GCU NUR 550 Translation Research and Population Health Management Week 1 and 4 Assignment
Grand Canyon University GCU NUR 550 Translation Research and Population Health Management Week 1 and 4 Assignment-Step-By-Step Guide
This guide will demonstrate how to complete the Grand Canyon University GCU NUR 550 Translation Research and Population Health Management Week 1 and 4 Assignment assignment based on general principles of academic writing. Here, we will show you the A, B, Cs of completing an academic paper, irrespective of the instructions. After guiding you through what to do, the guide will leave one or two sample essays at the end to highlight the various sections discussed below.
How to Research and Prepare for GCU NUR 550 Translation Research and Population Health Management Week 1 and 4 Assignment
Whether one passes or fails an academic assignment such as the Grand Canyon University GCU NUR 550 Translation Research and Population Health Management Week 1 and 4 Assignment depends on the preparation done beforehand. The first thing to do once you receive an assignment is to quickly skim through the requirements. Once that is done, start going through the instructions one by one to clearly understand what the instructor wants. The most important thing here is to understand the required format—whether it is APA, MLA, Chicago, etc.
After understanding the requirements of the paper, the next phase is to gather relevant materials. The first place to start the research process is the weekly resources. Go through the resources provided in the instructions to determine which ones fit the assignment. After reviewing the provided resources, use the university library to search for additional resources. After gathering sufficient and necessary resources, you are now ready to start drafting your paper.
How to Write the Introduction for GCU NUR 550 Translation Research and Population Health Management Week 1 and 4 Assignment
The introduction for the Grand Canyon University GCU NUR 550 Translation Research and Population Health Management Week 1 and 4 Assignment is where you tell the instructor what your paper will encompass. In three to four statements, highlight the important points that will form the basis of your paper. Here, you can include statistics to show the importance of the topic you will be discussing. At the end of the introduction, write a clear purpose statement outlining what exactly will be contained in the paper. This statement will start with “The purpose of this paper…” and then proceed to outline the various sections of the instructions.
How to Write the Body for GCU NUR 550 Translation Research and Population Health Management Week 1 and 4 Assignment
After the introduction, move into the main part of the GCU NUR 550 Translation Research and Population Health Management Week 1 and 4 Assignment assignment, which is the body. Given that the paper you will be writing is not experimental, the way you organize the headings and subheadings of your paper is critically important. In some cases, you might have to use more subheadings to properly organize the assignment. The organization will depend on the rubric provided. Carefully examine the rubric, as it will contain all the detailed requirements of the assignment. Sometimes, the rubric will have information that the normal instructions lack.
Another important factor to consider at this point is how to do citations. In-text citations are fundamental as they support the arguments and points you make in the paper. At this point, the resources gathered at the beginning will come in handy. Integrating the ideas of the authors with your own will ensure that you produce a comprehensive paper. Also, follow the given citation format. In most cases, APA 7 is the preferred format for nursing assignments.
How to Write the Conclusion for GCU NUR 550 Translation Research and Population Health Management Week 1 and 4 Assignment
After completing the main sections, write the conclusion of your paper. The conclusion is a summary of the main points you made in your paper. However, you need to rewrite the points and not simply copy and paste them. By restating the points from each subheading, you will provide a nuanced overview of the assignment to the reader.
How to Format the References List for GCU NUR 550 Translation Research and Population Health Management Week 1 and 4 Assignment
The very last part of your paper involves listing the sources used in your paper. These sources should be listed in alphabetical order and double-spaced. Additionally, use a hanging indent for each source that appears in this list. Lastly, only the sources cited within the body of the paper should appear here.
