NRS 430 The nursing profession makes up the largest segment of the healthcare system

NRS 430 The nursing profession makes up the largest segment of the healthcare system

NRS 430 The nursing profession makes up the largest segment of the healthcare system

The nursing profession makes up the largest segment of the healthcare system. The profession has been continuously changing and evolving over the years to meet the increasing consumer demand, while at the same time improve the quality of care provided. On the other hand, nursing professional development is used to refer to the process of improving the quality of service delivery through continuous education and training. Through professional development, nurses can advance their careers and remain updated on the latest technology, techniques, and different ways of practice (Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, & Institute of Medicine, 2010). This paper will focus on discussing the Institution of Medicine’s (IOM) report that was published in 2010, and its impact on nursing practice.

There are so many sources that entail the life of Florence Nightingale. This version makes me envision Florence as a very inspiring accolade. Florence Nightingale refused to be married when she was 17 years old as she chose to answer her calling despite her parents being against enrolling as a nursing student at the Lutheran Hospital in Germany. Nightingale faced a cholera outbreak in an unsanitary environment when she returned from school to London and worked at Middlesex hospital. She worked hard to improve the environment’s sanitation, significantly decreasing the number of deaths. All the hard work eventually affected Nightingale’s health. The Crimean War happened between the British and Russian Empires, and many soldiers were admitted into military hospitals. There were not enough female nurses stationed at Crimea hospitals. England then was angry due to the neglect of the soldiers who had fallen ill and injured and lacked medical care due to insufficient caregivers leading to dreadful unsanitary, and inhumane conditions. Nightingale then was called to her calling despite barely recovering from her illness. She assembled a team of nurses and sailed them to Crimea. Nightingale and her nurses warned of the conditions they were about to face but were still unprepared for what they witnessed upon their arrival.

IOM Summary of Four Messages and Significance to Nursing Practice Top of Form

            The IOM 2010 report, acknowledges the fact that the United States has all it takes to advance the healthcare system by providing quality services which are seamless and relies on evidence, leading to improved care outcome. Four messages are put across in this report, which includes, (a) ensuring that nurses exploit their full educational and training potential when providing care services, (b) advancing nursing education and training by improving the education system, (c) preparing nurses to become full partners with other healthcare professionals hence having the opportunity in redesigning and improving the current healthcare system; and lastly, (d) improving the process of data collection which is essential in better planning and policy making (Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, & Institute of Medicine, 2010).

This report helps in revolutionizing nursing practice in several aspects. For instance, allowing nurses to exploit their full potentials helps in broadening the current limiting nurses’ scope of practice, hence the healthcare system can reap full benefits as a result of nursing training knowledge and skills inpatient care. Consequently, improving nursing education will help in attracting more students to take interest in the nursing profession, increasing overall the number of nurses in the United States (Kearney, 2019). Graduates will also yearn for more educations which will in turn increase the number of nursing specialists, improving the quality of care provision. The full partnership will help in enhancing teamwork in the healthcare system, while an improved data collection process will help in saving time and enhance the efficiency of patient care.

Influence of IOM on Education, Leadership, Benefits, and Opportunities for BSN-Prepared Nurses

            With the aging American population, the healthcare system is likely to face a high shortage of qualified nurses in the future. Consequently, the need to hire more nurses has been acknowledged over the years. However, this has not been able to take place due to the few numbers of professional nursing instructors. As such, the IOM reports the advancement of the education system, which will increase the number of bachelors of science in nursing (BSN) graduates. BSN graduates are more responsible, with better supervisory roles, hence making good leaders revolutionize the healthcare system. (Whitehead, Dittman, & McNulty, 2017) They will even enjoy several benefits such as more job opportunities and higher salaries. Lastly, BSN will also create room for achieving a higher level of education and professionalism at masters and doctoral levels, which are required for nurses to serve as primary healthcare providers, researchers, and nurse faculty.

