TA 103, has numerous examples of wasteful resources causing unnecessary harm, stress to patients, and an increase in healthcare spending. For example, the IHI module discusses a story regarding a patient named Jesse who had an unnecessary pre-procedure chest x-ray. The patient had anticipated surgery for a total knee replacement however the chest x-ray report had noted a nodule that required further examination. When this case was reviewed, the chest x-ray was not warranted based on the patient’s surgery. Furthermore, it increased stressors for Jesse and his family, personal costs, personal time, healthcare cost and time. A DNP-prepared nurse can assist in alleviating situations such as these by initiating high quality of care at a lower cost (high-value care). Although this can be challenging, a DNP leader may utilize a system level approach to distinguish between high and low value interventions by using the Choosing Wisely De-Implementation Framework (CWDIF). This framework focuses on reducing low-value care. Low-value care is estimated to be 30% of healthcare costs. The CWDIF has five phases, beginning with Phase 0: identifying areas of low-value care, (1) identifying priorities, (2) identifying implementation barriers, (3) meticulous evaluations of implementation programs or interventions, and (4) dissemination of effective interventions and programs (Grinshaw et.al., 2020).
Furthermore, implementation of a resource stewardship program can assist in allocating appropriate resources. A DNP nurse, educator, and leader can effectively begin by empowering nursing staff, providers, leaders, and stakeholders by sharing knowledge. Unfortunately, some barriers to cost management and inappropriate resource use includes provider’s habit to pursue tests and/or treatments without therapeutic value, lack of knowledge or feedback, provider’s fear of litigation, time pressure, ease of access to service, and incentives for overuse. Healthcare providers may want to alleviate patient concerns, therefore order items that do not necessarily need to be ordered. Zhou et al., (2018) further discusses that online virtual interactive cases (VIC) to teach stewardship on rheumatology patients have been developed. The authors discovered that the VIC modules increased accurate patient diagnosis (92%) and 57.1% medical professionals reported that the modules increased their ability and knowledge of ordering cost-conscious investigations. The VIC modules demonstrate that increased knowledge can aid a DNP-prepared nurse in advancing resource stewardship with an outcome of high-value care.
Grimshaw, J. M., Patey, A. M., Kirkham, K. R., Hall, A., Dowling, S. K., Rodondi, N., Ellen, M., Kool, T., van Dulmen, S. A., Kerr, E. A., Linklater, S., Levinson, W., & Bhatia, R. S. (2020). De-implementing wisely: Developing the evidence base to reduce low-value care. BMJ Quality & Safety, 29(5), 409–417. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjqs-2019-010060
Zhou, L. L., Tait, G., Sandhu, S., Steiman, A., & Lake, S. (2018). Online virtual cases to teach resource stewardship. The Clinical Teacher, 16(3), 220–225. https://doi.org/10.1111/tct.12804
Sample Answer 4 for DNP 835 Topic 2 DQ 1 Describe the role of the DNP-prepared nurse in managing costs
It is true that the United States spends more on healthcare. Despite the huge expenditure, other Americans continue to complain about poor access to quality healthcare services. The inability of the high expenditure to reflect on healthcare status has created the waste. Waste in the US healthcare system affects the country economy since part of the budget could be allocated for other public functions (Mac McCullough et al., 2019). It is expected that the huge healthcare budget will transform healthcare service delivery. However, healthcare disparities have denied underprivileged population access to quality healthcare services. The presence of disparities shows the ambiguity of waste in healthcare. Many qualification requirements have also limited some members of under-privileged population to benefit from government-sponsored healthcare programs such as Medicaid and Medicare (Speer et al., 2020). A DNP-prepared nurse has the knowledge, skills, and abilities to assist in managing costs and averting waste. Healthcare stakeholders rely on professionals to guide and advice on effective cost management.
References
Mac McCullough, J., Speer, M., Teutsch, S. M., & Fielding, J. E. (2019). Non-clinical prevention opportunities and waste in the US healthcare system. American journal of preventive medicine, 56(6), 904-907. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2018.11.023
Speer, M., McCullough, J. M., Fielding, J. E., Faustino, E., & Teutsch, S. M. (2020). Excess medical care spending: the categories, magnitude, and opportunity costs of wasteful spending in the United States. American journal of public health, 110(12), 1743-1748. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2020.305865