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Sample Answer for GCU NUR 550 Translation Research and Population Health Management Week 1 and 4 Assignment
The selected nursing issue for the evidence-based practice (EBP) project is medication errors in nursing that happen due to staffing shortage. Medication errors are a significant problem in healthcare sector, especially at this time when there is nursing shortage and high nurse turnovers. With reduced number of nurses working in the healthcare sector, the susceptibility of patients to medication errors increases, particularly adverse drug events that can lead to death and prolonged stays in hospitals (Buerhaus et al., 2017). The project will focus on the effectiveness of implementation of health information technology compared to the conventional ways of medication management to mitigate medication errors in critically ill patients. The selection of critically ill patients as the population of interest emanates from their increased vulnerability to injuries that need high-risk medication and more use of intravenous infusions which raises the possibility of medication errors. Health information technology can play an essential role in enhancing efficiency of nurses to offer required care and reduce medication errors.
Comparing research designs is essential to enhancing better understanding of the application and nature. Through effective understanding, nurses can apply evidence-based research into clinical practice to address issues and offer improve patient care. As such, the translational research graphic organizer compares one translational study to quantitative study, and one translational study to qualitative study.
Comparison 1: Translational Research vs. Qualitative Research
| Criteria | Peer-Reviewed Translational Article and Permalink/Working Link:
Härkänen, M., Vehviläinen-Julkunen, K., Murrells, T., Rafferty, A. M., & Franklin, B. D. (2019). Medication administration errors and mortality: incidents reported in England and Wales between 2007 ̶ 2016. Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy, 15(7), 858-863. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sapharm.2018.11.010 Translational Research Type: T2
|
Peer-Reviewed Traditional Article and Permalink/Working Link:
Barakat, S. & Franklin, B. D. (2020). An Evaluation of the Impact of Barcode Patient and Medication Scanning on Nursing Workflow at a UK Teaching Hospital. Pharmacy (Basel), 8(3):148. doi: 10.3390/pharmacy8030148 Traditional Qualitative Research Type: Observational Research |
Observations (Similarities/Differences) |
| Methodology | The researchers reported cases between 2007 and 2016 from the National Reporting and Learning System for England and Wales. The article also analyzes the deaths reported and categorizes drugs based on various parameters that include, year, age, location, and category of error using incidents’ initial classification. | The study was a comparative research with direct observation approach used in the two settings within acute surgical wards in UK hospital. | In both studies, the researchers use hypotheses to understand the phenomena under study. In both studies, the researchers actively participate in the research process.
However, researchers can manipulate the outcomes and research design in qualitative study but cannot in translational research. |
| Goals | The study’s goals include analysis of medication administration errors reported in acute care that led to death, know the involved drugs, and offer a description of administration error features like location type of error and patient age. | The authors assert that little is known about the use of barcode medication administration. Therefore, the researchers sought to evaluate the effects of barcode patient and medication scanning on nursing flow at a teaching hospital in the UK. | In both studies, the researchers’ focus is to improve practice interventions on the issue of medication administration errors.
Conversely, the translational research’s main focus is to enhance practice and not produce new knowledge. In this case, the translational research article seeks to improve reporting and knowledge about the effects of medication errors. However, the qualitative research seeks new knowledge about the use barcode scanning. |
| Data Collection | The authors collected data from incident reporting in acute care setting. The data came from the National Reporting and Learning System of England and Wales. | The researchers collected data on drug rounds through observation on different parameters that include duration, timelines of medication administration, identity of patients, verification of medications and the overall workflow patterns in the two facilities. | Both collect data from different sources. However, qualitative study uses primary data collected through observation while the translational study uses secondary data from the reporting mechanism used in England and Wales. |
Comparison 2: Translational Research vs. Quantitative Research
| Criteria | Peer-Reviewed Translational Article and Permalink/Working Link:
Flott, K., Nelson, D., Moorcroft, T., Mayer, E. K., Gage, W., Redhead, J. & Darzi, A. W. (2018). Enhancing Safety Culture Through Improved Incident Reporting: A Case Study in Translational Research, Health Affairs, 37(11). https://doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2018.0706 Translational Research Type: |
