ENMT 301 Environment And Ecosystems Principles Final Exam

Question 1What is/are vital function(s) of soil? (Check all that apply.)

Question options:

Regulate water flow through hydrologic cycle

Transport nutrients into streams and lakes

Facilitate breakdown of pollutants

Provide support for plants and structures

Indefinitely store nutrients

Question 2Which of the following characterizes a symbiotic relationship? (Check all that apply.)

Question options:

a close interrelationship where both species benefit

a close interrelationship where one species benefits, and the other is not affected

a close interrelationship where one species benefits, and the other is adversely affected

an intimate relationship between members of two or more species

a relationship where two species partition the available resources

Question 3All forms of renewable energy come from one of the following three sources: (Check the three sources that apply.)

Question options:

Sunlight

Heat of the earth’s crust

Earthquakes

Gravitational attraction of moon and sun

Water pressure

Question 4What are the factors determining food security? (Check all that apply.)

Question options:

food availability

food utilization

food access

food production

food demand

Question 5Excessive removal of groundwater can result in: (Check all that apply.)

Question options:

land subsidence

drying wetlands

groundwater desalinization

saltwater intrusion

dropping water tables

Question 6Which of the following are examples of environmental indicators? (Check all that apply.)

Question options:

Water quality

Extinction rate

Land use change

Gross domestic product

Household income

Question 7Which of the following is true for Type III survivorship? (Check all that apply.)

Question options:

The probability of survival decreases with age.

The probability of survival increases with age.

Death occurs primarily in older individuals in this category.

Organisms in this category typically have a large number of offspring but provide only little parental care.

Organisms in this category typically have a small number of offspring and provide a high amount of parental care.

Question 8Which of the following are potential causes for bias in a scientific research study? (Check all that apply.)

Question options:

Funding from special interest groups

Independent peer-review process

Political views of scientist

Pressure to publish data for promotion

Collaboration of several scientists with different backgrounds and affiliations

Question 9Which of the following features is typical of K-selected species?

Question options:

late reproduction.

small body size.

early maturity.

short life span.

large broods.

Question 10What does carbon neutrality mean?

Question options:

That no carbon dioxide is produced in a process

That no carbon dioxide is absorbed in a process

No net carbon dioxide emission from a process

The carbon released from a process does not impact anything

The carbon absorbed from a process does not impact anything

Question 11Put the following historical views of the environment in the correct chronological sequence (from past to present).

___ Earth Day celebrant: demonstrates support of environmental quality by planting trees

___ Global environmental citizen: recognizes that the human race is part of a global ecosystem and that human quality of life and ecosystem quality are linked.

___ Preservationists: protecting resources based on the belief that all life deserves respect and consideration.

____ Conservationist: protecting resources to conserve them for their usefulness for people.

___ Frontier attitude: desire to conquer and exploit nature as quickly as possible.

Question 12

Education, labor skills, and health are considered:

Question options:

natural capital

economic capital

social capital

human capital

political capital

Question 13What are some methods to prevent non-point source pollution? (Check all that apply.)

Question options:

Sediment traps

Limit use of fertilizers and pesticides

Use the storm sewer to dispose of chemicals

Keep yard wastes of sidewalks and streets.

Install a septic system

Question 14Which of the following processes play an important role in the phosphorus cycle? (Check all that apply.)

Question options:

Erosion

Fixation

Combustion

Cellular respiration

Weathering

Question 15Which of the following is true of highly developed countries? (Check all that apply.)

Question options:

a list would include Canada, Australia, and Norway

have high fertility rates

have very low infant mortality rates

have shorter life expectancies than less developed countries

have low rates of population growth

have high rates of population growth

Question 16What are characteristics of sustainable production? (Check all that apply.)

Question options:

just-in-time manufacturing

large warehouses for product storage

resource efficiency

green product design

life-cycle design to include product disposal

Question 17The energy released in the burning of biomass fuels: (Check all that apply.)

Question options:

originated as solar energy.

was stored as chemical energy in plant tissues or animal waste products.

was initially converted from solar energy to chemical energy by the process of cellular respiration.

is converted into electricity more efficiently that other renewable energy sources.

is one of the oldest fuels known to humans.

Question 18What factors influence the risk management process? (Check all that apply.)

Question options:

Costs-benefit considerations

Existing laws and court rulings

Income level and social conditions

Technological options

Political and public opinion

Question 19Water pollution problems in the Chesapeake Bay are caused by: (Check all that apply.)

Question options:

fertilizer runoff

livestock operation runoff

urban runoff

sewage treatment plan discharge

dumping of industrial chemicals into the bay

Question 20The ocean conveyor belt affects: (Check all that apply.)

