DQ 2: Select a nursing model or theory from the Philosophies and Theories for Advanced Nursing textbook to use for your DNP Project
Grand Canyon University DQ 2: Select a nursing model or theory from the Philosophies and Theories for Advanced Nursing textbook to use for your DNP Project-Step-By-Step Guide
This guide will demonstrate how to complete the DQ 2: Select a nursing model or theory from the Philosophies and Theories for Advanced Nursing textbook to use for your DNP Project assignment based on general principles of academic writing. Here, we will show you the A, B, Cs of completing an academic paper, irrespective of the instructions. After guiding you through what to do, the guide will leave one or two sample essays at the end to highlight the various sections discussed below.
How to Research and Prepare for DQ 2: Select a nursing model or theory from the Philosophies and Theories for Advanced Nursing textbook to use for your DNP Project
Whether one passes or fails an academic assignment such as the Grand Canyon University DQ 2: Select a nursing model or theory from the Philosophies and Theories for Advanced Nursing textbook to use for your DNP Project depends on the preparation done beforehand. The first thing to do once you receive an assignment is to quickly skim through the requirements. Once that is done, start going through the instructions one by one to clearly understand what the instructor wants. The most important thing here is to understand the required format—whether it is APA, MLA, Chicago, etc.
After understanding the requirements of the paper, the next phase is to gather relevant materials. The first place to start the research process is the weekly resources. Go through the resources provided in the instructions to determine which ones fit the assignment. After reviewing the provided resources, use the university library to search for additional resources. After gathering sufficient and necessary resources, you are now ready to start drafting your paper.
How to Write the Introduction for DQ 2: Select a nursing model or theory from the Philosophies and Theories for Advanced Nursing textbook to use for your DNP Project
The introduction for the Grand Canyon University DQ 2: Select a nursing model or theory from the Philosophies and Theories for Advanced Nursing textbook to use for your DNP Project is where you tell the instructor what your paper will encompass. In three to four statements, highlight the important points that will form the basis of your paper. Here, you can include statistics to show the importance of the topic you will be discussing. At the end of the introduction, write a clear purpose statement outlining what exactly will be contained in the paper. This statement will start with “The purpose of this paper…” and then proceed to outline the various sections of the instructions.
How to Write the Body for DQ 2: Select a nursing model or theory from the Philosophies and Theories for Advanced Nursing textbook to use for your DNP Project
After the introduction, move into the main part of the DQ 2: Select a nursing model or theory from the Philosophies and Theories for Advanced Nursing textbook to use for your DNP Project assignment, which is the body. Given that the paper you will be writing is not experimental, the way you organize the headings and subheadings of your paper is critically important. In some cases, you might have to use more subheadings to properly organize the assignment. The organization will depend on the rubric provided. Carefully examine the rubric, as it will contain all the detailed requirements of the assignment. Sometimes, the rubric will have information that the normal instructions lack.
Another important factor to consider at this point is how to do citations. In-text citations are fundamental as they support the arguments and points you make in the paper. At this point, the resources gathered at the beginning will come in handy. Integrating the ideas of the authors with your own will ensure that you produce a comprehensive paper. Also, follow the given citation format. In most cases, APA 7 is the preferred format for nursing assignments.
How to Write the Conclusion for DQ 2: Select a nursing model or theory from the Philosophies and Theories for Advanced Nursing textbook to use for your DNP Project
After completing the main sections, write the conclusion of your paper. The conclusion is a summary of the main points you made in your paper. However, you need to rewrite the points and not simply copy and paste them. By restating the points from each subheading, you will provide a nuanced overview of the assignment to the reader.
How to Format the References List for DQ 2: Select a nursing model or theory from the Philosophies and Theories for Advanced Nursing textbook to use for your DNP Project
The very last part of your paper involves listing the sources used in your paper. These sources should be listed in alphabetical order and double-spaced. Additionally, use a hanging indent for each source that appears in this list. Lastly, only the sources cited within the body of the paper should appear here.
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DNP 815 Topic 2 DQ 2
Select a nursing model or theory from the Philosophies and Theories for Advanced Nursing textbook to use for your DNP Project. What are the key concepts and components of the nursing theory that you selected and how are they defined? Create an example describing the application to an area of your DNP Project. Provide examples and literature support.