Peer-Reviewed Traditional Article and Permalink/Working Link:
Alomari, A., Sheppard-Law, S., Lewis, J. & Wilson, V. (2020). Effectiveness of Clinical Nurses’ interventions in reducing medication errors in a pediatric ward. The Journal of Clinical Nursing, 29(17-18): 3403-3413. https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.15374 Traditional Quantitative Research Type: Action Research (AR) three-phase study. |
Observations (Similarities/Differences) |
| Methodology | The article uses a case study approach to report on an initiative by two large healthcare organizations and providers on the effects of using a learning health systems cycle of interventions. | The article used a quantitative research method comprising of three phases of action research. The first phase focused on developing an overview of the medication practice while the second developed and implemented targeted interventions. The third phase evaluated the implemented interventions. | Both studies use unique methodologies based on the interests of the researchers. Both do not involve the researchers in designing the methodology and its implementation. |
| Goals | The goals of the study are enhancement of patient safety culture using improved reporting of incidents and learning to shape a more just organization culture. | The aims and objectives of the study was to evaluate the effects of bundle interventions that nurses can develop and implement to reduce medication administration error rates. The article also focused on enhancing nurses’ medication administration practice. | The translational study’s focus is to enhance patient safety culture through effective reporting. However, the quantitative study seeks developing new knowledge for nurses to reduce medication administration errors. The quantitative study also focuses on improving nurses’ understanding of the medication administration practice |
| Data Collection | The authors collected data from frontline-staff who implemented seven evidence-based interventions. Through observation, the researchers monitored and recorded reported incidents based on several indicators, including reported harms. | The researchers collected data from the six recruited clinical pediatric nurses as part of the action research team. Data collection comprised of medication incident data, medical policy audits using a questionnaire. | Both collect data from participants in different patient settings. Both show that data is an important part of any research as it validates the developed hypotheses. |
Conclusion
The articles from translational research and traditional research approaches show the effects of the different study approaches in gathering data and evidence on medication errors. The articles demonstrate the need for researchers to use research designs that will lead to enhanced and quality findings to translate into evidence-based practice interventions in clinical practice. The implication is that translational and traditional research approaches differ while also agree on certain aspects of research.
References
Alomari, A., Sheppard-Law, S., Lewis, J. & Wilson, V. (2020). Effectiveness of Clinical Nurses’ interventions in reducing medication
errors in a pediatric ward. The Journal of Clinical Nursing, 29(17-18): 3403-3413.
https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.15374
Barakat, S. & Franklin, B. D. (2020). An Evaluation of the Impact of Barcode Patient and Medication Scanning on Nursing Workflow
at a UK Teaching Hospital. Pharmacy (Basel), 8(3):148. doi: 10.3390/pharmacy8030148
Flott, K., Nelson, D., Moorcroft, T., Mayer, E. K., Gage, W., Redhead, J. & Darzi, A. W. (2018). Enhancing Safety Culture Through
Improved Incident Reporting: A Case Study in Translational Research, Health Affairs, 37(11).
https://doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2018.0706
Härkänen, M., Vehviläinen-Julkunen, K., Murrells, T., Rafferty, A. M., & Franklin, B. D. (2019). Medication administration errors
and mortality: incidents reported in England and Wales between 2007 ̶ 2016. Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy, 15(7), 858-863.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sapharm.2018.11.010
Sample Answer 2 for GCU NUR 550 Translation Research and Population Health Management Week 1 and 4 Assignment
Translational Research Graphic Organizer
| T1 research | T2 research | T3 research | Quantitative Research | Observations (Similarities/Differences) | |
| Methodology | Tests clinical effects and applicability of findings derived from basic research like social science, psychometrics, research epidemiology, and laboratory tests (Felege, Hahn & Hunter, 2016).
The research is demonstrated using human physiology, proof of concept, fist in humans and phase 1 clinical trials.
|
Investigators use controlled environments to test new interventions and come up with evidence-based guidelines and clinical applications (Kemp, 2019).
. |
Investigators explore how one can apply recommendations or guidelines in general practice.
Use delivery dissemination and diffusion research to move evidence-based guidelines into health practice (Kemp, 2019). .
|
It offers numerical data that has been synthesized using statistical and mathematical methods (Barnham, 2015).