Question options:

The nitrogen cycle

Albedo

Storage of carbon dioxide and heat in the ocean

Regional and possibly global climate

Surface water currents

Question 21What is true about fossil fuels? (Check all that apply.)

Question options:

Fossil fuels have fueled economic development since the Industrial Revolution.

Over two thirds of the world’s energy is supplied by fossil fuels.

Non-renewability is not a concern with fossil fuels.

Fossil fuel resources are evenly distributed around the globe.

A major concern related to fossil fuels is carbon dioxide emissions.

Question 22The average time a molecule spends in its reservoir is known as:

Question options:

resilience time

reservoir time

residence time

storage time

cycling duration

Question 23Which of the following activities makes the human species significant agents of environmental change on earth? (Check all that apply.)

Question options:

generation of toxic waste

burning fossil fuels

depleting fresh-water resources

eradicating unique species

polluting water and air

Question 24Rank the following waste management options in order from the most preferred to the least preferred option:

___ Disposal in a Sanitary Landfill

___ Reuse

____ Waste Minimization

___ Recycling

___ Incineration with Energy Recovery

Question 25 Environmental sustainability implies: (Check all that apply.)

ENMT 301 Environment And Ecosystems Principles Final Exam

Question options:

the actions of humans directly impacting the wellbeing of the natural environment

future generations will have the resources necessary for quality of life

natural resource management focused on economic profits

a shared global responsibility for conservation practices

the environment can function indefinitely without going into a decline from the stresses imposed by *human society on natural systems

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ADDITIONAL INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE CLASS

Discussion Questions (DQ)

Initial responses to the DQ should address all components of the questions asked, include a minimum of one scholarly source, and be at least 250 words.

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Successful responses are substantive (i.e., add something new to the discussion, engage others in the discussion, well-developed idea) and include at least one scholarly source.

One or two sentence responses, simple statements of agreement or “good post,” and responses that are off-topic will not count as substantive. Substantive responses should be at least 150 words.

I encourage you to incorporate the readings from the week (as applicable) into your responses.

Weekly Participation

Your initial responses to the mandatory DQ do not count toward participation and are graded separately.

In addition to the DQ responses, you must post at least one reply to peers (or me) on three separate days, for a total of three replies.

Participation posts do not require a scholarly source/citation (unless you cite someone else’s work).

Part of your weekly participation includes viewing the weekly announcement and attesting to watching it in the comments. These announcements are made to ensure you understand everything that is due during the week.

APA Format and Writing Quality

Familiarize yourself with APA format and practice using it correctly. It is used for most writing assignments for your degree. Visit the Writing Center in the Student Success Center, under the Resources tab in LoudCloud for APA paper templates, citation examples, tips, etc. Points will be deducted for poor use of APA format or absence of APA format (if required).

Cite all sources of information! When in doubt, cite the source. Paraphrasing also requires a citation.

I highly recommend using the APA Publication Manual, 6th edition.

Use of Direct Quotes

I discourage overutilization of direct quotes in DQs and assignments at the Masters’ level and deduct points accordingly.

As Masters’ level students, it is important that you be able to critically analyze and interpret information from journal articles and other resources. Simply restating someone else’s words does not demonstrate an understanding of the content or critical analysis of the content.

It is best to paraphrase content and cite your source.

LopesWrite Policy

For assignments that need to be submitted to LopesWrite, please be sure you have received your report and Similarity Index (SI) percentage BEFORE you do a “final submit” to me.

Once you have received your report, please review it. This report will show you grammatical, punctuation, and spelling errors that can easily be fixed. Take the extra few minutes to review instead of getting counted off for these mistakes.

Review your similarities. Did you forget to cite something? Did you not paraphrase well enough? Is your paper made up of someone else’s thoughts more than your own?

Visit the Writing Center in the Student Success Center, under the Resources tab in LoudCloud for tips on improving your paper and SI score.

Late Policy

The university’s policy on late assignments is 10% penalty PER DAY LATE. This also applies to late DQ replies.

Please communicate with me if you anticipate having to submit an assignment late. I am happy to be flexible, with advance notice. We may be able to work out an extension based on extenuating circumstances.

If you do not communicate with me before submitting an assignment late, the GCU late policy will be in effect.

I do not accept assignments that are two or more weeks late unless we have worked out an extension.

As per policy, no assignments are accepted after the last day of class. Any assignment submitted after midnight on the last day of class will not be accepted for grading.

Communication

Communication is so very important. There are multiple ways to communicate with me:

Questions to Instructor Forum: This is a great place to ask course content or assignment questions. If you have a question, there is a good chance one of your peers does as well. This is a public forum for the class.

Individual Forum: This is a private forum to ask me questions or send me messages. This will be checked at least once every 24 hours.