Assessment: Assessing the Problem: Leadership, Collaboration, Communication, Change Management, and Policy Considerations

Assessment: Assessing the Problem: Leadership, Collaboration, Communication, Change Management, and Policy Considerations

Assessment 1: Leadership, Collaboration, Communication, Change Management, and Policy Considerations

Nurses play a critical role in the promotion of health of their populations. Nurses utilize their knowledge and skills in nursing to assess, plan, implement, monitor and evaluate the effectiveness of the interventions utilized to address the needs of their patients. The effectiveness of care given to the patients depends largely on the level of patient involvement in care and use of evidence-based interventions. Therefore, this paper explores the patient health problem that will be of focus for the project.

Part 1

Patient Health Problem

The selected patient for the project is Mr. M, a family member who has hypertension and pre-diabetic. The patient has been hypertensive for the last two years and has been on anti-hypertensive treatment. The patient is also pre-diabetic. He uses lifestyle and behavioral modifications to manage the condition. Hypertension and pre-diabetes have significant adverse effects on the health of the patient. Accordingly, patients and their significant others incur costs in seeking treatment, purchase of medication and frequent hospitalizations. Patients also lose their productivity due to increased demands from hospital visits and hospitalizations (Forouzanfar et al., 2017).

Health issues such as hypertension and pre-diabetes are relevant to the practice of baccalaureate prepared n

urse. Bachelor-prepared nurse play a critical role in the promotion of the health and wellbeing of the patients suffering from hypertension and diabetes. The nurses provide health promotion interventions such as health education and screening patients for health risks including diabetes and hypertension. As noted above, hypertension and pre-diabetes act as a source of significant disease burden for the patient. According to (Farjo et al., 2020), diabetes is associated with adverse events such as myocardial infarction, coronary revascularization, and cardiovascular hospitalizations. Similarly, hypertension predisposes patients to adverse events such as stroke, renal failure, heart failure, and metabolic syndrome that increase the costs of care and mortality (Cooper et al., 2017). Therefore, the bachelor-level prepared nurse has the responsibility of ensuring that the health and wellbeing of the populations affected by hypertension is promoted.

Leadership

Effective leadership is needed for the management of hypertension and pre-diabetes. Bachelor-level prepared nurse acts as a leader in implementing the evidence-based interventions that can be used to manage hypertension and pre-diabetes. The effective leadership styles that should be adopted in working with the patient in the case study include active participation, shared-decision making, and promotion of trust. Bachelor-level prepared nurse also plays the role of ensuring that evidence-based interventions are utilized in the management of the health problems affecting the patient. Evidence-based interventions contribute to care outcomes such as patient satisfaction, empowerment, quality, safety and efficiency in care.

Collaboration

Active stakeholder collaboration is needed for the effective management of hypertension and pre-diabetes. Nurses must work with their patients in exploring the effective interventions that can be used to optimize the treatment outcomes. Collaboration takes into consideration the values, beliefs and practices of the patient towards the management of the health problem. The patient in the case study should also be involved in the decision-making process. Patient involvement in decision-making contributes to patient satisfaction with care, improved treatment adherence, and patient empowerment to explore additional self-management interventions for hypertension and pre-diabetes (Emich, 2018).

Communication

Communication is an important element in the management of hypertension and pre-diabetes. Effective communication strategies such as open communication, active listening, and being objective should be embraced to improve the outcomes of treatment for the patient. Open communication should be embraced to ensure that the patient expresses his concerns and views on the ways in which the health problems can be managed optimally. Open communication also promotes the trust and honesty between the patient and the nurse for the realization of the desired outcomes of care (Abdolrahimi et al., 2017). Therefore, effective communication will be embraced to facilitate the effective management of the health problems facing the patient and the relationship with him.