The produced numerical data helps one predict the future expectations and make the required changes. |
Both quantitative and translational research are applicable to human subjects and clinical studies. Quantitative research tests diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of illness while translational research bridges science and practice (Barnham, 2015; Kemp, 2019). |
| Goals | To yield knowledge of human physiology and potential for intervention (Kemp, 2019).
To develop treatments and interventions. To translate basic research into research with humans. As an interface between basic research and clinical settings, it aims at understanding disease mechanisms and developing them into clinically relevant treatment regimens, diagnostics, and understandings that can be tested in humans (Kemp, 2019).
|
To provide information on interventions efficacy in optimal settings.
To test the effectiveness and efficacy of interventions and treatments. To foster routine clinical practice and health decision making by translating new clinical science and knowledge (Robert, 2017). To use information and insights obtained from basic, clinical and population health research to offer health services. |
To generate information about the application of interventions in real-world settings.
To disseminate and implement research to generate a system-wide change. To use evidence derived from clinical trials to come up with guidelines that are applied in patients seen routinely in practice (Robert, 2017).
|
To transform numerical data into usable statistics.
To come up with facts in research and uncover patterns from measurable data (Barnham, 2015).
|
Quantitative research carefully and pragmatically test a mature hypothesis in a controlled environment which aids in making discoveries and exploring ideas. It acts as a foundation for translational research and makes problems solvable.
T1, T2, and T3 aim at coming up with clinical and scientific findings that enhance community health, patient outcome and healthcare delivery (Parajuli, Bhattarai & Heera, 2018). The three are interlinked where T1 translates lab tests to clinical trials whereas T2 and T3 apply the clinical trials to the population. |
| Data Collection | Data is collected using case studied, observational studies as well as phase I and II clinical trials (Choi, Tubbs & Oskouian, 2018).
|
Data is obtained through activities like guidelines development, evidence synthesis, observational studies, and phase III clinical trials (Robert, 2017).
|
Activities include phase IV clinical trials, diffusion research, implementation research and dissemination research (Kemp, 2019).
|
Use of systematic observation, longitudinal studies, interviews, surveys, website interceptors, and online polls (Barnham, 2015).
|
A method of data collection used across is observation. It is used in T1 and T2 research as well as in quantitative research. Both translational and quantitative research tries to quantify data into substantial results (Parajuli, Bhattarai & Heera, 2018). The two features methods like clinical trials, interviews, and surveys that provide testable real data. |
References
Barnham, C. (2015). Quantitative and qualitative research: Perceptual foundations. International Journal of Market Research, 57(6), 837-854.
Choi, P. J., Tubbs, R. S., & Oskouian, R. J. (2018). The current trend of the translational research paradigm. Cureus, 10(3).
Felege, C., Hahn, E., & Hunter, C. (2016). Bench, bedside, curbside, and home: Translational research to include transformative change using educational research. Journal of Research Practice, 12(2), P1.
Kemp, L. (2019). Translational research: Bridging the chasm between new knowledge and useful knowledge. Handbook of Research Methods in Health Social Sciences, 367-389.
Parajuli, S. B., Bhattarai, P., & Heera, K. C. (2018). Translational research: Current status, challenges and future strategies in Nepal. Nepalese Heart Journal, 15(2), 3-8.
Robert, J. S. (2017). Is there a role for communication studies in translational research?. Review of Communication, 17(3), 214-223.
Week 1 Assignment
Translational Research Graphic Organizer
Use the “Translational Research Graphic Organizer Template” to compare three types of translational research with traditional (qualitative or quantitative) research. Make sure to include methodology, goals, and data collection in your organizer.
You are required to cite three to five sources to complete this assignment. Sources must be published within the last 5 years and appropriate for the assignment criteria and nursing content.
While APA style is not required for the body of this assignment, solid academic writing is expected, and documentation of sources should be presented using APA formatting guidelines, which can be found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center.
This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.
You are not required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite.
