Assignment Patient-Centered Care Report
Responding to patient needs and providing optimal outcomes within the continuum of care demands constitute the central focus of patient-centered care delivery. The approach is defined in terms of the experiences of individualization, transparency, respect, and recognition of the patients’ desires, circumstances, and opinions towards a healthcare intervention plan. In normal healthcare settings, the system’s structures, cultures, and incentives are usually insufficiently aligned to promote patient-centered care. As a result, patients are vulnerable to uncoordinated care and encounter difficulties navigating the healthcare systems. Further, patients and their families are afforded limited opportunities to participate in the design of their own care. Therefore, the purpose of this project is to develop an evidence-based practice to the application of population health improvement initiative outcomes to patient-centered care with the main focus being on patients with Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) using the case of Mr. Nowak, who is a veteran.
Expected Outcomes of the Population Health Improvement Initiative
The health promotion initiative, in this case, involves the development of seamless care across the continuum of care. Mr. Nowak’s journey from the point of injury to the community re-entry is complex and involves a multiple of transitions from one care setting to another (Berwick, Downey, Cornett, & National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, 2016). A slight interruption at any stage of healthcare delivery may negatively impact Mr. Nowak’s prognosis and treatment outcomes. Furthermore, with limited patient-centered care approach, the transition from one setting to another can be abrupt, chaotic and disorganized. Therefore, the initiative targets at improving the communication among the healthcare providers, the patients and family members at different levels of care to ensure effective management of traumatic brain injuries among the soldiers.
Over the past periods, the continuum of care for the TBI and PSTD patients was fragmented and characterized by limited communications among the various healthcare providers. Lack of effective information management system in the process would result in the use of alternative communication approaches such as writing clinical information on patients. The existing gaps in the communication were associated with a myriad of factors including the fast operational speed, high casualty load, and limited data on patients’ prehistory and immature theatre infrastructures (Berwick, Downey, Cornett & National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, 2016). The outcomes of the initiative, in the case of Mr. Nowak, will include improved and efficient communication between the healthcare providers, which will facilitate effective review and follow-up on the patient’s condition and progresses. Additionally, the afforded care providers at the treatment facilities will have a deeper understanding of patient management strategies. The casualty evacuation will also improve significantly in both the capability and speed; this will be driven by the recognition that Mr. Nowak’s treatment outcomes could be improved through the definitive care and provision of the earlier advanced care.
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Strategy for Improving the Outcomes of the Population Health
As evidenced in the course reading materials, evidence-based practices are embedded in the translational research and they aim at identifying the unique needs of the patients and utilizing the data to expedite the improvement of health outcomes. Absence of the common communication channel hinders the constant integration and coordination of the various health units requirement in the effective management of traumatic brain injuries (Zatzick et al., 2018). According to the multiple assessments done by the military in Afghanistan and Iraq, it is apparent that absence of the common communication portal is a major barrier to the realization of an effective communication and seamless care transitions (Berwick, Downey, Cornett & National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, 2016). In most cases, the flow of information in the battlefields tends to be unidirectional; this limits the transition of the patient’s information to the respective healthcare providers (Berwick, Downey, Cornett & National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, 2016). Developing data sharing technologies and telemedicine serves as effective and viable measures to use in improving the quality of care delivery to the soldiers suffering from traumatic brain injuries. Furthermore, the technology will improve pre-hospital and hospital-based communication and thus promote the seamless transition to rehabilitation.
Interventions to Improve Population Health
The telemedicine and data sharing technologies are meant to facilitate data sharing and coordination among the various health delivery units. Proper coordination is needed to reduce the patient’s turnaround time as well as enhance the treatment efficacy. The measure will ensure that the healthcare providers are able to acquire the patient’s past medical histories in advance to avoid the development of the treatment intervention plans that may contradict their past medications (Zatzick et al., 2018). The ultimate goal in the adoption of the technology is to promote the seamless transition to the rehabilitation and facilitate recovery and reentry of the patients with traumatic brain injuries to the population. In as much as the rehabilitation are to be the immediate care phase that starts immediately after the acute medical and surgical interventions, initiating the rehabilitation process at the acute phase of treatment is crucial in the optimization of the recovery process of the patients. Patients with brain injuries require both physical and psychosocial healing. A study conducted to explore the recent impacts of Afghanistan and Iraq conflict and their treatment programs indicated that more attention is given to the early and comprehensive rehabilitation (Winter et al., 2016).
