NR 490 Week 6 assignment Literature Evaluation Table

In nursing practice, accurate identification and application
of research is essential to achieving successful outcomes. Being able to
articulate the information and successfully summarize relevant peer-reviewed
articles in a scholarly fashion helps to support the student’s ability and
confidence to further develop and synthesize the progressively more complex
assignments that constitute the components of the course change proposal
capstone project.

When determining what evidence to use in practice, I hold the opinion that clinical significance is more important. This is because you will find that statistical significance may be prone to biases. Statistical significance basically indicates that the outcomes did not happen by chance. However, when a researcher fails to account for outliers and confounding variables, then this is bound to bring about questions on the significance of the relationship established by the research (Frank et al., 2021). It is therefore imperative that when deciding on a treatment or intervention that there is evidence of its clinical significance. This is because clinical significance will be evidence that the intervention will bear positive implications on the intended populations.

For this assignment, the student will provide a synopsis of
eight peer-reviewed articles from nursing journals using an evaluation table
that determines the level and strength of evidence for each of the eight
articles. The articles should be current within the last 5 years and closely
relate to the PICOT statement developed earlier in this course. The articles
may include quantitative research, descriptive analyses, longitudinal studies,
or meta-analysis articles. A systematic review may be used to provide

background information for the purpose or problem identified in the proposed
capstone project. Use the “Literature Evaluation Table” resource to
complete this assignment.

While APA style is not required for the body of this
assignment, solid academic writing is expected, and in-text citations and
references should be presented using APA documentation guidelines, which can be
found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center.

This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric
prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for
successful completion.

You are not required to submit this assignment to Turnitin.

Proper identification and use of research in nursing profession is crucial in attaining successful outcomes. The skill to communicate data and examine peer-reviewed articles effectively in an intellectual manner is vital in promoting the ability of students to understand and synthesize complex topics that are addressed by the capstone projects. This literature evaluation table seeks to identify and analyze peer-reviewed articles about health education to address childhood obesity. The proposed intervention is the adoption of lifestyle health education as the nursing intervention to mitigate obesity among children

PICOT Question

In obese children (P), does health education on healthy lifestyle (I) compared to no intervention (C) lessen childhood obesity rates (O) in six months (T)?

Criteria	Article 1	Article 2	Article 3	Article 4
Author, Journal (Peer-Reviewed), and Permalink or Working Link to Access Article	Mastrocola, M. R., Roque, S. S., Benning, L. V., & Stanford, F. C. International Journal of Obesity https://doi.org/10.1038/s41366-019-0453-6	Pereira, A. R., & Oliveira, A. Nutrients. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13103447	Martin, A., Booth, J.N., Laird, Y., Sproule, J., Reilly, J.J. & Saunders, D.H. Cochrane Database. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD009728.pub3	Scott-Sheldon, L. A., Hedges, L. V., Cyr, C., Young-Hyman, D., Khan, L. K., Magnus, M., King, H., Arteaga, S., Cawley, J., Economos, C. D., Haire-Joshu, D., Hunter, C. M., Lee, B. Y., Kumanyika, S. K., Ritchie, L. D., Robinson, T. N., & Schwartz, M. B. (2020) Childhood Obesity. https://doi.org/10.1089/chi.2020.0139
Article Title and Year Published	Obesity education in medical schools, residencies, and fellowships throughout the world: a systematic review. Published in 2020	Dietary interventions to prevent childhood obesity: A literature review. Published in 2021	Physical activity, diet and other behavioral interventions for improving cognition and school achievement in children and adolescents with obesity or overweight. Published in 2018	Childhood Obesity Evidence Base Project: A systematic review and meta-analysis of a new taxonomy of intervention components to improve weight status in children 2–5 years of age, 2005–2019. Published in 2020.
Research Questions (Qualitative)/Hypothesis (Quantitative)	Implicit: To determine whether obesity education in medical schools, residencies, and fellowships throughout the world is effective.	Hypothesis: Prevention of childhood obesity needs multidimensional actions at critical levels such as personal, family, institutional, and environmental.	Implicit: Does healthy weight interventions lead to enhanced thinking skills and school performance among obese children and teenagers?	Hypothesis: Children receiving interventions to prevent obesity or improve weight status would experience less gain in BMI, or perhaps reductions in BMI, relative to children comparable in age, who did not receive the intervention.
Purposes/Aim of Study	To explore obesity education in medical students, resident, and fellow physicians throughout the world from 2005 to 2018.	To review the existing literature on dietary interventions for the prevention of childhood obesity and their effectiveness.	To assess whether lifestyle interventions such as diet, physical activity, sedentary behavior and behavioral can improve school achievement, cognitive function, and/or future success in children and adolescents with obesity or overweight.	To evaluate the efficacy of childhood obesity interventions and conduct a taxonomy of intervention components that are most effective in changing obesity-related health outcomes in children 2–5 years of age.
Design (Type of Quantitative, or Type of Qualitative)	Quantitative study	Qualitative literature analysis.	RCTs of behavioral interventions in obese children.	Quantitative study.
Setting/Sample	27 studies for review.	52 references obtained through literature search.	18 studies involving 2384 obese and overweight children and adolescents. The study was conducted 10 different countries.	51 studies evaluating 58 interventions.
Methods: Intervention/Instruments	Systematic review of MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, and ERIC databases.	Using the PubMed Central^®for literature search.	Randomized and quasi-RCTs of behavioral intervention. Systematic review of 17 databases for information.	Effect sizes confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated by using random-effects models. Meta-regression was used to determine which intervention components explain variability in ESs.
Analysis	Using an evidence grading system in which each outcome measure was graded on a scale from A to D.	Literature review on studies that focused on dietary interventions to prevent childhood obesity.	Used single-study and multiple-study analyses to allow comparison of intervention effects across intervention types.	This systematic review and meta-analysis was performed by using established meta-analytic methods and reported in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) Statement.
Key Findings	There is currently a paucity of obesity education programs for medical students, residents, and fellow physicians in training programs throughout the world despite high disease prevalence.	Most of the intervention studies showed no consistent effects on changing the body mass index of children.	School and community-based physical activity interventions benefit executive functions of children with obesity or overweight. Also, school-based dietary interventions may benefit the general school achievement in children with obesity.	Early childhood obesity interventions are effective in reducing BMI in preschool children.
Recommendations	More obesity education should be administered to undergraduate and graduate medical education to ensure optimal treatment of patients with obesity.	Further research is needed on sustainability of interventions over time.	More research is needed to evaluate the cognitive, academic, and physical outcomes in children.	Facilitating caregiver education about the importance of screen time reduction may be an important strategy in reducing early childhood obesity.
Explanation of How the Article Supports EBP/Capstone Project	Supporting education on childhood obesity.	Advances educational approaches on nutrition, physical activity, and behavioral changes.	This article advances the need for obesity management education including lifestyle changes in children to reduce obesity.	Supporting obesity management intervention from early childhood.