Change Management

The successful management of hypertension and pre-diabetes will entail the adoption of lifestyle and behavioral modifications by the patient. The modifications include engaging in active physical activity, dietary modifications, and self-monitoring of the blood pressure. The implications of the modifications are that the patient needs to change his behaviors to promote health. Theories of change management such as Lewin’s three-step model of change will therefore be embraced. Lewin’s theory provides a systematic approach that nurses can use in implementing change and managing barriers. Nurses can use the theory to create urgency for the change, facilitate the change process and sustain the desired behaviors. The nurse must also implement evidence-based interventions to contribute to the desired outcomes. However, the nurse should be aware of the potential barriers to implement the desired change such as lack of awareness by the patient, lack of prepared by the patient to embrace change interventions and high workload that hinders the use of evidence-based interventions (Thusini & Mingay, 2019). Therefore, interventions such as patient education, active patient involvement in the care process, and provision of the support needed by the patient will be embraced to address the potential barriers that may be experienced in the project.

Policy Perspective

The effective management of hypertension and pre-diabetes also depends largely on the facilitating nature of the policies embraced in health and nursing. Bachelor-prepared nurse should ensure that policies that increase access to and utilization of care services by the patient in the case study are embraced. The nurse also ensures that barriers to care by the diverse populations are eliminated. This includes engaging in initiatives such as policy advocacy, population education to create awareness, and championing the implementation of sustainable and universal interventions for managing hypertension and pre-diabetes (Regan et al., 2017).

Part 2

The patient I will be working with in the project is Mr. M, a family member who has hypertension and pre-diabetes. As noted above, the patient has been hypertensive for the last two years and has been on anti-hypertensive treatment. The patient is also pre-diabetic. He uses lifestyle and behavioral modifications to manage the condition. I hope to learn a number of things by working with this patient. The first one is the effectiveness of self-management and active collaboration in hypertension and pre-diabetes management. I also hope to learn about the effective leadership styles that are needed when working with patients suffering from chronic and acute conditions. I also intend to strengthen my communication and teamwork skills by working with the patient. I also intend to learn more about the ways in which evidence-based interventions can be used to manage health problems. Overall, I anticipate personal and professional development by working with the patient in the project.

The above patient was chosen for the project because of a number of reasons. Firstly, the patient has been on anti-hypertensive treatments for the past two years that have been effective in blood pressure control. However, the patient has not incorporated the non-pharmacological interventions into the management plan for the hypertension. I would therefore like to empower the patient about the use of self-management, non-pharmacological interventions for hypertension. The patient is also pre-diabetic. This implies that he can benefit greatly from the incorporation of self-management interventions into his treatment plan. Consequently, he is the most suitable person I can work with to achieve the desired competencies for the course.

I will embrace participative discussions and case studies in presenting the information about the health problems to the patient and convince him about its significance. I will hold a participative discussion with the patient to explore the different ways in which his health problem can be managed. I will also provide him case studies about the symptoms, effects and effective interventions that can be embraced to improve his health outcomes. I will also guide him in the implementation of the self-management interventions that he can embrace to manage his health problems.

I will embrace participative leadership style in working with the patient. Participative leadership entails allowing others or those being led to play a proactive role in the examination of issues and ways in which they can be addressed. Participative leadership will empower the client in the case study to develop effective knowledge and skills needed for the management of his health problems (Thusini & Mingay, 2019). I will also embrace active collaboration in working the patient. I will ensure that his is actively involved in determining the most effective interventions that align with his expectations that can be used in managing his problems. I will also utilize change management skills such as educating the patient, involving him in change initiatives, and guiding the patient on the effective use of the interventions for disease management (Emich, 2018).

I foresee a number of potential barriers in presenting the problem to the patient. One of them is his low level of awareness about his health problems and their management. The patient has little information about the risks and self-management of hypertension and pre-diabetes. The other barrier is the lack of time. The patient works as a forklift operator during most of his daytime. As a result, it might be difficult for him to find time to participate in the needed interventions for the management of his health problems. I will embrace a number of change management strategies to overcome the above barriers. One of the interventions will be educating the patient about his health problems, risks and the need for lifestyle and behavioral change. Patient education will raise the needed sense of urgency in implementing interventions to promote health. I will also guide the patient in implementing the needed interventions. Guiding will increase the ease with which the patient engages in healthy interventions. Lastly, I will promote flexibility in the process to ensure that the needs of the patient are met.

