NUR 514 Emerging Technology Brief
Grand Canyon University NUR 514 Emerging Technology Brief– Step-By-Step Guide
This guide will demonstrate how to complete the Grand Canyon University NUR 514 Emerging Technology Brief assignment based on general principles of academic writing. Here, we will show you the A, B, Cs of completing an academic paper, irrespective of the instructions. After guiding you through what to do, the guide will leave one or two sample essays at the end to highlight the various sections discussed below.
How to Research and Prepare for NUR 514 Emerging Technology Brief
Whether one passes or fails an academic assignment such as the Grand Canyon University NUR 514 Emerging Technology Brief depends on the preparation done beforehand. The first thing to do once you receive an assignment is to quickly skim through the requirements. Once that is done, start going through the instructions one by one to clearly understand what the instructor wants. The most important thing here is to understand the required format—whether it is APA, MLA, Chicago, etc.
After understanding the requirements of the paper, the next phase is to gather relevant materials. The first place to start the research process is the weekly resources. Go through the resources provided in the instructions to determine which ones fit the assignment. After reviewing the provided resources, use the university library to search for additional resources. After gathering sufficient and necessary resources, you are now ready to start drafting your paper.
How to Write the Introduction for NUR 514 Emerging Technology Brief
The introduction for the Grand Canyon University NUR 514 Emerging Technology Brief is where you tell the instructor what your paper will encompass. In three to four statements, highlight the important points that will form the basis of your paper. Here, you can include statistics to show the importance of the topic you will be discussing. At the end of the introduction, write a clear purpose statement outlining what exactly will be contained in the paper. This statement will start with “The purpose of this paper…” and then proceed to outline the various sections of the instructions.
How to Write the Body for NUR 514 Emerging Technology Brief
After the introduction, move into the main part of the NUR 514 Emerging Technology Brief assignment, which is the body. Given that the paper you will be writing is not experimental, the way you organize the headings and subheadings of your paper is critically important. In some cases, you might have to use more subheadings to properly organize the assignment. The organization will depend on the rubric provided. Carefully examine the rubric, as it will contain all the detailed requirements of the assignment. Sometimes, the rubric will have information that the normal instructions lack.
Another important factor to consider at this point is how to do citations. In-text citations are fundamental as they support the arguments and points you make in the paper. At this point, the resources gathered at the beginning will come in handy. Integrating the ideas of the authors with your own will ensure that you produce a comprehensive paper. Also, follow the given citation format. In most cases, APA 7 is the preferred format for nursing assignments.
How to Write the Conclusion for NUR 514 Emerging Technology Brief
After completing the main sections, write the conclusion of your paper. The conclusion is a summary of the main points you made in your paper. However, you need to rewrite the points and not simply copy and paste them. By restating the points from each subheading, you will provide a nuanced overview of the assignment to the reader.
How to Format the References List for NUR 514 Emerging Technology Brief
The very last part of your paper involves listing the sources used in your paper. These sources should be listed in alphabetical order and double-spaced. Additionally, use a hanging indent for each source that appears in this list. Lastly, only the sources cited within the body of the paper should appear here.
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Sample Answer for NUR 514 Emerging Technology Brief
Modern health care is highly patient-centered and relies heavily on technology to enhance patient outcomes. To respond to patient issues as deserved and predict illness patterns, health care providers need to store and secure the available data. As a result, the use of sophisticated and emerging technologies in health care is on the rise. As reviewed in this brief, cloud computing is among the emerging technologies with profound impacts on health practice.
Technology Overview and Purpose
A health care cloud represents a computing service that health care providers use to store, maintain, and back up health information. If differently stated, cloud computing has much to do with delivering computer services such as databases, networking, analytics, servers, and storage over the internet. Concerning the purpose of cloud computing, Gao et al. (2018) described cloud computing as a technology for optimizing data storage, management, and processing remotely instead of using typical servers. Democratization of data is more convenient through cloud computing, and the transition of artificial intelligence into mainstream health care processes is also easier through cloud computing.
