NUR 502 Module 6 Discussion
ST. Thomas University NUR 502 Module 6 Discussion-Step-By-Step Guide
This guide will demonstrate how to complete the ST. Thomas University NUR 502 Module 6 Discussion assignment based on general principles of academic writing. Here, we will show you the A, B, Cs of completing an academic paper, irrespective of the instructions. After guiding you through what to do, the guide will leave one or two sample essays at the end to highlight the various sections discussed below.
How to Research and Prepare for NUR 502 Module 6 Discussion
Whether one passes or fails an academic assignment such as the ST. Thomas University NUR 502 Module 6 Discussion depends on the preparation done beforehand. The first thing to do once you receive an assignment is to quickly skim through the requirements. Once that is done, start going through the instructions one by one to clearly understand what the instructor wants. The most important thing here is to understand the required format—whether it is APA, MLA, Chicago, etc.
After understanding the requirements of the paper, the next phase is to gather relevant materials. The first place to start the research process is the weekly resources. Go through the resources provided in the instructions to determine which ones fit the assignment. After reviewing the provided resources, use the university library to search for additional resources. After gathering sufficient and necessary resources, you are now ready to start drafting your paper.
How to Write the Introduction for NUR 502 Module 6 Discussion
The introduction for the ST. Thomas University NUR 502 Module 6 Discussion is where you tell the instructor what your paper will encompass. In three to four statements, highlight the important points that will form the basis of your paper. Here, you can include statistics to show the importance of the topic you will be discussing. At the end of the introduction, write a clear purpose statement outlining what exactly will be contained in the paper. This statement will start with “The purpose of this paper…” and then proceed to outline the various sections of the instructions.
How to Write the Body for NUR 502 Module 6 Discussion
After the introduction, move into the main part of the NUR 502 Module 6 Discussion assignment, which is the body. Given that the paper you will be writing is not experimental, the way you organize the headings and subheadings of your paper is critically important. In some cases, you might have to use more subheadings to properly organize the assignment. The organization will depend on the rubric provided. Carefully examine the rubric, as it will contain all the detailed requirements of the assignment. Sometimes, the rubric will have information that the normal instructions lack.
Another important factor to consider at this point is how to do citations. In-text citations are fundamental as they support the arguments and points you make in the paper. At this point, the resources gathered at the beginning will come in handy. Integrating the ideas of the authors with your own will ensure that you produce a comprehensive paper. Also, follow the given citation format. In most cases, APA 7 is the preferred format for nursing assignments.
How to Write the Conclusion for NUR 502 Module 6 Discussion
After completing the main sections, write the conclusion of your paper. The conclusion is a summary of the main points you made in your paper. However, you need to rewrite the points and not simply copy and paste them. By restating the points from each subheading, you will provide a nuanced overview of the assignment to the reader.
How to Format the References List for NUR 502 Module 6 Discussion
The very last part of your paper involves listing the sources used in your paper. These sources should be listed in alphabetical order and double-spaced. Additionally, use a hanging indent for each source that appears in this list. Lastly, only the sources cited within the body of the paper should appear here.
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Sample Answer for NUR 502 Module 6 Discussion
Musculoskeletal and Neurological function
Osteoarthritis is defined by inflammation of the joints as seen in conditions such as Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) and Juvenile Arthritis (JA). Osteoarthrosis, on the other hand, refers to pathological changes to the joint, such as cartilage loss or joint space narrowing, that often happen as part of the aging process.
Osteoarthritis
Osteoarthritis (OA) tends to be a disease that manifests with age due to wear and tear on the joints. The disease is thought to be precipitated by a reduction in the synthesis of synovial fluid and cartilage as people age (Jeremic et al., 2021). This results in less lubrication for the joint and a narrowing of the joint space leading to more friction and damage to the cartilage. As the cartilage erodes, it is unable to repair itself and causes progressively worse pain, stiffness, and decreased range of motion. The symptoms are usually seen in the hands and then the knees are the next joints to become affected. Joints may become enlarged due to hypertrophy of the joint capsule, and there may also be crepitus in the joint. The joint pain tends to be exacerbated during and after movement and is relieved with rest.
Rheumatoid Arthritis
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) differs from OA in that it is a systemic autoimmune inflammatory process that can affect other organs in the body. It attacks the synovial membrane, causing synovitis, cartilage erosion, and fibrosis. It often starts with an acute episode, which recovers with time the progresses with periods of exacerbation and remission. Like OA, the most common place for symptoms of RA to start is the hand. Synovitis affects the vasculature, and vascular flow becomes impeded, resulting in loss of shape and alignment of the joint (Dlugasch & Story, 2020). RA manifests with pain and stiffness. However, unlike osteoarthritis, due to its systemic effects, patients with RA may also have fatigue, anorexia, weight loss, depression, renal disease, and other effects. Laboratory testing for RA includes Rheumatoid factor, and cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody (CCP antibody). Antinuclear autoantibodies (ANA) and C-reactive protein (CRP) can also be checked, but they are non-specific for the disease.