NUR550 Translation Research and Population Health Management
Week 4 Assignment
Benchmark – Part A: Population Health Research and PICOT Statement
In this course, you will be complete a 2-part assignment in which you conduct research about a population of focus, develop a PICOT statement, and write a Literature Review. The PICOT statement and Literature Review you write in this course can be used for your evidence-based practice project in the next course so be sure to select an issue you want to continue working on in your next course.
PICOT (Population/Problem, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome, and Time to achieve the outcome) is a method that helps clarify the qualities needed to create a good question out of a practice issue or problem affecting the population of focus. Additionally, the information derived from a good PICOT makes it easier to perform a literature search in order to find translational research sources that can be used to address the clinical problem.
Use a national, state or local population health care database to research indicators of disparity. Choose a mortality/morbidity indicator to identify a clinical problem or issue that you want to explore pertaining to a population of focus. Use this indicator to begin to formulate a PICOT and conduct research on the population.
Write a 750-1,000-word paper that analyzes your research and focuses on the population you have chosen. Describe the population’s demographics and health concerns, and explain how nursing science, health determinants, and epidemiologic, genomic, and genetic data may impact population health management for the selected population. Provide an overview of a potential solution for solving the health issue related to your population and the intended PICOT statement. Describe how the solution incorporates health policies and goals that support health care equity for the population of focus.
You are required to cite three to five sources to complete this assignment. Sources must be published within the last 5 years and appropriate for the assignment criteria and nursing content.
Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.
This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.
You are required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite. Please refer to the directions in the Student Success Center.
Sample Answer for GCU NUR 550 Translation Research and Population Health Management Week 1 and 4 Assignment
Nurses and other healthcare providers play an important role in the provision of care that promote optimum health of the diverse populations. They ensure that the mental health and wellbeing of the vulnerable populations are promoted through the provision of case-specific care. They also facilitate the creation of safe communities that support the mental health and wellbeing of those at risk. Therefore, this research paper explores the issue of post-traumatic stress disorder among African Americans and a PICOT question that can guide in addressing it.
Population Demographics
The population of focus in this clinical intervention is African Americans with post-traumatic stress disorder. The African Americans form a significant proportion of the population in America. According to statistics, the African Americans constitute about 41.4 million of the total population in America. This population translated into 12.7% of the whole population. It also makes them the second largest population of the minorities after the Hispanic/Latino population. The statistics also shows that a bigger percentage of the population of the African Americans reside in the South than in the North. The life expectancy of this population is estimated to be 76.1 years. Men are reported to have an estimated life expectancy of 72.9 years while women have 78.9 years. Their life expectancy is lower than that of the non-Hispanic whites that have a projected life expectancy of 79.8 years (OMH, n.d.). The health insurance coverage among them is also low. It is estimated that about 55.5% of the non-Hispanic blacks have a medical insurance coverage when compared to 75.4% in the non-Hispanic whites.
The Health Concern
The health concern of focus in this research that affects the African Americans in the US is post-traumatic stress disorder. According to a research by Hall-Clark et al., (2016) the prevalence rate of post-traumatic stress disorder is higher among African Americans when compared to individuals from other ethnic groups in America. This difference can be seen in the statistics that the lifetime prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder among them is 8.7% when compared to 7.4% in the whites. The statistics also reveal that the risk of developing the disease in African Americans is 1.2 times that of the whites (Hall-Clark et al., 2016). According to Sibrava et al., (2019), the clinical course of post-traumatic stress disorder in African Americans is worse when compared to that witnessed in individuals from other ethnicities. This can be seen in the literature review performed by the authors where there was chronic course of the disease among patients with post-traumatic stress disorder from African American origin. The worse clinical progress and outcomes among this population is attributed to the influence of factors that include socioeconomic disparities, high risk of traumatic stressors among them, enhanced exposure to assaultive violence, cultural differences, and overrepresentation in communities with high rates of crime, and pervasive marginalization in their societies (Sibrava et al., 2019). Therefore, the risk of functional and psychosocial disabilities among them is higher than in patients from other ethnicities in the state.
