NR 507 Week 4: Alterations in Renal and Urinary
NR 507 Week 4: Alterations in Renal and Urinary
I am also not a great fun of DNA and genetics. I read the chapter on epigenetics and disease. One process I found interesting is, gene silencing (Imprinting), in which genes are inevitably silenced, regulated on which parent transfers them (McCance, Huether, Brashers, & Rote, 2013). I also learnt that imprinted genes are densely methylated in comparison to the nonimprinted clone of the allele, which is usually not methylated (McCance et al., 2013). Disease of imprinting that is consorted with deletion of approximately four million base sets (Mb) of the protracted arm of chromosome 15 (McCance et al., 2013). When this genetic deletion is from the father, the child exhibits Prader-Willi syndrome, whose clinical representation includes, short height, loss of muscle tone, small upper and lower extremities, obesity, mild to modest mental retardation and hypogonadism (McCance et al., 2013). The same 4-Mb deletion passed down from the mother results in Angelman syndrome, which is distinguished by severe mental retardation, seizure, ataxic posture and spells of unsuppressed laughter (McCance et al., 2013). According to McCance (2013), these illnesses are both seen in one of every 15,000 live births and chromosome deletions are accountable for about 70 percent of cases in both illnesses
References
McCance, K. L., Huether, S. E., Brashers, V. L., & Rote, N. S. (2013). Pathophysiology: The biologic basis for disease in adults and children (7th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Mosby
from this week lesson, it was refreshing reviewing the anatomy and functions of the renal and urologic organs especially the kidneys (McCance, Huether, Brashers, & Rote, 2013). I gained more knowledge about various urinary tract infections, both descending and ascending infections. Renal disorders such as; Acute and chronic glomerulonephritis, acute tubular necrosis (ATN), their individual pathophysiology, and how they could both lead to kidney failure if not promptly and properly managed. I learned about the causes, stages, and clinical manifestations of both acute kidney injury and chronic kidney failure (McCance, Huether, Brashers, & Rote, 2013). Another notable important reminder from this week lesson was about the decrease in glomerular filtration rate with aging, hence as a medication prescriber, one must be mindful of drug dosing for the elderly population to avoid medication toxicity due to lack of clearance which may result in a sort of kidney damage and other complications (Chamberlain College of Nur
NR 507 Week 4 Alterations in Renal and Urinary
sing, 2018).
Finally, I also learn about different renal and urologic impairment in children some of which are congenital in origin.
References
Chamberlain College of Nursing. (2018). NR -507 week 4 alteration in renal function (online lesson). Downers Grove, IL. DeVry Education Group. Retrieved from https://chamberlain.instructure.com/courses/30057/pages/week- 4-lesson?module_item_id=3471558
McCance, K. L., Huether, S. E., Brashers, V. L., & Rote, N. S. (2013). Pathophysiology: The biologic basis for disease in adults and children (7th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Mosby.
This week our primary focus is on the renal system. I have always been fascinated with the renal system because it plays such a vital role in filtering out the unwanted substances in the blood stream and can affect all other body organs if the process is interrupted. In the healthcare field I feel it is very common to see renal diagnosis and complications of some diseases such as chronic renal disease. My grandmother had chronic renal disease and it was a long process that involved dialysis and many other health conditions as a result of the renal disease. One topic that I always find interesting in the renal system is obstruction such as kidney stones. While reading this week I found it interesting that depending on where the obstruction is located highly impacts the complications that arise. I have seen many individuals who have kidney stones present with severe flank pain, nausea, and vomiting. I have always found it interesting calcium is one of the main culprits of kidney stone formation. I have visualized a passed kidney stone before and was surprised that something so small can cause so much discomfort however, I have also visualized stones that I would have thought impossible to pass without surgical intervention. Healthcare continues to advance with treatment techniques to remove stones from the ureters of patients who will not be able to pass the stones on their own. I feel this is a very interesting topic along with all of the other great information learned this week in regards to the renal system. This week is also our midterm and I must admit I am very nervous to see the questions that will be asked. I have spent the week in an attempt to review all of the learned information and focus in on the study guide outline. I hope everyone succeeds and does great on the midterm and can continue our journeys to becoming advanced practice nurses.
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Reference
McCance, K. L., Huether, S. E., Brashers, V. L., & Rote, N. S. (2014). Pathophysiology: The biologic basis for disease in adults and children (7th ed.). St. Louis, Missouri: Mosby. Chapter 38.
This has been a very informative week as we gained a deeper understanding of the renal system, its pathophysiology, the different disorders that stem from the kidneys and their causes, and what we often see in the hospital as manifestations of acute and chronic kidney failure (McCance & Huether, 2014). The kidneys play a vital role in helping to maintain homeostasis within our bodies by regulating fluid volume and removing toxins and waste our bodies produce. They use many different mediators to help in this role including adenosine, natriuretic peptides, etc. which help to maintain renal blow and different functions of the kidneys such as diuresis (McCance & Huether, 2014). One of the procedures perfumed in my department quite often is a paracentesis where we drain ascitic fluid from a patient; while the main cause is usually directed at the liver, the kidneys can also be a culprit for this condition. Having a full understanding of the pathophysiology behind the renal system will help to educate and answer questions patients are having as to why this is happening, why the fluid “keeps coming back”, etc. I also appreciated the refresher on how the filtration rate starts to decline in aging patients; this is a major consideration in prescribing medications to elderly patients and how the effects of medication and their durations change because of having a reduced filtration rate (McCance & Huether, 2014).
McCance, K. L. & Huether, S. E. (2014). Structure and Function of the Renal and Urologic Systems, Pathophysiology: The biologic basis for disease in adults and children, seventh edition (1063-1068). St. Louis, Missouri: Elsevier Mosby