Criteria	Article 5	Article 6	Article 7	Article 8
Author, Journal (Peer-Reviewed), and Permalink or Working Link to Access Article	Salam, R. A., Padhani, Z. A., Das, J. K., Shaikh, A. Y., Hoodbhoy, Z., Jeelani, S. M., Lassi, Z.S., & Bhutta, Z. A. Nutrients. doi: 10.3390/nu12082208	Pan, H. J., Hung, L. J., & Chen, C. Y. Obesity Research & Clinical Practice. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orcp.2020.03.007	Atkins, M., Castro, I., Sharifi, M., Perkins, M., O’Connor, G., Luo, M., Sandel, M., Taveras, E. M., & Fiechtner, L. American Journal of Public Health. https://ajph.aphapublications.org/doi/full/10.2105/AJPH.2020.305772	Jacob, C. M., Hardy-Johnson, P. L., Inskip, H. M., Morris, T., Parsons, C. M., Barrett, M., Hanson, M., Woods-Townsend, K., & Baird, J. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-020-01065-9
Article Title and Year Published	Effects of lifestyle modification interventions to prevent and manage child and adolescent obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Published in 2020	Effect of class-based lifestyle intervention on the management of childhood obesity. Published in 2020	Unmet social needs and adherence to pediatric weight management interventions: Massachusetts, 2017–2019. Published in 2020.	A systematic review and meta-analysis of school-based interventions with health education to reduce body mass index in adolescents aged 10 to 19 years. Published in 2021.
Research Questions (Qualitative)/Hypothesis (Quantitative)	Hypothesis: Lifestyle interventions such as diet, physical activity, behavioral therapy, or any combination of these interventions coupled with contextual factors can prevent and manage childhood and adolescent obesity.	Implicit: Whether lifestyle interventions for the management of childhood obesity could change unhealthy behaviors and reduce obesity tendency among elementary students.	Hypothesis: Families who screened positively for unmet social needs would have fewer completed contact hours over the 1-year intervention period.	Implicit: To determine effectiveness of health education interventions delivered in school settings to prevent overweight and obesity and/ or reduce BMI in adolescents?
Purposes/Aim of Study	To assess the impact of lifestyle interventions along with the contextual factors to prevent and manage childhood and adolescent obesity.	To determine Effect of class-based lifestyle intervention on the management of childhood obesity.	To examine effects of unmet social needs on adherence to pediatric weight management intervention (PWMI).	To synthesize the literature investigating the effectiveness of health education interventions delivered in school settings to prevent overweight and obesity and/ or reduce BMI in adolescents, and to explore the key features of effectiveness.
Design (Type of Quantitative, or Type of Qualitative)	Quantitative study.	Qualitative study	Qualitative study	Quantitative design
Setting/Sample	654 studies used for meta-analysis.	279 students.	Participants included children aged 6 to 12 years with a body mass index (BMI) greater than or equal to 85th percentile seen in primary care at the 2 federally qualified community health centers.	The study included 33 interventions based on 39 publications in the review.
Methods: Intervention/Instrument	Comprehensive search strategy for database search.	A lifestyle questionnaire to assess the students’ dietary habits and physical activities before the intervention.	A randomized controlled trial in 2 communities in Massachusetts with large populations of low-income families.	The University of York Centre for Reviews and Dissemination (CRD) Guidelines and PRISMA Tools.
Analysis	Utilization of two pairs of review authors (ZAP and AYS; ZH and RAS) to independently assess potential study eligibility based on predefined screening criteria.	Analysis was done by categorizing the BMI of the students as underweight, normal, overweight, and obese according to the age-specific BMI.	Descriptive analysis of the exposures, outcomes, and covariates.	Using CRD and PRISMA to conduct a meta-analysis on studies with data on BMI z-score.
Key Findings	Blending various interventions is effective in childhood obesity management.	Lunchtime education is an innovative way to provide class-based education programs in school that yielded behavior changes and are effective approaches for delaying childhood obesity.	Adherence to PWMIs was lower among children with housing insecurity and in families with 3 or 4 unmet social needs.	School-based health education interventions have the public health potential to lower BMI towards a healthier range in adolescents.
Recommendations	Combine various interventions to achieve optimal better results in obesity management.	Adoption of lunchtime education.	Addressing social needs should be a priority of PWMIs to improve intervention adherence and reduce disparities in childhood obesity.	To explore the effectiveness of multi-component interventions involving key stakeholders.
Explanation of How the Article Supports EBP/Capstone	Advancing implementation of various lifestyle interventions such as physical activity, dietary interventions, behavioral therapy to manage childhood obesity.	Supporting health education in obesity management.	Addresses obesity management in children.	Supporting health education in childhood obesity management.