Nursing Science, Health Determinants, Epidemiologic and Genetic Data Impact on Health Management
Nurses have a critical role in promoting optimal health and wellbeing of the African American patients with post-traumatic stress disorder. They ensure that their knowledge in management of mental health disorders is utilized in promoting the recovery of these patients. They optimize the benefits of using both pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions in managing the disorder among them. Statistics have consistently shown that African Americans are highly at a risk of post-traumatic disorder due to the influence of factors such as genetics and environmental exposures (Ehlers & Hinkson, 2017). Therefore, nurses explore the ways in which these factors such as environmental influences can be transformed to minimize their risks alongside reducing the health impacts of the disease on the affected.
Potential Solution
The use of non-pharmacological interventions in combination with pharmacological approaches has been shown to increase the health outcomes of patients suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder. Generally, pharmacological interventions entail the administration of drugs such as antidepressants, antipsychotics, benzodiazepines, and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. However, the use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors has been approved for treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder in the US (Leiva-Bianchi et al., 2018). Besides these medications, incorporating non-pharmacological intervention such as psychotherapy has proven effective in optimizing the outcomes of treatment. For instance, methods such as the use of cognitive behavioral therapy have proven to promote recovery by preventing relapse and lowering severity of symptoms. Cognitive behavioral therapy has also been shown to be effective in treating post-traumatic stress disorder that is unresponsive to medical therapy alone. Nevertheless, the use of combined intervention has not been largely explored among African American patients with post-traumatic stress disorder (Akbarian et al., 2015). Therefore, this intervention aims at exploring the use of cognitive behavioral therapy with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors in the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder among African American patients. The PICOT statement would be as follows:
In African American patients suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder, will treatment with cognitive behavioral therapy in combination with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, lead to reduced severity in symptoms within ten months when compared to the use of selective reuptake inhibitors alone?
How the Solution Incorporates Health Policies and Goals
The intervention incorporates the policies of optimizing the health outcomes of the patients. It aims at ensuring that optimum goals of care are achieved with the use of combined therapy. Healthcare goals also include the elimination of disparities in healthcare. Therefore, the intervention seeks to promote equity in the outcomes of healthcare among African Americans. Lastly, the intervention aims at promoting active physical and psychosocial functioning of African American patients with post-traumatic stress disorder (Matthew, 2015). Through this, it eliminates inequalities in their ability to engage in activities that promote their socioeconomic development, hence, the promotion of equity among the affected.
References
Akbarian, F., Bajoghli, H., Haghighi, M., Kalak, N., Holsboer-Trachsler, E., & Brand, S. (2015). The effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy with respect to psychological symptoms and recovering autobiographical memory in patients suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder. Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment, 11, 395.
Ehlers, N., & Hinkson, L. R. (2017). Subprime health: Debt and race in U.S. medicine. Minneapolis, MN : University of Minnesota Press.
Hall-Clark, B., Sawyer, B., Golik, A., & Asnaani, A. (2016). Racial/ethnic differences in symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder. Current Psychiatry Reviews, 12(2), 124-138.
Leiva-Bianchi, M., Cornejo, F., Fresno, A., Rojas, C., & Serrano, C. (2018). Effectiveness of cognitive-behavioural therapy for post-disaster distress in post-traumatic stress symptoms after Chilean earthquake and tsunami. Gaceta sanitaria, 32, 291-296.
Matthew, D. B. (2015). Just medicine: A cure for racial inequality in American health care. New York : New York University Press.
OMH. (n,d.). Profile: Black/African Americans. Retrieved on 21st Jan. 2020 from https://www.minorityhealth.hhs.gov/omh/browse.aspx?lvl=3&lvlid=61
Sibrava, N. J., Bjornsson, A. S., Pérez Benítez, A. C. I., Moitra, E., Weisberg, R. B., & Keller, M. B. (2019). Posttraumatic stress disorder in African American and Latinx adults: Clinical course and the role of racial and ethnic discrimination. American Psychologist, 74(1), 101.