Importance of the Evolution of the Education and Role of the Nurse to Meet the Needs of an Aging and Diverse Population

            Advanced aging and the diverse American population require a high level of expertise in patient care. Most of the aged patients suffer from chronic illnesses which require high-quality skills and knowledge for better care outcome. Consequently, the diverse population requires nurses with adequate knowledge and skills, such as better communication and a better understanding of different cultural norms and beliefs. As such, registered nurses, and nursing associates do not have the necessary qualifications in providing better care services for this population (Kearney, 2019). Hence the need for better education to increase the number of BSN who have the right competencies and qualifications to take care of this delicate population. Further educational advancement also gives room for specialist nurses who are needed to take care of patients with critical illnesses.

Significance of Professional Development, Lifelong Learning, in Relation to Diverse Populations Across the Life Span and Health-Illness Continuum

            The nursing profession is very challenging due to the continuous changes in information and ways of providing care. To keep up with the changes, there is a need to adopt a lifelong learning attitude for better professional development and improve the quality of care provided. Consequently, nurses encounter patients from different cultural backgrounds, different age groups, and diverse illnesses (Whitehead, Dittman, & McNulty, 2017). As such it becomes very hard to take care of such patients while relying primarily on the education that was gained before in graduate school. However, lifelong learning will help in keeping up with the3 current information and technology required in taking care of this diverse population.

Effectiveness of Nurses Managing Patient Care Within an Evolving Health Care System

            In the current healthcare system, nurses play a new role in care coordination from numerous providers, managing caseloads of individuals with intense healthcare needs, and helping patients transition to other healthcare settings or into their homes. Additionally, the evolving healthcare system has allowed nurses to work as “health coaches” with effective results both in illness prevention and health promotion (Famure et al., 2020). Lastly, new paths have been established for nurses in emerging fields such as informatics, telehealth, scientists, leaders, and genetics and genomics, which have improved the quality and efficiency of healthcare provision.

Description:

Review the Institute of Medicine’s 2010 report “The Future of Nursing: Leading Change, Advancing Health.” Write a 7501,000 word paper discussing the influence of the IOM report on nursing practice. Include the following:

1. Summarize the four messages outlined in the IOM report and explain why these are significant to nursing practice.
   2. Discuss the direct influence the IOM report has on nursing education and nursing leadership. Describe the benefits and opportunities for BSNprepared nurses.
   3. Explain why it is important that a nurse’s role and education evolve to meet the needs of an aging and increasingly diverse population.
   4. Discuss the significance of professional development, or lifelong learning, and its relevance in caring for diverse populations across the life span and within the healthillness continuum.
   5. Discuss how nurses can assist in effectively managing patient care within an evolving health care system.

Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.

This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.

You are required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite. Refer to theLopesWrite Technical Support articles for assistance.

Professional Development of Nursing Professionals SAMPLE

The Institute of Medicine (IOM) is an independent nongovernment organization that works to develop the nursing sector of the US by giving important nursing advice. Its opinions are highly regarded because they inform and influence legislative decisions. In 2010, the organization released an Institute of Medicine (IOM) report entitled The Future of Nursing: Leading Change, Advancing Health. The report gave three main recommendations, namely Transforming Practice, Transforming Education, and Transforming Leadership to bring in synergies and inculcate better practices and outcomes in the sector. This paper will review the content of the report and evaluate its relevance to the healthcare system.

The Four Main Messages

The Institute of Medicine (IOM) report of 2010 majorly focused on the future of nursing. It mirrored mostly on four issues, which formed the main messages of the report. First, the report urges that nurses should be allowed to practice to the full extent of their education and training. This will enable maximum exploitation of the potential of individual nurses for better health outcomes.  Secondly, the report advocates for the improvement of nursing education and training. It holds that the system should promote smooth academic progression to enable nurses to achieve higher levels of education and training in order to contribute maximally and sufficiently to the field. The third message is to enable a full partnership of nurses with physicians and other professionals. This will redesign the system to enable nurses to lead, build synergies, and improve efforts for better health outcomes. The fourth message calls for improved data collection and information infrastructure. This is intended to enable effective policymaking and workforce planning because reliable information informs decision-making (Institute of Medicine, 2010).