Approach to Personalizing Patient Care that Incorporates Lessons Learned from the Population Health Improvement Initiative Outcomes
The decisions in the development of the health promotion program were based on the lessons covered in the course. It is important to note that different patient groups have unique needs and thus require customized care delivery approaches. Using the evidence-based practice skills, it was evident that the break in the communication channels is a major drawback in the delivery of efficient and quality care to soldiers with traumatic brain injuries (Berwick, Downey, Cornett & National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, 2016). Therefore, developing multidisciplinary and state-of-art rehabilitation are important in the advanced rehabilitation programs in the facilities dealing with a large number of populations of the serious combat casualties. The proposed technologies serve to facilitate the role of interdisciplinary teams in consolidating the patients’ management and treatment processes and promoting quick recovery and re-entry of the soldiers with TBI to the general population,
Justification of the Value and Relevance of Evidence Used
There is sufficient evidence supporting the effectiveness of the data transfer technology and telemedicine in promoting the seamless transitions across the continuum of care. According to King, Beehler, Vest, Donnelly and Wray (2018), the coordinated information and data sharing facilitates the discharge rounds among the TBI patients and thus reducing their length of hospital stay. Furthermore, a study conducted by Twamley, Jak, Delis, Bondi and Lohr (2014) shows that transitional care model with the advanced nursing practice involves the responsibility of managing the data flow between the various phases of care delivery. The use of data sharing technologies enhances the transition of care and reduces the cost of medication among the patients with chronic illnesses that requires complex treatment regimens (King, Beehler, Vest, Donnelly, & Wray, 2018). The health initiative has been proven effective in various healthcare settings and thus would still be essential in addressing the need to effectively management TBI among the soldiers.
Framework for Evaluating the Outcomes
The anticipated outcomes in the initiative implementation include a reduced number of patients’ hospital stay, low rates of preventable deaths among the soldiers with TBI, improved communication and coordination among the healthcare providers and lastly, reduced medication costs. Tracking these parameters over time will help in assessing the effectiveness of the development intervention in enhancing the seamless transitions across the continuum of care among the soldiers with TBI (Twamley et al., 2014). The criterion is an appropriate measure of success because it involves specific health progress indicators. Over the past, poor management of the patients was marked with adverse outcomes including high mortality, lengthy patient stay, poor communication and data sharing among the healthcare providers and increased medication costs. Therefore, comparing these parameters before and after the implementation of the initiative will provide a realistic and accurate picture of the significance of the program in promoting public health. The communication integration is an important aspect of healthcare delivery and thus can be transferred to other healthcare delivery settings especially in areas where the patients need to undergo a series of healthcare procedures. The initiative reduces fragments in across the phase of trauma care and general healthcare management.
Assignment Patient-Centered Care Report References
Berwick, D., Downey, A., Cornett, E., & National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. (2016). Delivering Patient-Centered Trauma Care. In A National Trauma Care System: Integrating Military and Civilian Trauma Systems to Achieve Zero Preventable Deaths After Injury. National Academies Press (US).
King, P. R., Beehler, G. P., Vest, B. M., Donnelly, K., & Wray, L. O. (2018). A qualitative exploration of traumatic brain injury-related beliefs among US military veterans. Rehabilitation psychology, 63(1), 121.
Twamley, E. W., Jak, A. J., Delis, D. C., Bondi, M. W., & Lohr, J. B. (2014). Cognitive Symptom Management and Rehabilitation Therapy (CogSMART) for veterans with traumatic brain injury: a pilot randomized controlled trial. Journal of Rehabilitation Research & Development, 51(1).