Conclusion

The literature evaluation table provided a synopsis of the review of eight peer-reviewed articles. The articles were reviewed based a predetermined criteria that delved into the specific areas such as the author, journal, working link to access the article, article title, year published, research questions and the aim of the study. Additional criteria used include design, setting/sample, methods, analysis, key findings, recommendations, and how the article supports capstone project.

References

Atkins, M., Castro, I., Sharifi, M., Perkins, M., O’Connor, G., Luo, M., Sandel, M., Taveras, E. M., & Fiechtner, L. (2020). Unmet social needs and adherence to pediatric weight management interventions: Massachusetts, 2017–2019. American Journal of Public Health, 110(S2), S251-S257. https://ajph.aphapublications.org/doi/full/10.2105/AJPH.2020.305772

Jacob, C. M., Hardy-Johnson, P. L., Inskip, H. M., Morris, T., Parsons, C. M., Barrett, M., Hanson, M., Woods-Townsend, K., & Baird, J. (2021). A systematic review and meta-analysis of school-based interventions with health education to reduce body mass index in adolescents aged 10 to 19 years. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 18(1), 1-22. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-020-01065-9

Martin, A., Booth, J. N., Laird, Y., Sproule, J., Reilly, J. J., & Saunders, D. H. (2018). Physical activity, diet and other behavioural interventions for improving cognition and school achievement in children and adolescents with obesity or overweight. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, (1). DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD009728.pub3

Mastrocola, M. R., Roque, S. S., Benning, L. V., & Stanford, F. C. (2020). Obesity education in medical schools, residencies, and fellowships throughout the world: a systematic review. International Journal of Obesity, 44(2), 269-279. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41366-019-0453-6

Pan, H. J., Hung, L. J., & Chen, C. Y. (2020). Effect of class-based lifestyle intervention on the management of childhood obesity. Obesity Research & Clinical Practice, 14(2), 184-190. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orcp.2020.03.007

Pereira, A. R., & Oliveira, A. (2021). Dietary interventions to prevent childhood obesity: A literature review. Nutrients, 13(10), 3447. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13103447

Salam, R. A., Padhani, Z. A., Das, J. K., Shaikh, A. Y., Hoodbhoy, Z., Jeelani, S. M., Lassi, Z.S., & Bhutta, Z. A. (2020). Effects of lifestyle modification interventions to prevent and manage child and adolescent obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutrients, 12(8), 2208. Doi: 10.3390/nu12082208

Scott-Sheldon, L. A., Hedges, L. V., Cyr, C., Young-Hyman, D., Khan, L. K., Magnus, M., King, H., Arteaga, S., Cawley, J., Economos, C. D., Haire-Joshu, D., Hunter, C. M., Lee, B. Y., Kumanyika, S. K., Ritchie, L. D., Robinson, T. N., & Schwartz, M. B. (2020). Childhood Obesity Evidence Base Project: A systematic review and meta-analysis of a new taxonomy of intervention components to improve weight status in children 2–5 years of age, 2005–2019. Childhood Obesity, 16(S2), S2-21. https://doi.org/10.1089/chi.2020.0139

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NR 490 Week 6 assignment Literature Evaluation Table

Published in 2018

Implicit: To determine whether obesity education in medical schools, residencies, and fellowships throughout the world is effective.

Participants included children aged 6 to 12 years with a body mass index (BMI) greater than or equal to 85th percentile seen in primary care at the 2 federally qualified community health centers.

Utilization of two pairs of review authors (ZAP and AYS; ZH and RAS) to independently assess potential study eligibility based on predefined screening criteria.