Discussion: The Inclusion of Nurses in the Systems Development Life Cycle
Walden University Discussion: The Inclusion of Nurses in the Systems Development Life Cycle-Step-By-Step Guide
This guide will demonstrate how to complete the Walden University Discussion: The Inclusion of Nurses in the Systems Development Life Cycle assignment based on general principles of academic writing. Here, we will show you the A, B, Cs of completing an academic paper, irrespective of the instructions. After guiding you through what to do, the guide will leave one or two sample essays at the end to highlight the various sections discussed below.
How to Research and Prepare for Discussion: The Inclusion of Nurses in the Systems Development Life Cycle
Whether one passes or fails an academic assignment such as the Walden University Discussion: The Inclusion of Nurses in the Systems Development Life Cycle depends on the preparation done beforehand. The first thing to do once you receive an assignment is to quickly skim through the requirements. Once that is done, start going through the instructions one by one to clearly understand what the instructor wants. The most important thing here is to understand the required format—whether it is APA, MLA, Chicago, etc.
After understanding the requirements of the paper, the next phase is to gather relevant materials. The first place to start the research process is the weekly resources. Go through the resources provided in the instructions to determine which ones fit the assignment. After reviewing the provided resources, use the university library to search for additional resources. After gathering sufficient and necessary resources, you are now ready to start drafting your paper.
How to Write the Introduction for Discussion: The Inclusion of Nurses in the Systems Development Life Cycle
The introduction for the Walden University Discussion: The Inclusion of Nurses in the Systems Development Life Cycle is where you tell the instructor what your paper will encompass. In three to four statements, highlight the important points that will form the basis of your paper. Here, you can include statistics to show the importance of the topic you will be discussing. At the end of the introduction, write a clear purpose statement outlining what exactly will be contained in the paper. This statement will start with “The purpose of this paper…” and then proceed to outline the various sections of the instructions.
How to Write the Body for Discussion: The Inclusion of Nurses in the Systems Development Life Cycle
After the introduction, move into the main part of the Discussion: The Inclusion of Nurses in the Systems Development Life Cycle assignment, which is the body. Given that the paper you will be writing is not experimental, the way you organize the headings and subheadings of your paper is critically important. In some cases, you might have to use more subheadings to properly organize the assignment. The organization will depend on the rubric provided. Carefully examine the rubric, as it will contain all the detailed requirements of the assignment. Sometimes, the rubric will have information that the normal instructions lack.
Another important factor to consider at this point is how to do citations. In-text citations are fundamental as they support the arguments and points you make in the paper. At this point, the resources gathered at the beginning will come in handy. Integrating the ideas of the authors with your own will ensure that you produce a comprehensive paper. Also, follow the given citation format. In most cases, APA 7 is the preferred format for nursing assignments.
How to Write the Conclusion for Discussion: The Inclusion of Nurses in the Systems Development Life Cycle
After completing the main sections, write the conclusion of your paper. The conclusion is a summary of the main points you made in your paper. However, you need to rewrite the points and not simply copy and paste them. By restating the points from each subheading, you will provide a nuanced overview of the assignment to the reader.
How to Format the References List for Discussion: The Inclusion of Nurses in the Systems Development Life Cycle
The very last part of your paper involves listing the sources used in your paper. These sources should be listed in alphabetical order and double-spaced. Additionally, use a hanging indent for each source that appears in this list. Lastly, only the sources cited within the body of the paper should appear here.
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NURS 6051 Discussion: The Inclusion of Nurses in the Systems Development Life Cycle
Discussion: The Inclusion of Nurses in the Systems Development Life Cycle
According to McGonigle & Mastrian (2018), a systems development life cycle (SDLC) is a process of developing systems to deliver information systems in an efficient and effective way. The many approaches to SDLC can be applied to individual businesses needs to determine which approach would be the most beneficial to implement depending on the need of the business. As an example the waterfall method of systems development life cycle has multiple steps including feasibility, analysis, design, implement, test and maintain. Throughout each step it would be important to involve nursing staff because often these systems that are implemented affect our workflow and the direct clinical care we are able to deliver (Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, n.d.).
Cognizant of the role that training plays when it comes to improving a nurse’s competencies in EBP and thus empowering them to contribute to the development of EBP, here are certain strategies that can be undertaken from both an organizational level, to the larger professional level. At the organizational level, the organization can organize for opportunities where their nurses can get trained on evidence based practice. On the greater professional levels, professional bodies such as the ANA and the ANCC have developed certification program for nurses. By including components of evidence based practice in the certification exams, this ensures that nurses will prepare and apprise themselves on EBP and thus, in order to earn the certification, they will have to be competent in EBP. Alternatively, the institutions can include a whole different certification for EBP, where nurses will specifically be trained on EBP, tested on the same and thus, their competency will be proven by their certification. This will ultimately improve their ability to participate in the development and implementation of EBP.
