HLT 362 Topic 4 DQ 1 experimental, quasi-experimental, and nonexperimental research

Topic 4 DQ 1

Feb 20-22, 2023

Provide an example of experimental, quasi-experimental, and nonexperimental research from the GCU Library and explain how each research type differs from the others. When replying to peers, evaluate the effectiveness of the research design of the study for two of the examples provided.

Submitted on:

Feb 21, 2023, 9:32 AM

Yanet Moral Perez

Feb 22, 2023, 11:23 PM

Experimental Research: Bagarić et al. (2022) conducted an experimental research study to investigate the nocebo effect. This type of research involves manipulating a variable (in this case, expectations regarding potential side effects of a treatment) to assess its effect on another variable (in this case, the experience of side effects). Experimental research is distinguished from other types of research by its manipulation of the independent variable and its use of random assignment to groups.

Quasi-Experimental Research: Zhang et al. (2023) conducted a quasi-experimental research study to investigate the impact of distance education on nursing students’ course performance during the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. Quasi-experimental research is similar to experimental research in that it involves manipulation of an independent variable. However, quasi-experimental research does not involve random assignment to groups, which makes it less rigorous than experimental research.

Nonexperimental Research: Kippenbrock et al. (2022) conducted a nonexperimental research study to investigate job satisfaction among nursing faculty in Canada and the United States. Nonexperimental

HLT 362 Topic 4 DQ 1 experimental quasi experimental and nonexperimental research

research does not involve manipulation of a variable or random assignment to groups, and instead relies on existing data or information to draw conclusions.

Each type of research is different from another. Experimental research is a type of study in which the researcher has full control over the variables, manipulating them in a controlled environment to test a hypothesis or determine cause and effect. Quasi-experimental research is similar to experimental research but lacks the control of the variables. In this type of research, the researcher cannot control the environment or the variables, instead relying on natural occurrences to observe cause and effect. Non-experimental research is often conducted through surveys and interviews and does not involve manipulating any variables. This type of research focuses on describing the current behavior of a population or group rather than determining cause and effect.

References

Bagarić, B., Jokić-Begić, N., & Sangster Jokić, C. (2022). The Nocebo Effect: A Review of Contemporary Experimental Research. International Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 29(3), 255–265. https://doi-org.lopes.idm.oclc.org/10.1007/s12529-021-10016-y

Zhang, Y., Zhang, N., Liu, H., Kan, Y., & Zou, Y. (2023). The impact of distance education on nursing students course performance in a sino-foreign cooperative program during the onset of COVID-19: a quasi-experimental study. BMC Nursing, 22(1), 1–9. https://doi-org.lopes.idm.oclc.org/10.1186/s12912-022-01136-1

Kippenbrock, T., Rosen, C. C., & Emory, J. (2022). Job Satisfaction Among Nursing Faculty in Canada and the United States. Journal of Nursing Education, 61(11), 617–623. https://doi-org.lopes.idm.oclc.org/10.3928/01484834-20220912-03

Yosvani Ochoa Montiel

replied toYanet Moral Perez

Feb 23, 2023, 12:19 AM

Hi Yanet,

You have made a great comparison between the three types of research designs: experimental, quasi-experimental, and nonexperimental. Each design has its own strengths and weaknesses and is used for different purposes. For example, experimental research is used to assess cause-and-effect relationships, while quasi-experimental and nonexperimental research are used to describe existing behaviors. These research designs can be incorporated into health care settings in different ways. For instance, experimental research could be used to test the efficacy of treatments or interventions, such as a new medication or a new type of therapy. Quasi-experimental research can be used to investigate the effectiveness of policies or interventions, such as the impact of telemedicine on patient outcomes. Finally, nonexperimental research can be used to assess patient satisfaction with a particular health care setting or provider, or to assess the impact of a disease on a population. For example, Bhutani et al. (2020) used nonexperimental research to assess the impact of COVID-19 on hospital resources and patient outcomes in India. This type of research can provide valuable insight into the needs of a health care setting and the best ways to address those needs.

References

Bhutani, A., Jain, S., Prakash, S., & Singh, S. (2020). Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on hospital resources and patient outcomes in India: A nonexperimental research study. BMC Research Notes, 13(1), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-020-05269-y

Elda Pierre

replied toYosvani Ochoa Montiel

Feb 26, 2023, 4:01 PM

Hello yanet,

medical informatics, the quasi-experimental, sometimes called the pre-post intervention, design often is used to evaluate the benefits of specific interventions. The increasing capacity of health care institutions to collect routine clinical data has led to the growing use of quasi-experimental study designs in the field of medical informatics as well as in other medical disciplines. However, little is written about these study designs in the medical literature or in traditional epidemiology textbooks. In contrast, the social sciences literature is replete with examples of ways to implement and improve quasi-experimental studies.

In this paper, we review the different pretest-posttest quasi-experimental study designs, their nomenclature, and the relative hierarchy of these designs with respect to their ability to establish causal associations between an intervention and an outcome. The example of a pharmacy order-entry system aimed at decreasing pharmacy costs will be used throughout this article to illustrate the different quasi-experimental designs. We discuss limitations of quasi-experimental designs and offer methods to improve them. We also perform a systematic review of four years of publications from two informatics journals to determine the number of quasi-experimental studies, classify these studies into their application domains, determine whether the potential limitations of quasi-experimental studies were acknowledged by the authors, and place these studies into the above-mentioned relative hierarchy.

Mekhjian HS, Kumar RR, Kuehn L, Bentley TD, Teater P, Thomas A, et al. Immediate benefits realized following implementation of physician order entry at an academic medical center. J Am Med Inform Assoc. 2002;9:529–39.

· Laura Burkey

replied toYanet Moral Perez

Feb 23, 2023, 10:04 PM(edited)

Yanet,

Thank you for your excellent examples and explanations of the various research designs. As healthcare providers and leaders within our units, it is important that we can succinctly differentiate the differences and apply the varying methods appropriately. In your example of experimental research, you point out that Bagarić et al. (2022) manipulates the independent variable in randomized groups. It is important to also compare the control group to thoroughly explore the effects or lack thereof. Additionally, your example of non-experimental research by Kippenbrock et al., (2022) is a great example of the research method as well an example of qualitative research.

References

HLT 362 Topic 4 DQ 1 experimental, quasi-experimental, and nonexperimental research

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