Influence of the IOM Report on Nursing Education and Leadership

The report takes on a revolutionary approach to address the issue of nurse education. It asserts that the nursing education system should be changed to enable the current and future nurses to deliver patient-centered, quality, and safe care in all settings (Shaia & Muasher, 2019). This move will address challenges associated with the current system such as nursing schools not having enough clinical placement and nurse faculty to accommodate all qualified nurses, irrelevance of the 20th century teaching techniques to the 21st century, few incentives for nurses to pursue further education, and lack of cooperation and collaboration among nursing professions (Institute of Medicine, 2010). In terms of leadership, the report portrays nurses as leaders. However, the training system does not equip nurses with enough skills as leaders. Nurses end up facing challenges in the field as they struggle with advocacy issues for their patients. Therefore, the report recommends the system to enable full partnership with physicians and other health professionals to enable their adequate participation in the health policy arena.

Topic 4 DQ 1

Description:

Outline the process for the development of nursing standards of practice for your state, including discussion of the entities involved in developing the standards of practice and how the standards of practice influence the nursing process for your areas of specialty.

Topic 4 DQ 2

Description:

Outline the concept of professional accountability as it pertains to nursing. Provide examples of how a nurse demonstrates professional accountability in clinical expertise, the nursing process, and evidence-based practice.

Topic 4 Participation

Description:

NA

Nurse Practice Act

Description:

Review the Nurse Practice Act of your home state. A copy of the Nurse Practice Act should be available on the website of your state’s board of nursing or nursing regulatory body.

List of Professional Associations

Description:

Explore the “List of Nursing Organizations,” located on the Nurse.org website.

American Nurses Credentialing Center

Description:

Explore the America Nurses Credentialing Center website. In particular, familiarize yourself with the resources describing standards of practice.

Dynamics in Nursing: Art and Science of Professional Practice

Description:

Read Chapter 4 in Dynamics in Nursing: Art and Science of Professional Practice.

The Future of Nursing: Leading Change, Advancing Health

Description:

Review “The Future of Nursing: Leading Change, Advancing Health,” by the Institute of Medicine (IOM) (2011).

Topic 4: Professional Accountability, Standards of Practice, and Professional Development

Description

Objectives:

1. Describe the impact of the 2010 IOM report on the nursing profession.
   2. Examine standards of practice within nursing practice.
   3. Define professional accountability in nursing practice.
   Study Materials

Course Code Class Code Assignment Title Total Points
NRS-430V NRS-430V-O503 Professional Development of Nursing Professionals 250.0

Criteria Percentage Unsatisfactory (0.00%) Less than Satisfactory (75.00%) Satisfactory (79.00%) Good (89.00%) Excellent (100.00%)
Content 80.0%

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People inhabit different socioeconomic backgrounds with varying resources, values, and cultures. These variations prompt considerable health-related differences, including access to care, people’s perception of health, and health promotion activities. Since variations in resources and geographical locations are the primary cause of health disparities, interventions to reduce them should be intensified at the local and national levels. Nurses should also embrace their role as health equity promoters and ensure all populations get the deserved healthcare services. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the significance of health equity in the National Academy of Medicine 2021 report, the impacts of social determinants of health, nurses’ role in equity promotion, and the significance of self-care.