Sample Answer for DQ 2: Select a nursing model or theory from the Philosophies and Theories for Advanced Nursing textbook to use for your DNP Project
The first strength of the leadership theory is that there is follower inclusivity whereby, once the employees see the leader’s dedication, they will follow them. There is the discouragement of unproductive behavior (Burkus, 2020). When the leader serves the employees well, they, in turn, offer customer satisfaction. Secondly, there is a positive work environment as the leader supports and builds a shared goal (Whitney, 2018). Another strength is that servant leadership helps boost morale in an organization. Contrarily, there are weaknesses to the theory; the first weakness is that it is challenging to explain and communicate the concept of servant leadership (Burkus, 2020). The next one is that retaining servant leaders in the healthcare system is challenging and time-consuming. Another weakness is that followers view servant leaders as weak; therefore, it may be hard to heed their rules (Burkus, 2020). Servant leadership is hard to achieve as it requires an individual with high authenticity levels.
Sample Answer 2 for DQ 2: Select a nursing model or theory from the Philosophies and Theories for Advanced Nursing textbook to use for your DNP Project
For my DNP project, I selected the theory of Crosby on his attention to transforming the quality culture in the field of quality management. Crosby’s theory emphasized the importance of systems knowledge and improvement, failure of inspection, and the importance of statistical quality control with four basic absolutes or concepts of a quality improvement process (Butts & Rich, 2018).
The first absolute is “the definition of quality is conformance to requirements” where management has the basic tasks of establishing the requirements (Butts & Rich, 2018). The direct practice improvement that I’m working on is the prevention of central venous catheter (CVC) infection for patients receiving hemo
dialysis patients. The second absolute is “the system of quality is prevention” where prevention is successful when key processes are understood (Butts & Rich, 2018). Central Line-Associated Blood Stream Infections (CLABSI) is a highly prevalent problem that only through established protocol adherence, and best practices can reduce infections.
The third absolute is that “the performance standard is zero defect” (Butts & Rich, 2018). One of the clinical
measures of The End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) Quality Improvement Program (QIP) is zero infection. This metric can be preventable with surveillance, proper aseptic technique, and management strategies. Mitigating risks and brainstorming solutions establish a culture of safety. The fourth absolute is “the measurement of quality is the price of nonconformance” (Butts & Rich, 2018). The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) administers ESRD QIP to promote high-quality services in renal dialysis facilities and reduce payments for those who do not meet or exceed performance standards.
Quality management is a key element allowing operational performance improvement, product quality, and organizational performance (Negron, 2020). As doctoral-prepared nurses in dynamic roles, we are poised to interface and simultaneously lead within our professional sphere.
References
Butts, J.B., & Rich, K.L. (2018). Philosophies and theories for advanced nursing practice (3rd ed.) Jones & Barlett Learning.
Negron, L.A. (2020). Relationship between quality management practices, performance and maturity quality management, a contingency approach. Quality Management Journal, 27 (4), 215-228.
https://doi.org/10.1080/10686967.2020.1809582
Sample Answer 3 for DQ 2: Select a nursing model or theory from the Philosophies and Theories for Advanced Nursing textbook to use for your DNP Project
Great job on your post. I really like your project idea as infection is a major concern when it comes to central venous catheters. In a study done by Xiong and Chen in 2018, it was shown that better compliance, even in the eighty percent range, leads to a decrease in CVC infections (Xiong & Chen, 2018). But prior to this, proper education on what to comply with is absolutely necessary. I remember a few years ago there was a huge push on increasing foley catheter education to increase sterile practice compliance and thus decrease UTIs amongst hospitalized clients. This is similar to what I see your project doing. I am excited to see the results and I wish you all the best.
References
Xiong, Z., & Chen, H. (2018). Interventions to reduce unnecessary central venous catheter use to prevent central-line-associated bloodstream infections in adults: A systematic review. Infection control and hospital epidemiology, 39(12), 1442–1448. https://doi.org/10.1017/ice.2018.250
Sample Answer 4 for DQ 2: Select a nursing model or theory from the Philosophies and Theories for Advanced Nursing textbook to use for your DNP Project
I know many of us in our profession seeks to improve quality of care provided to the patient. I believe CVC infections are a low hanging fruit and we can definitely prevent these. Preventing nosocomial infections pose a great challenge in ICU, because of the multi-drug resistant organisms treated with broad-spectrum antibiotics. Clinical practice guidelines from various organizations are available for prevention of vascular catheter related infections. one of the most convenient and cost effective way if to perform adequate hand hygiene. Hand Hygiene prevents the transmission of pathogens and is a universal strategy to prevent all nosocomial infections. There is a risk of acquiring a blood stream infection both during the insertion and maintenance care of CVCs.
