DNP 835 Topic 3 DQ 1 Describe two causes of health disparities in the United States, or in your local community, that lead to health inequity
Grand Canyon University DNP 835 Topic 3 DQ 1 Describe two causes of health disparities in the United States, or in your local community, that lead to health inequity-Step-By-Step Guide
This guide will demonstrate how to complete the Grand Canyon University DNP 835 Topic 3 DQ 1 Describe two causes of health disparities in the United States, or in your local community, that lead to health inequity assignment based on general principles of academic writing. Here, we will show you the A, B, Cs of completing an academic paper, irrespective of the instructions. After guiding you through what to do, the guide will leave one or two sample essays at the end to highlight the various sections discussed below.
How to Research and Prepare for DNP 835 Topic 3 DQ 1 Describe two causes of health disparities in the United States, or in your local community, that lead to health inequity
Whether one passes or fails an academic assignment such as the Grand Canyon University DNP 835 Topic 3 DQ 1 Describe two causes of health disparities in the United States, or in your local community, that lead to health inequity depends on the preparation done beforehand. The first thing to do once you receive an assignment is to quickly skim through the requirements. Once that is done, start going through the instructions one by one to clearly understand what the instructor wants. The most important thing here is to understand the required format—whether it is APA, MLA, Chicago, etc.
After understanding the requirements of the paper, the next phase is to gather relevant materials. The first place to start the research process is the weekly resources. Go through the resources provided in the instructions to determine which ones fit the assignment. After reviewing the provided resources, use the university library to search for additional resources. After gathering sufficient and necessary resources, you are now ready to start drafting your paper.
How to Write the Introduction for DNP 835 Topic 3 DQ 1 Describe two causes of health disparities in the United States, or in your local community, that lead to health inequity
The introduction for the Grand Canyon University DNP 835 Topic 3 DQ 1 Describe two causes of health disparities in the United States, or in your local community, that lead to health inequity is where you tell the instructor what your paper will encompass. In three to four statements, highlight the important points that will form the basis of your paper. Here, you can include statistics to show the importance of the topic you will be discussing. At the end of the introduction, write a clear purpose statement outlining what exactly will be contained in the paper. This statement will start with “The purpose of this paper…” and then proceed to outline the various sections of the instructions.
How to Write the Body for DNP 835 Topic 3 DQ 1 Describe two causes of health disparities in the United States, or in your local community, that lead to health inequity
After the introduction, move into the main part of the DNP 835 Topic 3 DQ 1 Describe two causes of health disparities in the United States, or in your local community, that lead to health inequity assignment, which is the body. Given that the paper you will be writing is not experimental, the way you organize the headings and subheadings of your paper is critically important. In some cases, you might have to use more subheadings to properly organize the assignment. The organization will depend on the rubric provided. Carefully examine the rubric, as it will contain all the detailed requirements of the assignment. Sometimes, the rubric will have information that the normal instructions lack.
Another important factor to consider at this point is how to do citations. In-text citations are fundamental as they support the arguments and points you make in the paper. At this point, the resources gathered at the beginning will come in handy. Integrating the ideas of the authors with your own will ensure that you produce a comprehensive paper. Also, follow the given citation format. In most cases, APA 7 is the preferred format for nursing assignments.
How to Write the Conclusion for DNP 835 Topic 3 DQ 1 Describe two causes of health disparities in the United States, or in your local community, that lead to health inequity
After completing the main sections, write the conclusion of your paper. The conclusion is a summary of the main points you made in your paper. However, you need to rewrite the points and not simply copy and paste them. By restating the points from each subheading, you will provide a nuanced overview of the assignment to the reader.
How to Format the References List for DNP 835 Topic 3 DQ 1 Describe two causes of health disparities in the United States, or in your local community, that lead to health inequity
The very last part of your paper involves listing the sources used in your paper. These sources should be listed in alphabetical order and double-spaced. Additionally, use a hanging indent for each source that appears in this list. Lastly, only the sources cited within the body of the paper should appear here.
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Topic 3 DQ 1
Reflecting on the “IHI Module TA 102: Improving Health Equity,” describe two causes of health disparities in the United States, or in your local community, that lead to health inequity. What ethical issues inhibit access and quality for care for these issues? Outline an initiative, integrating your faith and ethical principles surrounding practice, to reduce these health inequities and sustain the change within the health care system.