In the feasibility stage of the waterfall method the business addresses whether the project should be initiated and is often when the budget for the project is proposed. As an example my hospital implemented a new labeling system hospital wide, roughly a 1,000-bed facility, due to the amount of specimen labeling errors. By involving nurses in this stage of the systems development life cycle staff would be privy to the data behind the amount of specimen labeling errors made and be able to make it apparent why it is important to improve the labeling system. BY not including nurses in this part of the decision making process you fail to include them in the reason for the change. The next stage, analysis, helps determine current business practices and details about the needs are assessed. Involving nurses in the analysis stage allows administrative staff the opportunity to understand how the technology is being utilized on a day-to-day basis so that educated decisions can be made on the proceedings of the issue. In the design phase, probably the most important phase due to the impact on nursing workflow, nurses should be involved when it comes to choosing between the different systems (in this case choosing labeling programs and printers) and sampling the new workflow prior to a permanent decision being made. Not considering those who use the technology in day to day patient care can often be more dangerous than not having any technology available at all (McGonigle & Mastrian, 2018). If a new technology creates a more difficult workflow for nurses there are potential for further mistakes to be made and the delivery of patient care could suffer.
In the implementation phase the vision of this new technology is brought to life through the programming. While some nurses may not have the technological savvy to understand the operating systems required for these programs to run it is important for them to test their functionality in simulated and real-life situations and they also do this during the test phase. During the test phase the program may be implemented in stages, like with new label making the program itself and new printers were rolled out to outpatient
care areas prior to inpatient areas to determine if the system preformed appropriately and were achieving the goals of the business (McGonigle & Mastrian, 2018). Nurses are key to the testing phase in this case because these are the individuals who are going to be going through that workflow each and every shift they work. Finally in the maintain phase after the testing has concluded that the program implementation is worth continuing it is important to involve nurses by training them as super users to train and assist other nurses during technology transitions and by having technology support available for any questions or concerns during the transitions from an old to a new program. During this systems development life cycle floor nurses were not involved in the initial process from the feasibility to the design stage but our opinions, questions and concerns were heard and addressed from the implementation phase on. This I feel can create a problem in not only nursing workflow but also in the communication between administrative, IT and nursing staff due to the implementation without the consideration of actual practicing bedside nurses. It is also important when implementing new technology systems to determine whether these systems communicate with each other appropriately, otherwise known as interoperability, such as the ability of the electronic health record to communicate with the labeling system to correctly transmit patient information (Laureate Education, 2018).
References
Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. (n.d.). Workflow assessment for health it toolkit. Workflow Assessment for Health IT Toolkit | AHRQ Digital Healthcare Research: Informing Improvement in Care Quality, Safety, and Efficiency. https://digital.ahrq.gov/health-it-tools-and-resources/evaluation-resources/workflow-assessment-health-it-toolkit.
Laureate Education (Producer). (2018). Interoperability, standards, and Security [Video file]. Baltimore, MD: Author.
McGonigle, D., & Mastrian, K. G. (2018). In Nursing informatics and the foundation of knowledge (4th ed., pp. 175–261). essay, Jones & Bartlett Learning.
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To effectively apply any healthcare process and technology system, developers must follow the Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC); planning, analysis, design, implementation, and maintenance (Laureate Education, 2019). To develop a new health information system focused on patient care and outcomes, it is crucial to involve nurses to provide substantial inputs (Weckman et al., 2009). Therefore, the lack of nurse contributions in the implementation phase can bring terrible consequences (Laureate Education, 2019). Six months ago, the administration team of my organization (Hospice) decided to switch our electronic documentation system from Citrix to WellSky without involving the field nurses in the SDLC process. Instead of selecting an outside Electronic Medical Record (EMR), if the administration had decided to work with the company team (IT, informatics nurses, and the field nurses) to design an EMR that will meet all the staff needs, they would have saved many complications.
As a result, the administration team had to make many changes to the new system due to staff resistance and negative feedback with the new system. This forced the administration to re-evaluate and gather input from nurses to adjust the new system. If the administration team had involved the nurses in the selection of the new EMR at the beginning, the company would have saved a lot of time and stress. To be successful, the administration should have approached the implementation of the system by working as a team and involving nurses at each stage of the SDLC, from planning to maintenance (feedback). For instance, if nurses are involved in the planning phase, they can share project goals and contributions for significant efficacy. In the analysis, involving nurses in the design phase would have allowed the nurse to develop or select a successful EMR that will fit the patient and healthcare staff’s needs when documenting the head-to-toe assessment and general notes. Nurses should not have been left in the implementation phase since nurses give direct patient care and are active members of the nursing process.
Implementation is the most crucial phase in involving nurse thoughts and feedback. Implementing healthcare systems is essential, but the most important segment involves all stakeholders for successful implementation (Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality [AHRQ], 2014). In the healthcare setting, nurses are fundamental stakeholders for system implementation, and for this reason, they need to be involved for successful system implementation. If nurses were initially involved in the scenario mentioned above, the company could have saved time and budget.
References
Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. (2014). Designing and Implementing Medicaid Disease and Care Management Programs: Section 2: Engaging Stakeholders in a Care Management Program. https://www.ahrq.gov/patient-safety/settings/long-termcare/resource/hcbs/medicaidmgmt/mm2.html
Laureate Education (Producer). (2018). Systems Implementation [Video file]. Baltimore, MD: Author.
Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning. Weekman, H., Janzen, S. (2009). The critical nature of early nurse involvement for Introducing new technologies. The Online Journal of Issues in Nursing, 14(2). doi: 10.3912/OJIN.Vol1402Man02.