Myatra S. N. (2019). Improving Hand Hygiene Practices to Reduce CLABSI Rates: Nurses Education Integral for Success. Indian journal of critical care medicine : peer-reviewed, official publication of Indian Society of Critical Care Medicine, 23(7), 291–293. https://doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10071-23200
Sample Answer 5 for DQ 2: Select a nursing model or theory from the Philosophies and Theories for Advanced Nursing textbook to use for your DNP Project
Nursing theory is ultimately the product of nursing practice. It is used to guide practice and close knowledge gaps. The theory that I will use from the Philosophies and Theories for Advanced Nursing textbook that I will use for my DNP project is Virginia Henderson’s Needs Theory. Butts (2018), does a great job discussing this theory. I loved when she proclaimed that Virginia Henderson believed that the beauty of nursing is the combination of your heart, your head and your hands and where you separate them, you diminish them. Some of the other key elements of this theory are defined within 14 components set up by the theorist.
Below the 14 components are broken down by its component category. The 14 components are built with the Maslowes Hierichy of needs in mind. Gonzalo (2022), does an amazing job placing them in their correct component category.
Physiological Components
- 1. Breathe normally
- 2. Eat and drink adequately
- 3. Eliminate body wastes
- 4. Move and maintain desirable postures
- 5. Sleep and rest
- 6. Select suitable clothes – dress and undress
- 7. Maintain body temperature within normal range by adjusting clothing and modifying environment
- 8. Keep the body clean and well-groomed and protect the integument
- 9. Avoid dangers in the environment and avoid injuring others
Psychological Aspects of Communicating and Learning
- 10. Communicate with others in expressing emotions, needs, fears, or opinions.
- 14. Learn, discover, or satisfy the curiosity that leads to normal development and health and use the available health facilities.
Spiritual and Moral
- 11. Worship according to one’s faith
Sociologically Oriented to Occupation and Recreation
- 12. Work in such a way that there is a sense of accomplishment
- 13. Play or participate in various forms of recreation
Henderson’s Needs Theory can be applied to nursing practice as a way for nurses to set goals based on Henderson’s 14 components. Meeting the goal of achieving the 14 needs of the client can be a great basis to further improve one’s performance towards nursing care. In nursing research, each of her 14 fundamental concepts can serve as a basis for research, they can assist with meeting your patients needs throughout their care.
Despite advances in the science of cardiopulmonary resuscitation over the past several decades, the odds of neurologically intact survival from in-hospital cardiac arrest remain low. When cardiac arrest occurs, a patient’s survival depends on both the immediate recognition of the event (as each minute delay from the time of cardiac arrest to the initiation of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) corresponds to a 10% decrease in the likelihood of survival), as well as aggressive resuscitation in the form of CPR, mechanical ventilation, administration of cardioactive medications and electrical defibrillation. I see the needs theory applies to this as it helps us to understand the basic fundamental needs of the patient to stay alive. According to Clark (2016), facilities tend to overlook fundamental aspects of the preparedness gap to accurately apprehend the true nature of cardiac arrest teams. Hospitals aspire to the model of ‘high reliability teams’ in which team members have a high degree of familiarity with each other and with their individual roles, and in which the leadership structure is mutually understood. They need to understand basic principles and the needs of their patients pre code to avoid codes themselves.
Kurt Lewin defined a change theory in the 1940’s. Lewin’s model for change includes three steps (1) unfreezing, (2) moving, and (3) refreezing. Lewin’s concept of change is focused on change as a dynamic force in opposing directions (Butts & Rich, 2018). The first stage of the change theory is unfreezing in which a person develops a method to assist in changing and redirecting an old process. This step may be challenging as individual resistance and conformity is difficult to attain. The second stage is change in which is a moving process that involves one’s feelings, behaviors, and thoughts. Lastly, the third stage is refreezing in which this change is now established as a new process and standard procedure. A person may be challenged to return to a past process if the refreezing stage is incomplete (Petiprin, 2020). This change theory enables support to nurses and guides discovery of both challenges and strengths of the change practice.
Organizational and departmental change are critical to advocate for patient safety and improvements for quality of care. This DNP learner is initiating a DPI project that includes adding an additional tool in the “quick look” area of the emergency department to screen patients with head injuries upon arrival. This tool will aid a nurse to make quick decisions and provide hand-off communication for patients that require STAT CT scans based on the results of the tool. The application of this process change requires involvement from employees and leadership in order to change practice. The Lewins Change Model is used for organizational change by involving frontline staff, knowledge sharing, and involving leadership in order to gain adherence to properly implement that change. Hussain et.al (2018) discovered that change can be highly encouraged by rewards, recognitions and use of a transformational leadership approach along with the change model.
Lewin’s Change Model has been used in many aspects of nursing within an emergency setting. Stahley et.al (2020) describe the process of using Lewin’s change theory to improve flow process. The change process focused on bed traffic control and flow in order to reduce door-to-provider, door-to-discharge, left without being seen, and patient satisfaction. All these goals were achieved by implementation of a pod system utilizing Lewin’s change theory. I look forward to addressing many of these issues with future DPI projects in the future.