Winter, L., Moriarty, H. J., Robinson, K., Piersol, C. V., Vause-Earland, T., Newhart, B., … & Gitlin, L. N. (2016). Efficacy and acceptability of a home-based, family-inclusive intervention for veterans with TBI: A randomized controlled trial. Brain Injury, 30(4), 373-387.
Zatzick, D., Russo, J., Thomas, P., Darnell, D., Teter, H., Ingraham, L., … & Sandgren, K. (2018). Patient-centered care transitions after injury hospitalization: a comparative effectiveness trial. Psychiatry, 81(2), 141-157.
Person-centered care means treating a patient as a person and an equal partner in their healing journey and focusing care on their health needs. I believe person-centered care strategies should be individualized, harmonized, and enable patients to reach their full potential. Therefore, the nurse or healthcare professional providing person-centered care should consider the patient’s needs, values, and preferences when making clinical decisions, which fosters respectful care. Kwame & Petrucka (2021) assert that the healthcare provider must consider a patient’s previous healthcare experiences and knowledge and, thus, provide care that focuses on and respects their values, preferences, and needs by increasingly involving the patient in the care process.
A nurse practitioner should first evaluate the patient’s abilities to manage and improve their health and collaboratively identify strategies that will help the patient in these abilities (Kwame & Petrucka, 2021). I believe that a fundamental aspect of patient-centered care is delivering services that respect and meet patients’ needs. This fosters positive healthcare outcomes, improves patients’ perceptions of quality of care, and improves patient satisfaction with care.
Holistic nursing means a comprehensive approach to patient care. It entails treating the whole person by also considering their mental and social factors instead of just focusing on managing the symptoms of their diagnosis. I perceive holistic care as a nursing approach that addresses a patient’s physical, psychological, social, and spiritual needs. Thus, this type of care is comprehensive. Instead of treating the diagnosis, holistic nursing seeks to improve the individual patient’s overall well-being and quality of life (Papathanasiou et al., 2013). Furthermore, I believe holistic nursing is relationship-centered care that should be individualized, with the primary goal being optimal health. Therefore, the NP practicing holistic nursing should acknowledge the patient’s body, mind, and spirit by treating the entire individual instead of one symptom (Papathanasiou et al., 2013). Besides, the NP should acknowledge that various factors affect a person’s health, including dietary habits and environmental influences. Consequently, they should ask patients questions about their general lifestyle.
Cultural humility refers to being respectful and empathetic and applying critical self-reflection at intrapersonal and interpersonal levels. Hughes et al. (2020) explain that the intrapersonal element of cultural humility entails being aware of one’s limited ability to appreciate the patient’s worldview and culture. On the other hand, the interpersonal component integrates an opinion toward a patient characterized by respect and openness to the patient’s point of view. It also focuses on learning from the patient by listening and building partnerships (Hughes et al., 2020). I believe that a nurse with cultural humility should have a mindset that enables them to be open to patients’ preferences by demonstrating respect and empathy. Furthermore, if nurses combine cultural humility with critical conversation skills, they can get an opportunity to discuss cultural misunderstandings, intercultural pain, and how to develop a cultural understanding.
Assignment Patient-Centered Care Report References
Hughes, V., Delva, S., Nkimbeng, M., Spaulding, E., Turkson-Ocran, R. A., Cudjoe, J., … & Han, H. R. (2020). Not missing the opportunity: Strategies to promote cultural humility among future nursing faculty. Journal of Professional Nursing, 36(1), 28-33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.profnurs.2019.06.005
Kwame, A., & Petrucka, P. M. (2021). A literature-based study of patient-centered care and communication in nurse-patient interactions: barriers, facilitators, and the way forward. BMC Nursing, 20(1), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-021-00684-2
Papathanasiou, I., Sklavou, M., &Kourkouta, L. (2013). Holistic nursing care: Theories and perspectives. American Journal of Nursing Science, 2(1), 1-5. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajns.20130201.11