The Significance of Healthy Equity in the National Academy of Medicine 2021 Report

Nurses play a pivotal role in advancing health by combining skills, expertise, and passion. Addressing health inequities to improve people’s health is among the highly stressed nurses’ roles. The National Academy of Medicine 2021 report explores nurses’ work in reducing health disparities and promoting equity into 2030 (National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, 2023). Other focus areas include nurses’ role in cost reduction and technology utilization to achieve the best possible care for patients and populations. To achieve these goals, the current healthcare system should educate, remunerate and employ adequate nurses to remove barriers to care, diversify the workforce, and empower nurses to address health equity issues (Wakefield et al., 2021). As the report underlines, achieving health equity ensures all populations live the healthiest life possible irrespective of where they live, income levels, and race, among other factors. In collaboration with the government and partners, the healthcare system should also prepare the next generation of nurses to promote health equity and ensure all populations receive quality healthcare services. A suitable way of achieving this goal is to revamp nursing education to ensure nurses understand all the social and environmental factors that cause disparities, how to collaborate with colleagues to address health equity issues, and care provision to diverse populations.

Social Determinants of Health

Social determinants of health (SDOH) significantly influence health outcomes across populations. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2022) described SDOH as the conditions where people are born, live, and work and other wider systems that shape daily life. Largely, SDOH are the nonmedical factors influencing population health outcomes. They include education, healthcare access and quality, social and community contexts, access to nutritious foods and safe housing. Economic and social policies are among the wider forces impacting people’s health. Regarding their impacts on health equity, access to healthy foods increases health disparities in the affected communities. People’s geographical locations, cultural norms, and income levels affect access to healthy foods. Lack of access to healthy foods implies poor nutrition, increasing the risk of obesity and diabetes (Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, 2023). Life expectancy also reduces in populations with poor access to healthy foods.

Role of the Nurse in Improving Health Equity and Impacting Social Needs

Nurses can use their position and influence to improve health equity and effectively address people’s multidimensional needs. In agreement with Oruche and Zapolski (2020), nurses can reduce health disparities by being increasingly committed to diversity, inclusion and breaking down barriers to health. In this case, they should ensure health resources are fairly distributed according to people’s diverse needs and that all patients are assisted to achieve their full health potential. The other critical nurse’s role is advocacy, which entails protecting patients’ rights and acting as their voice (Nsiah et al., 2019). While serving this role, nurses ensure no one faces discrimination when seeking care and that all patients can comfortably and safely interact with healthcare professionals. Importantly, nurses should partner with political and health stakeholders to advance health in the communities through education, screening, and other health-related activities. Such activities enable people to understand their health and social needs, advocate for them, and seek timely interventions to live healthily and productively.

Significance of Self-Care for Nursing Burnout and Strategies for Personal and Spiritual Health

Nurse burnout is prevalent in current settings and impedes nurses’ ability to provide high-quality care. Practicing self-care is crucial for nurses to reduce stress, increase their energy levels, and be better positioned to provide compassionate care (Kaple, 2023; Nilsson, 2022). Self-care ensures that nurses are optimally physically, mentally, and emotionally. Self-care strategies include regulating shift schedules, avoiding a high workload, building healthy relationships with co-workers, and exercising. Mindfulness and practicing spirituality are also highly recommended for nurses experiencing or at risk of burnout. To maintain personal and spiritual health, nurses should embrace mindfulness, meditative walking, and religious practices, such as prayers and reading religious books (Nilsson, 2022). These interventions provide nurses with the much-needed psychophysical balance and wellness to practice in stressful conditions. They also improve coping, which reduces job dissatisfaction, anxiety, and fatigue.

Conclusion

Nurses work in diverse settings and encounter patients with varying needs. Irrespective of these differences, nurses must strive to provide timely and satisfactory care as professionally mandated. The endeavor to promote health equity should be universal among nurses to ensure all populations can achieve the best possible care. Besides, nurses should practice self-care through meditation, exercises, mindfulness, and spirituality. Self-care enables them to cope with nurse burnout hence high productivity and job satisfaction.

 

 

References

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022). Social determinants of health at CDC. https://www.cdc.gov/about/sdoh/index.html#:~:text=Social%20determinants%20of%20health%20(SDOH,the%20conditions%20of%20daily%20life.