Butts, J. B., & Rich, K. L. (Eds.). (2018). Philosophies and theories for advanced nursing practice (3rd ed.). Jones & Bartlett. ISBN-13: 9781284112245
Hussain, S. T., Lei, S., Akram, T., Haider, M. J., Hussain, S. H., & Ali, M. (2018). Kurt Lewin’s change model: A critical review of the role of leadership and employee involvement in organizational change. Journal of Innovation & Knowledge, 3(3), 123–127. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jik.2016.07.002
Sample Answer 6 for DQ 2: Select a nursing model or theory from the Philosophies and Theories for Advanced Nursing textbook to use for your DNP Project
The main reason Dorothea Orem introduced her theory was the desire to improve the quality of nursing in hospitals. In such a way, she offered a simple though effective paradigm assuming that there should be another perspective on the provision of care to patients that is focused on the necessity to create conditions beneficial for the emergence of the interest in self-care and engagement in similar activities that can help to avoid further complications and attain significant success (Orem, 2018). The importance of the given theory can be evidenced by the fact that it remains relevant to modern nursing and numerous specialists take it as the guide for their actions. Dorothea Orem’s self-care deficit theory addresses a wide variety of concepts. The theory basically, specifies when nurses are needed “the purpose of nursing is to help people meet their self-care needs.” Orem believes that nurses do for others what they cannot do for themselves (Hood, 2018). The theory consists of five key concepts: self-care, self-care deficit, self-care requisites, self-care demand, and agency. Orem’s theory of nursing has three parts that focus on a human being. The theory of self-care focuses on the individual, self-care deficit has a focal point of view of you and me, and the nursing system theory focuses on human beings and community. Orem’s theory basically puts the patient in charge of their initial care. Orem defines self-care as the “voluntary regulation of one’s own human functioning and development that is necessary for individuals to maintain life, health, and well-being” (Hood, 2018). As people mature, they adapt and learn to care for themselves.
Developmental state, age, and their overall health affects it also. Their family customs, culture, and society help determine individual self-care as well. Nurses are there to care for the individual when they are unable, and to teach them the skills to use to care for themselves correctly. The self-care requisites theory is concerned with the physical, personal, psychological, and social aspects of health. These are inseparable in humans and combine for a holistic approach. The ability to care for oneself is dependent upon air water and food, a balance between physical activity and rest, limitations having social interactions, and being a functional and developing human that can try to prevent hazardous issues. Therapeutic self-care demands require one to design, implement, and evaluate a plan. The nursing system is an interpersonal unity that is formed by nurses, people who are studying to be nurses, and the relatives of the people who need nurses. (Khatiban, Shirani, Oshvandi, Soltanian, & Ebrahimian, 2018). People that cannot or do not have enough skills or supplies to care for themselves are candidates for nursing care. Orem uses the traditional medical approaches but sets aside a unique spot for nurses in health care. This theory has been used to develop the framework for nursing departments that handle chronic and acute care. Orem’s emphasis that a nurse does for a patient what they can’t do for themselves and teaches them or their significant other the skills they need to care for themselves fits within the field of medicine. It can be used in the hospital as well as outpatient, rehabilitation, and any situation that requires a patient or caregiver to care for or identify any complications that may arise that require them to consult with the physician.
This theory applies to my values and nursing practice because it is the basis and sole reason for wanting to become a nurse. Speaking about Orem’s theory, its relevance to nursing homes from the universal character of the discussed concepts and patients’ demands. Today, the healthcare sector is focused on the creation of continuity of care, meaning that all individuals should be provided with assistance at different periods of their lives to minimize the development of undesired conditions and poor outcomes (Bagnasco et al., 2017). The given model also presupposes that there is a need for prophylactic, preliminary work, and special education for people to be able to monitor the state of their health. It coincides with the major Orem’s assumptions about the necessity of self-care activities as one of the factors guaranteeing positive results in populations and the decreased level of new problematic issues
References
Bagnasco, A., Watson, R., Zanini, M., Catania, G., Aleo, G., & Sasso, L. (2017). Developing a stoma acceptance questionnaire to improve motivation to adhere to enterostoma self-care. Journal of Preventive Medicine and Hygiene, 58(2).
Hood, L. J. (2018). Leddy & Pepper’s professional nursing (9th ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Wolters
Kluwer
Khatiban, M., Shirani, F., Oshvandi, K., Soltanian, A., & Ebrahimian, R. (2018). Orem’s self-care model with trauma patients: A quasi-experimental study. Nursing Science Quarterly, 31(3), 272-278.
Orem, D. (2018). Nursing concepts of practice. St. Louis, MO: Mosby.