Patient Interventions
Ms. GJ has a diagnosis of osteoarthritis and has been complaining of pain. I would recommend that she take the anti-inflammatory Celebrex to help with her pain. She is also encouraged to do low-impact exercises like water aerobics, available at the local YMCA. She is also encouraged to take glucosamine and chondroitin as they may provide some benefit. The patient would be educated on the progressive effects of the disease and encouraged to try heat and cold therapy to alleviate pain.
References
Dlugasch, L., & Story, L. (2020). Applied Pathophysiology for the Advanced Practice Nurse. Jones and Bartlett Learning.
Jeremić, D., Gluščević, B., Rajković, S., Jovanović, Ž., & Krivokapić, B. (2021). Osteoarthritis, osteoarthrosis and osteoarthropathy: What is the difference? Srpski medicinski casopis Lekarske komore, 2(1), 25–32. https://doi.org/10.5937/smclk2101015j
Sample Answer 2 for NUR 502 Module 6 Discussion
Neurologic Function
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a degenerative brain disease that is the number one cause of dementia in older adults. With AD, the brain atrophies over time, causing a loss of cognitive function. It causes memory loss, behavioral changes, difficulty performing tasks and general cognitive decline. There are no definitive causes for AD but there are various risk factors such as age, female gender, lifestyle, family history and others.
Types of Dementia
Alzheimer’s is characterized by progressive disease with gradual changes over time. It is characterized by abnormal deposits of tau protein, which are necessary for microtubule health in the neurons. Vascular Dementia is caused by decreased blood flow to the brain and can be caused by stroke or cardiovascular disease. Vascular dementia tends to have a sudden onset after the cardiovascular event. Similar to AD, Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is a progressive disease that is characterized by abnormal protein deposits in the brain. The manifestations differ in that DLB causes changes in executive function and may cause visual hallucinations. Frontotemporal is a group of disorders that affect the brain’s frontal and/or temporal lobe of the brain. There are three variants: behavioral, semantic, and non-fluent variant. Frontotemporal dementia is progressive and affects the patient’s ability to function normally or even to speak.
Explicit and Implicit memory
Explicit memory or declarative memory can be described as conscious thought which requires processing through the hippocampus. This type of memory is recalling facts and events, such as knowing your birthday or your mother’s name. Implicit memory, on the other hand, is non-declarative and is done subconsciously. It does not need to be processed through the hippocampus but is instead a reflex pathway. This includes things like walking or riding a bicycle.
Diagnosis Criteria for Alzheimer’s Disease
There are multiple causes for dementia, and it is important that the correct diagnosis be made to tailor treatment to the patient. The provider needs to first conduct a thorough history and physical to determine what medications the patient is taking and determine if there are any other causes for mental changes. Next, a cognitive test needs to be conducted, which includes memory, problem-solving, attention, etc. Blood and urine tests need to be conducted to rule out infection as a cause for any changes seen. A psychiatric evaluation is needed to rule out mental health conditions as a contributing factor. If there is no clear differential, a lumbar puncture needs to be done to analyze the CSF for causative abnormal proteins. The patient can then have an MRI, CT, or PET scan to confirm the diagnosis.
Patient Recommendation
Ms. HM appears to be having early signs of Alzheimer’s dementia. After a full work-up, if the diagnosis is confirmed, she will be started on Memantine, any medications with sedative effects will be re-evaluated to verify necessity. Ms. HM will be referred to a social worker early to assess needs at home, such as a home health aide. Her family will be involved in her care plan and will need to have a discussion about advanced directives and to ensure that Ms. HM is in a safe environment.
References
Armstrong, R. A. (2019). Risk factors for alzheimer’s disease. Folia Neuropathologica, 57(2), 87–105. https://doi.org/10.5114/fn.2019.85929
Dlugasch, L., & Story, L. (2020). Applied Pathophysiology for the Advanced Practice Nurse. Jones and Bartlett Learning.
How Is Alzheimer’s Disease Diagnosed? (n.d.). National Institute on aging. Retrieved February 14, 2024, from https://www.nia.nih.gov/health/alzheimers-symptoms-and-diagnosis/how-alzheimers-disease-diagnosed