Kaple, T. (2023). Top tips for nurses on dealing with burnout. NurseJournal. https://nursejournal.org/resources/tips-for-avoiding-nurse-burnout/

National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. (2023). The future of nursing 2020-2030. https://www.nationalacademies.org/our-work/the-future-of-nursing-2020-2030

Nilsson, H. (2022). Spiritual self-care management for nursing professionals: A holistic approach. Journal of Holistic Nursing: Official Journal of the American Holistic Nurses’ Association, 40(1), 64–73. https://doi.org/10.1177/08980101211034341

Nsiah, C., Siakwa, M., & Ninnoni, J. P. K. (2019). Registered Nurses’ description of patient advocacy in the clinical setting. Nursing Open, 6(3), 1124–1132. https://doi.org/10.1002/nop2.307

Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (2023). Social determinants of health. https://health.gov/healthypeople/priority-areas/social-determinants-health

Oruche, U. M., & Zapolski, T. C. (2020). The role of nurses in eliminating health disparities and achieving health equity. Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 58(12), 2-4. https://doi.org/10.3928/02793695-20201112-01

Wakefield, M., Williams, D. R., & Le Menestrel, S. (2021). The future of nursing 2020-2030: Charting a path to achieve health equity. Nursing Outlook, (70)6, S1-S9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.outlook.2022.05.013

IOM Summary of Four Messages and Significance to Nursing Practice 16.0% Summary of the four messages outlined in the IOM

report and explanation of why these are significant to nursing practice is omitted. Summary of the four messages outlined in the IOM report is partially presented. Explanation of why these are significant to nursing practice is incomplete. There are significant inaccuracies. Summary of the four messages outlined in the IOM report is presented. Explanation of why these are significant to nursing practice is generally presented. There are some inaccuracies. Some information or rationale is needed to fully support summary. Summary of the four messages outlined in the IOM report is presented. Explanation of why these are significant to nursing practice is presented. Minor detail is needed for clarity. Summary of the four messages outlined in the IOM report is clearly presented. A detailed explanation of why these are significant to nursing practice is presented. A strong understanding of the IOM report and its influence on nursing practice is demonstrated.

Influence of IOM on Education, Leadership, Benefits and Opportunities for BSN-Prepared Nurses 16.0% The direct influence of the IOM report on nursing education, nursing leadership, and the benefits and opportunities for BSN-prepared nurses is not discussed. The direct influence of the IOM report on nursing education and nursing leadership is partially presented. Some benefits and opportunities for BSN-prepared nurses resulting from the IOM report are summarized. There are inaccuracies. The direct influence of the IOM report on nursing education and nursing leadership is summarized. Some benefits and opportunities for BSN-prepared nurses resulting from the IOM report are generally described. Overall, a general understanding of the IOM report and its influence on nursing is demonstrated. The direct influence of the IOM report on nursing education and nursing leadership is discussed. The benefits and opportunities for BSN-prepared nurses resulting from the IOM report are described. Overall, an understanding of the IOM report and its influence on nursing is demonstrated. The direct influence of the IOM report on nursing education and nursing leadership is thoroughly discussed. The benefits and opportunities for BSN-prepared nurses resulting from the IOM report are described in detail. Overall, an in-depth understanding of the IOM report and its influence on nursing is demonstrated.

Importance of the Evolution of the Education and Role of the Nurse to Meet the Needs of an Aging and Diverse Population 16.0% The importance of the evolution of the education and role of the nurse to meet the needs of an aging and diverse population is not presented. A partial explanation the importance of the evolution of the education and role of the nurse to meet the needs of an aging and diverse population is presented. There major are inaccuracies. A summary of the importance of the evolution of the education and role of the nurse to meet the needs of an aging and diverse population is presented. Some information is needed to fully support explanation. An explanation of the importance of the evolution of the education and role of the nurse to meet the needs of an aging and diverse population is presented. Some detail is needed for clarity. A thorough explanation the importance of the evolution of the education and role of the nurse to meet the needs of an aging and diverse population is presented. The explanation demonstrates a clear understanding of the role of the nurse in meeting the needs of an aging and diverse population.