Sample Answer for DNP 835 Topic 3 DQ 1 Describe two causes of health disparities in the United States, or in your local community, that lead to health inequity
Health inequities are prearranged variances in the chance groups must attain ideal health, resulting in inequitable and unnecessary dissimilarities in health outcomes (Baciu et al., 2017). Two causes of health disparity in the United States that lead to health inequity are social circumstances and access to quality health care. It is established that low socioeconomic status hinders an individual’s capability to attain ideal health by preventing access to health-preserving resources. Low-income Americans are likely to die before the age of 65 years due to their inability to have issues with health insurance and health coverage. In addition, as explained in the module, an individual’s zip code can also determine their life expectancy. Access to quality health care is one cause of health disparities noted in the United States. Persons of low economic standing usually do not get the care they need, and their health become worse than that of those who have better access. This is quite evident in marginalized, underserved, and low-income communities. Also, people with lower incomes have more health issues, more disabilities, and earlier deaths than people with higher incomes.
The ethical issue that inhibits access and quality of care is Respect for Persons and Patient Autonomy. Respect for persons involves defending a patient’s humanity, as well as their capability to make informed decisions about care in harmony with the patient’s personal values. This entails identifying the physician’s clinical judgment in assisting patients to make these decisions. Patient choices might always not be affiliated with the preferred option of a physician. Hence, shared decision-making using a collaborative approach is important to ensure respect for persons (DeCamp et al.,2018).
An initiative that may help in reducing these health inequities and sustain the change within the health care system is Faith-based organizations (FBOs). FBOs have been used tremendously and serve as essential team members in health promotion and disease prevention efforts (Schoenberg, 2017). In addition, FBOs have been identified for their ability to offer mental and physical health programming. Their ability to reach marginalized populations with health inequalities issues has led to initiatives endorsing their participation in health programming. These initiatives have concurred and recognized that, in spite of substantial sponsoring in biomedical and public health infrastructures, there are particular communities and individuals that are still disposed to health inequities In addition, transformative research orientations, as well as community-based participatory research recognizes the knowledgeable input of community members and their exceptional contributions through community and academic collaboration (Schoenberg, 2017).
References
DeCamp, M., Pomerantz, D., Cotts, K., Dzeng, E., Farber, N., Lehmann, L., Reynolds, P. P., Sulmasy, L. S., & Tilburt, J. (2018). Ethical Issues in the Design and Implementation of Population Health Programs. Journal Of General Internal Medicine, 33(3), 370–375. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11606-017-4234-4
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, Health and Medicine Division, Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice, Committee on Community-Based Solutions to Promote Health Equity in the United States, Baciu, A., Negussie, Y., Geller, A., & Weinstein, J. N. (Eds.). (2017). Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity. National Academies Press (US).
Schoenberg N. E. (2017). Enhancing the role of faith-based organizations to improve health: a commentary. Translational Behavioral Medicine, 7(3), 529–531. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13142-017-0485-1
Sample Answer 2 for DNP 835 Topic 3 DQ 1 Describe two causes of health disparities in the United States, or in your local community, that lead to health inequity
As healthcare professionals, we are proud of the scientific advances that allow us to save lives and improve the quality of life for our patients. Treatments such as new diagnostics, updated treatments, and technologies can be used to detect illness and improve outcomes of disease. The upsetting part is that our work is not benefiting everyone equally. Despite our best intentions as individuals, many gaps in health outcomes based on race, income, education, and other social factors are persisting or even growing in the United States and around the world (Wyatt et al., 2016). For example, the infant mortality rate for Black babies born in the US is more than twice that of White babies (Wyatt et al., 2016). These gaps are examples of health inequities or health disparities, which are both described as differences in health that are preventable and unfair, rather than biological or natural (Wyatt et al., 2016). Health inequities are the product of both low-quality medical care and social circumstances beyond the purview of the traditional healthcare system (Wyatt et al., 2016). While the terms health disparity and health inequity are sometimes used interchangeably, the phrase “health inequities” can be helpful to communicate the idea of avoidable, unjust differences (Wyatt et al., 2016). Racism and the impacts of low socioeconomic status are only two causes of health disparities in the U.S. The relationship between race and the level of a person’s health is well documented in this country (Wyatt et al., 2016). Sociologists find that even when Latinos, Whites, and African Americans have an equivalent income and education, race still has an impact on health (Social Determinants of Health: Key Concepts, 2019). Racial groups with a long history of economic exploitation (like slavery and discrimination), negative social stereotypes, and geographic marginalization (division into poor and rich neighborhoods) have markedly worse health outcomes (Social Determinants of Health: Key Concepts, 2019). These groups include African Americans, American Indians and Alaska Natives, Hispanics or Latinos, and Native Hawaiians and other Pacific Islanders (Social Determinants of Health: Key Concepts, 2019). Racism in my community has caused issues with high blood pressure control and diabetes within the Black and Native Indian populations in Arizona.
What ethical issues inhibit access and quality for care for these issues?