Conclusion

Overall, nurses play an essential role in the promotion of health of their populations. Nurses utilize interventions such as effective leadership, communication, and policy advocacy to ensure the needs of their patients are met. I will therefore embrace the above interventions in working with the selected patient in this case study. I will also explore best practices that can be used to optimize the outcomes of treatment in hypertension and diabetes.

 

 

References

Abdolrahimi, M., Ghiyasvandian, S., Zakerimoghadam, M., & Ebadi, A. (2017). Therapeutic communication in nursing students: A Walker & Avant concept analysis. Electronic Physician, 9(8), 4968–4977. https://doi.org/10.19082/4968

Cooper, R. S., Kaufman, J. S., & Bovet, P. (2017). Global Burden of Disease Attributable to Hypertension. JAMA, 317(19), 2017–2018. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2017.4213

Emich, C. (2018). Conceptualizing collaboration in nursing. Nursing Forum, 53(4), 567–573. https://doi.org/10.1111/nuf.12287

Farjo, P. D., Barghouthi, N., Chima, N., Desai, A., Fang, W., Giordano, J., & Bianco, C. M. (2020). Use of the Burden of Diabetes Mellitus Score for Cardiovascular Disease Risk Assessment. The American Journal of Cardiology, 125(12), 1829–1835. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjcard.2020.03.027

Forouzanfar, M. H., Liu, P., Roth, G. A., Ng, M., Biryukov, S., Marczak, L., Alexander, L., Estep, K., Hassen Abate, K., Akinyemiju, T. F., Ali, R., Alvis-Guzman, N., Azzopardi, P., Banerjee, A., Bärnighausen, T., Basu, A., Bekele, T., Bennett, D. A., Biadgilign, S., … Murray, C. J. L. (2017). Global Burden of Hypertension and Systolic Blood Pressure of at Least 110 to 115 mm Hg, 1990-2015. JAMA, 317(2), 165–182. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2016.19043

Regan, S., Wong, C., Laschinger, H. K., Cummings, G., Leiter, M., MacPhee, M., Rhéaume, A., Ritchie, J. A., Wolff, A. C., Jeffs, L., Young‐Ritchie, C., Grinspun, D., Gurnham, M. E., Foster, B., Huckstep, S., Ruffolo, M., Shamian, J., Burkoski, V., Wood, K., & Read, E. (2017). Starting Out: Qualitative perspectives of new graduate nurses and nurse leaders on transition to practice. Journal of Nursing Management, 25(4), 246–255. https://doi.org/10.1111/jonm.12456

Thusini, S., & Mingay, J. (2019). Models of leadership and their implications for nursing practice. British Journal of Nursing, 28(6), 356–360. https://doi.org/10.12968/bjon.2019.28.6.356

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The university’s policy on late assignments is 10% penalty PER DAY LATE. This also applies to late DQ replies.

Please communicate with me if you anticipate having to submit an assignment late. I am happy to be flexible, with advance notice. We may be able to work out an extension based on extenuating circumstances.

If you do not communicate with me before submitting an assignment late, the GCU late policy will be in effect.

I do not accept assignments that are two or more weeks late unless we have worked out an extension.

As per policy, no assignments are accepted after the last day of class. Any assignment submitted after midnight on the last day of class will not be accepted for grading.

Communication

Communication is so very important. There are multiple ways to communicate with me:

Questions to Instructor Forum: This is a great place to ask course content or assignment questions. If you have a question, there is a good chance one of your peers does as well. This is a public forum for the class.

Individual Forum: This is a private forum to ask me questions or send me messages. This will be checked at least once every 24 hours.