Significance of Professional Development, Lifelong Learning, in Relation to Diverse Populations Across the Life Span and Health-Illness Continuum 16.0% The significance of professional development, or lifelong learning, and its relevance in caring for diverse populations across the life span and within the health-illness continuum is not discussed. The significance of professional development, or lifelong learning, and its relevance in caring for diverse populations across the life span and within the health-illness continuum is incomplete. There are major inaccuracies The significance of professional development, or lifelong learning, and its relevance in caring for diverse populations across the life span and within the health-illness continuum is summarized. Some rationale or evidence is needed for support. The significance of professional development, or lifelong learning, and its relevance in caring for diverse populations across the life span and within the health-illness continuum is discussed. Some detail is needed for clarity. The significance of professional development, or lifelong learning, and its relevance in caring for diverse populations across the life span and within the health-illness continuum is discussed in detail. The relevance of professional development in caring for diverse populations across the life span and within the health-illness continuum is demonstrated.

Effectiveness of Nurses Managing Patient Care Within an Evolving Health Care System 16.0% A discussion of how nurses can assist in effectively managing patient care within an evolving health care system is omitted. A partial discussion of how nurses can assist in effectively managing patient care within an evolving health care system is presented. There are major inaccuracies. A general discussion of how nurses can assist in effectively managing patient care within an evolving health care system is presented. Some rationale or evidence is needed for support. A discussion of how nurses can assist in effectively managing patient care within an evolving health care system is presented. Minor detail or rationale is needed. A through discussion of how nurses can assist in effectively managing patient care within an evolving health care system is presented. The discussion offers compelling rationale and demonstrates insight into managing patient care within contemporary health care.

Organization and Effectiveness 15.0%
Thesis Development and Purpose 5.0% Paper lacks any discernible overall purpose or organizing claim. Thesis is insufficiently developed or vague. Purpose is not clear. Thesis is apparent and appropriate to purpose. Thesis is clear and forecasts the development of the paper. Thesis is descriptive and reflective of the arguments and appropriate to the purpose. Thesis is comprehensive and contains the essence of the paper. Thesis statement makes the purpose of the paper clear.

Argument Logic and Construction 5.0% Statement of purpose is not justified by the conclusion. The conclusion does not support the claim made. Argument is incoherent and uses noncredible sources. Sufficient justification of claims is lacking. Argument lacks consistent unity. There are obvious flaws in the logic. Some sources have questionable credibility. Argument is orderly, but may have a few inconsistencies. The argument presents minimal justification of claims. Argument logically, but not thoroughly, supports the purpose. Sources used are credible. Introduction and conclusion bracket the thesis. Argument shows logical progressions. Techniques of argumentation are evident. There is a smooth progression of claims from introduction to conclusion. Most sources are authoritative. Clear and convincing argument that presents a persuasive claim in a distinctive and compelling manner. All sources are authoritative.

Mechanics of Writing (includes spelling, punctuation, grammar, language use) 5.0% Surface errors are pervasive enough that they impede communication of meaning. Inappropriate word choice or sentence construction is used. Frequent and repetitive mechanical errors distract the reader. Inconsistencies in language choice (register), sentence structure, or word choice are present. Some mechanical errors or typos are present, but they are not overly distracting to the reader. Correct sentence structure and audience-appropriate language are used. Prose is largely free of mechanical errors, although a few may be present. A variety of sentence structures and effective figures of speech are used. Writer is clearly in command of standard, written, academic English.