The truth is that there is no “right to health” in the United States. Even people who are born in the U.S.. have no inherent right to be healthy and have access to good care, and this is shameful. Universal access to quality care for every human being should represent a core ethical value simply because every individual would choose health care as a personal priority for themselves and for family members (Gostin, 2017). Popular support for Affordable Care Act boasts no exclusions for preexisting conditions or lifetime caps on coverage. This is a testament to the value of equity (Gostin, 2017). Equity requires that the lived experiences of individuals in access and quality of health services are not inordinately different based on wealth, geography, race, or religion (Gostin, 2017). Tolerating some differences may be acceptable to many, but widely disparate treatment with marked tiers in access and quality, is plainly unjust (Gostin, 2017).
Outline an initiative, integrating your faith and ethical principles surrounding practice, to reduce these health inequities and sustain the change within the healthcare system.
Healthcare systems and healthcare workers have a significant role to play in achieving health equity in this country. Healthcare organizations are not powerful enough to improve all of the multiple determinants of health for all of society, but they do have the power to address disparities directly at the point of care and to impact many of the determinants that create these disparities (Wyatt et al., 2016). It is our obligation to aim to reduce health disparities related to racial or ethnic groups; religion; socioeconomic status; gender; age; mental health; cognitive, sensory, or physical disability; sexual orientation or gender identity; geographic location; or other characteristics historically linked to discrimination or exclusion (Social Determinants of Health: Key Concepts, 2019). As leaders in healthcare, we can focus on several initiatives to integrate faith and ethics into practice so these health disparities can be addressed in our communities. As a Christian, I will always make sure I care for every person as a child of God and my family. The nurses and other medical team members who work with me will always see me behave in a professional and caring manner toward patients from all walks of life. We must make health equity a strategic priority and work to develop structures and processes to support health equity work. As DNP professionals, we can research and deploy specific strategies to address the multiple determinants of health on which our healthcare organizations can have a direct impact. We must work to decrease institutional racism within the organizations we are employed, and also develop partnerships with community organizations to improve health and equity (Wyatt et al., 2016).
Gostin, L. O. (2017). Five ethical values to guide health system reform. JAMA, 318(22), 2171. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2017.18804
Wyatt, R., Laderman, M., Botwinick, L., & Whittington, J. (2016). Achieving health equity: A guide for health care organizations | IHI – institute for healthcare improvement. Retrieved February 18, 2023, from https://www.ihi.org/resources/Pages/IHIWhitePapers/Achieving-Health-Equity.aspx
Social determinants of health: Key concepts. (2019). who.int. Retrieved February 18, 2023, from https://www.who.int/news-room/questions-and-answers/item/social-determinants-of-health-key-concepts
Sample Answer 3 for DNP 835 Topic 3 DQ 1 Describe two causes of health disparities in the United States, or in your local community, that lead to health inequity
Health inequities are systematic differences in the health status of different population groups. These inequities have significant social and economic costs both to individuals and societies. Health inequities are differences in health status or in the distribution of health resources between different population groups, arising from the social conditions in which people are born, grow, live, work, and age. Health disparities are preventable circumstances relating to individuals’ health status based on social factors such as income, ethnicity, education, age, and gender. These factors can result in circumstances such as a lack of access to proper healthcare resources (including insurance) or decreased life expectancy rates (Adler NE, et al, 2018).
According to the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), about 1 in 5 U.S. adults lived with a mental illness in 2019, some groups are affected more than others; for example, about 70% of young people in the juvenile justice system have been diagnosed with a mental illness. The causes of the disparities in this juvenile justice group include exposure to childhood trauma and unaddressed behavioral health issues. Mental health disparities also exist between genders: 24.5% of women have been diagnosed with mental illness versus 16.3% of men (Adler NE, et al, 2018).
Race and ethnicity are socially constructed categories that have tangible effects on the lives of individuals who are defined by how one perceives oneself and how one is perceived by others. It is important to acknowledge the social construction of the concepts of race and ethnicity because it has implications for how measures of race have been used and changed over time. Furthermore, the concept of race is complex, with a rich history of scientific and philosophical debate as to the nature of race (James,2018). Racial and ethnic disparities are arguably the most obstinate inequities in health over time, despite the many strides that have been made to improve health in the United States. Moreover, race and ethnicity are extremely salient factors when examining health inequity. Therefore, solutions for health equity need to consider the social, political, and historical context of race and ethnicity in this country. For racial and ethnic minorities in the United States, health disparities take on many forms, including higher rates of chronic disease and premature death compared to their counterparts, it is important to note that this pattern is not universal (Bell J, et al, 2017).