Important information for writing discussion questions and participation

Welcome to class

Hello class and welcome to the class and I will be your instructor for this course. This is a -week course and requires a lot of time commitment, organization, and a high level of dedication. Please use the class syllabus to guide you through all the assignments required for the course. I have also attached the classroom policies to this announcement to know your expectations for this course. Please review this document carefully and ask me any questions if you do. You could email me at any time or send me a message via the “message” icon in halo if you need to contact me. I check my email regularly, so you should get a response within 24 hours. If you have not heard from me within 24 hours and need to contact me urgently, please send a follow up text to

I strongly encourage that you do not wait until the very last minute to complete your assignments. Your assignments in weeks 4 and 5 require early planning as you would need to present a teaching plan and interview a community health provider. I advise you look at the requirements for these assignments at the beginning of the course and plan accordingly. I have posted the YouTube link that explains all the class assignments in detail. It is required that you watch this 32-minute video as the assignments from week 3 through 5 require that you follow the instructions to the letter to succeed. Failure to complete these assignments according to instructions might lead to a zero. After watching the video, please schedule a one-on-one with me to discuss your topic for your project by the second week of class. Use this link to schedule a 15-minute session. Please, call me at the time of your appointment on my number. Please note that I will NOT call you.

Please, be advised I do NOT accept any assignments by email. If you are having technical issues with uploading an assignment, contact the technical department and inform me of the issue. If you have any issues that would prevent you from getting your assignments to me by the deadline, please inform me to request a possible extension. Note that working fulltime or overtime is no excuse for late assignments. There is a 5%-point deduction for every day your assignment is late. This only applies to approved extensions. Late assignments will not be accepted.

If you think you would be needing accommodations due to any reasons, please contact the appropriate department to request accommodations.

Plagiarism is highly prohibited. Please ensure you are citing your sources correctly using APA 7th edition. All assignments including discussion posts should be formatted in APA with the appropriate spacing, font, margin, and indents. Any papers not well formatted would be returned back to you, hence, I advise you review APA formatting style. I have attached a sample paper in APA format and will also post sample discussion responses in subsequent announcements.

Your initial discussion post should be a minimum of 200 words and response posts should be a minimum of 150 words. Be advised that I grade based on quality and not necessarily the number of words you post. A minimum of TWO references should be used for your initial post. For your response post, you do not need references as personal experiences would count as response posts. If you however cite anything from the literature for your response post, it is required that you cite your reference. You should include a minimum of THREE references for papers in this course. Please note that references should be no more than 5 years old except recommended as a resource for the class. Furthermore, for each discussion board question, you need ONE initial substantive response and TWO substantive responses to either your classmates or your instructor for a total of THREE responses. There are TWO discussion questions each week, hence, you need a total minimum of SIX discussion posts for each week. I usually post a discussion question each week. You could also respond to these as it would count towards your required SIX discussion posts for the week.

I understand this is a lot of information to cover in 5 weeks, however, the Bible says in Philippians 4:13 that we can do all things through Christ that strengthens us. Even in times like this, we are encouraged by God’s word that we have that ability in us to succeed with His strength. I pray that each and every one of you receives strength for this course and life generally as we navigate through this pandemic that is shaking our world today. Relax and enjoy the course!

Hi Class,

Please read through the following information on writing a Discussion question response and participation posts.

Contact me if you have any questions.

Important information on Writing a Discussion Question

• Your response needs to be a minimum of 150 words (not including your list of references)
• There needs to be at least TWO references with ONE being a peer reviewed professional journal article.
• Include in-text citations in your response
• Do not include quotes—instead summarize and paraphrase the information
• Follow APA-7th edition
• Points will be deducted if the above is not followed

Participation –replies to your classmates or instructor

• A minimum of 6 responses per week, on at least 3 days of the week.
• Each response needs at least ONE reference with citations—best if it is a peer reviewed journal article
• Each response needs to be at least 75 words in length (does not include your list of references)
• Responses need to be substantive by bringing information to the discussion or further enhance the discussion. Responses of “I agree” or “great post” does not count for the word count.
• Follow APA 7th edition
• Points will be deducted if the above is not followed
• Remember to use and follow APA-7th edition for all weekly assignments, discussion questions, and participation points.
• Here are some helpful links
• Student paper example
• Citing Sources
• The Writing Center is a great resource