Format 5.0%
Paper Format (use of appropriate style for the major and assignment) 2.0% Template is not used appropriately or documentation format is rarely followed correctly. Template is used, but some elements are missing or mistaken; lack of control with formatting is apparent. Template is used, and formatting is correct, although some minor errors may be present. Template is fully used; There are virtually no errors in formatting style. All format elements are correct.

Documentation of Sources (citations, footnotes, references, bibliography, etc., as appropriate to assignment and style) 3.0% Sources are not documented. Documentation of sources is inconsistent or incorrect, as appropriate to assignment and style, with numerous formatting errors. Sources are documented, as appropriate to assignment and style, although some formatting errors may be present. Sources are documented, as appropriate to assignment and style, and format is mostly correct. Sources are completely and correctly documented, as appropriate to assignment and style, and format is free of error.

Welcome to class

Hello class and welcome to the class and I will be your instructor for this course. This is a -week course and requires a lot of time commitment, organization, and a high level of dedication. Please use the class syllabus to guide you through all the assignments required for the course. I have also attached the classroom policies to this announcement to know your expectations for this course. Please review this document carefully and ask me any questions if you do. You could email me at any time or send me a message via the “message” icon in halo if you need to contact me. I check my email regularly, so you should get a response within 24 hours. If you have not heard from me within 24 hours and need to contact me urgently, please send a follow up text to.

I strongly encourage that you do not wait until the very last minute to complete your assignments. Your assignments in weeks 4 and 5 require early planning as you would need to present a teaching plan and interview a community health provider. I advise you look at the requirements for these assignments at the beginning of the course and plan accordingly. I have posted the YouTube link that explains all the class assignments in detail. It is required that you watch this 32-minute video as the assignments from week 3 through 5 require that you follow the instructions to the letter to succeed. Failure to complete these assignments according to instructions might lead to a zero. After watching the video, please schedule a one-on-one with me to discuss your topic for your project by the second week of class. Use this link to schedule a 15-minute session. Please, call me at the time of your appointment on my number. Please note that I will NOT call you.

Please, be advised I do NOT accept any assignments by email. If you are having technical issues with uploading an assignment, contact the technical department and inform me of the issue. If you have any issues that would prevent you from getting your assignments to me by the deadline, please inform me to request a possible extension. Note that working fulltime or overtime is no excuse for late assignments. There is a 5%-point deduction for every day your assignment is late. This only applies to approved extensions. Late assignments will not be accepted.

If you think you would be needing accommodations due to any reasons, please contact the appropriate department to request accommodations.

Plagiarism is highly prohibited. Please ensure you are citing your sources correctly using APA 7th edition. All assignments including discussion posts should be formatted in APA with the appropriate spacing, font, margin, and indents. Any papers not well formatted would be returned back to you, hence, I advise you review APA formatting style. I have attached a sample paper in APA format and will also post sample discussion responses in subsequent announcements.

Your initial discussion post should be a minimum of 200 words and response posts should be a minimum of 150 words. Be advised that I grade based on quality and not necessarily the number of words you post. A minimum of TWO references should be used for your initial post. For your response post, you do not need references as personal experiences would count as response posts. If you however cite anything from the literature for your response post, it is required that you cite your reference. You should include a minimum of THREE references for papers in this course. Please note that references should be no more than 5 years old except recommended as a resource for the class. Furthermore, for each discussion board question, you need ONE initial substantive response and TWO substantive responses to either your classmates or your instructor for a total of THREE responses. There are TWO discussion questions each week, hence, you need a total minimum of SIX discussion posts for each week. I usually post a discussion question each week. You could also respond to these as it would count towards your required SIX discussion posts for the week.

I understand this is a lot of information to cover in 5 weeks, however, the Bible says in Philippians 4:13 that we can do all things through Christ that strengthens us. Even in times like this, we are encouraged by God’s word that we have that ability in us to succeed with His strength. I pray that each and every one of you receives strength for this course and life generally as we navigate through this pandemic that is shaking our world today. Relax and enjoy the course!

Sincerely,