Social drivers like racism, and sexism, can perpetuate inequities by prioritizing one group over another. These forces are so deeply ingrained in cultural practices and norms that many people might not realize they are happening. Oftentimes, these forces are the result of past inequities that still affect communities today. Take, for example, mid-20th-century discriminatory housing practices. These policies forced many minority families into neighborhoods without nearby access to community resources, like public transportation, quality education, or job opportunities all of which affect a family’s financial stability (Dickey LM, et al, 2018).
The Affordable Care Act attempted to expand access to primary care by making it easier to get health insurance and requiring insurance companies to cover the whole cost of preventive services, like blood pressure screenings and obesity counseling. Helping ensure people can see a medical professional when they are sick is important for curbing health disparities. But perhaps equally important is their ability to see a doctor when they’re healthy. Many medical issues in the United States could be prevented with routine, preventive care like health screenings, vaccinations, and lifestyle changes.
References
Adler NE, Stewart J. Health disparities across the lifespan: Meaning, methods, and mechanisms. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. 2018; 1186:5–23
Bell J, Lee MM. Why place and race matter: Impacting health through a focus on race and place. Oakland, CA: PolicyLink; 2017.
Dickey LM, Budge SL, Katz-Wise SL, Garza MV. Health disparities in the transgender community: Exploring differences in insurance coverage. Psychology of Sexual Orientation and Gender Diversity. 2018;3(3):275–282
ADDITIONAL INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE CLASS
Discussion Questions (DQ)
Initial responses to the DQ should address all components of the questions asked, include a minimum of one scholarly source, and be at least 250 words.
Successful responses are substantive (i.e., add something new to the discussion, engage others in the discussion, well-developed idea) and include at least one scholarly source.
One or two sentence responses, simple statements of agreement or “good post,” and responses that are off-topic will not count as substantive. Substantive responses should be at least 150 words.
I encourage you to incorporate the readings from the week (as applicable) into your responses.
Weekly Participation
Your initial responses to the mandatory DQ do not count toward participation and are graded separately.
In addition to the DQ responses, you must post at least one reply to peers (or me) on three separate days, for a total of three replies.
Participation posts do not require a scholarly source/citation (unless you cite someone else’s work).
Part of your weekly participation includes viewing the weekly announcement and attesting to watching it in the comments. These announcements are made to ensure you understand everything that is due during the week.
APA Format and Writing Quality
Familiarize yourself with APA format and practice using it correctly. It is used for most writing assignments for your degree. Visit the Writing Center in the Student Success Center, under the Resources tab in LoudCloud for APA paper templates, citation examples, tips, etc. Points will be deducted for poor use of APA format or absence of APA format (if required).
Cite all sources of information! When in doubt, cite the source. Paraphrasing also requires a citation.
Also Read: HSN 476- Week 1 Assignment Health Care Organization and Finance
I highly recommend using the APA Publication Manual, 6th edition.
Use of Direct Quotes
I discourage overutilization of direct quotes in DQs and assignments at the Masters’ level and deduct points accordingly.
As Masters’ level students, it is important that you be able to critically analyze and interpret information from journal articles and other resources. Simply restating someone else’s words does not demonstrate an understanding of the content or critical analysis of the content.
It is best to paraphrase content and cite your source.
LopesWrite Policy
For assignments that need to be submitted to LopesWrite, please be sure you have received your report and Similarity Index (SI) percentage BEFORE you do a “final submit” to me.
Once you have received your report, please review it. This report will show you grammatical, punctuation, and spelling errors that can easily be fixed. Take the extra few minutes to review instead of getting counted off for these mistakes.
Review your similarities. Did you forget to cite something? Did you not paraphrase well enough? Is your paper made up of someone else’s thoughts more than your own?
Visit the Writing Center in the Student Success Center, under the Resources tab in LoudCloud for tips on improving your paper and SI score.
Late Policy
The university’s policy on late assignments is 10% penalty PER DAY LATE. This also applies to late DQ replies.
Please communicate with me if you anticipate having to submit an assignment late. I am happy to be flexible, with advance notice. We may be able to work out an extension based on extenuating circumstances.
If you do not communicate with me before submitting an assignment late, the GCU late policy will be in effect.
I do not accept assignments that are two or more weeks late unless we have worked out an extension.
As per policy, no assignments are accepted after the last day of class. Any assignment submitted after midnight on the last day of class will not be accepted for grading.
Communication
Communication is so very important. There are multiple ways to communicate with me:
Questions to Instructor Forum: This is a great place to ask course content or assignment questions. If you have a question, there is a good chance one of your peers does as well. This is a public forum for the class.
Individual Forum: This is a private forum to ask me questions or send me messages. This will be checked at least once every 24 hours.