How Cloud Computing Would Function in a Health Care Setting and Issues
In health care settings, cloud computing offers an avenue for managing and analyzing data. At a time when health care organizations deal with volumes of electrical health records and big data analytics, cloud computing enables health care organizations to store patient data as they avoid costly storage associated with physical servers. Dang et al. (2019) further mentioned that cloud computing is critical in boosting cooperation between health care providers to optimize patient care. Accordingly, its use would lead to a scenario where health care providers collaborate and work in teams as they share essential patient data conveniently. Despite these benefits, cloud computing is associated with legal issues. The security of patient data is a genuine concern as far as cloud computing is concerned (Smys & Raj, 2019). There is a widespread worry about having apps and patient data in third-party servers, considering that health care organizations should comply with regulations related to data portability and security, such as the US’s Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA).
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Cloud Computing: Access to Care, Patient Safety and Care Quality
Present-day’s health practice is more patient-centered, data-driven, and value-based. Through cloud computing, health care providers can improve access to care by enabling remote interactions and access to patients (Gao & Sunyaev, 2019). By fostering collaboration
between doctors, departments, and health care organizations, cloud computing enables health care providers to save diagnosis and treatment time since data is quickly accessible. Quick response enhances patient safety. The quality of care also improves when collaboration is high and data accessible when needed to guide diagnosis, treatment, and self-management.
In conclusion, data is an essential component of safe and quality health care and should be secured and shared among the right professionals. Collaboration is essential to optimize patient outcomes. As modern health practice continues to be more data-centered, cloud computing is critical and should be adopted to enable safe data storage and make its management more convenient. It is among the emerging technologies in health care with profound impacts, primarily on issues to do with access, safety, and quality of care.
References
Dang, L. M., Piran, M., Han, D., Min, K., & Moon, H. (2019). A survey on internet of things and cloud computing for healthcare. Electronics, 8(7), 768. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics8070768
Gao, F., Thiebes, S., & Sunyaev, A. (2018). Rethinking the meaning of cloud computing for health care: A taxonomic perspective and future research directions. Journal of medical Internet research, 20(7), e10041. doi:10.2196/10041
Gao, F., & Sunyaev, A. (2019). Context matters: A review of the determinant factors in the decision to adopt cloud computing in healthcare. International Journal of Information Management, 48, 120-138. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2019.02.002
Smys, S., & Raj, J. S. (2019). Internet of things and big data analytics for health care with cloud computing. Journal of Information Technology, 1(01), 9-18. https://doi.org/10.36548/jitdw.2019.1.002
The Emerging Technology, Its Purpose, and How it Would Function in a Health Care Setting, Including Any Ethical or Legal Issues That Would Accompany the Incorporation of the Technology
35.0
A discussion of the emerging technology, its purpose, and how it would function in a health care setting, including any ethical or legal issues that would accompany the incorporation of the technology, is not included.
A discussion of the emerging technology, its purpose, and how it would function in a health care setting, including any ethical or legal issues that would accompany the incorporation of the technology, is present, but it lacks detail or is incomplete.
A discussion of the emerging technology, its purpose, and how it would function in a health care setting, including any ethical or legal issues that would accompany the incorporation of the technology, is present.
A discussion of the emerging technology, its purpose, and how it would function in a health care setting, including any ethical or legal issues that would accompany the incorporation of the technology, is clearly provided and well developed.
A comprehensive discussion of the emerging technology, its purpose, and how it would function in a health care setting, including any ethical or legal issues that would accompany the incorporation of the technology, is thoroughly developed with supporting details.
How This Technology Improves Access to Care and Promotes Patient Safety and Quality
30.0
A discussion of how this technology improves access to care and promotes patient safety and quality is not included.
A discussion of how this technology improves access to care and promotes patient safety and quality is present, but it lacks detail or is incomplete.
A discussion of how this technology improves access to care and promotes patient safety and quality is present.
A discussion of how this technology improves access to care and promotes patient safety and quality is clearly provided and well developed.
A comprehensive discussion of how this technology improves access to care and promotes patient safety and quality is thoroughly developed with supporting details.
Required Sources
5.0
Sources are not included.
Number of required sources is only partially met.
Number of required sources is met, but sources are outdated or inappropriate.
Number of required sources is met. Sources are current, but not all sources are appropriate for the assignment criteria and nursing content.
Number of required resources is met. Sources are current, and appropriate for the assignment criteria and nursing content.
Presentation
10.0
The piece is not neat or organized, and it does not include all required elements.
The work is not neat and includes minor flaws or omissions of required elements.
The overall appearance is general, and major elements are missing.
The overall appearance is generally neat, with a few minor flaws or missing elements.
The work is well presented and includes all required elements. The overall appearance is neat and professional.
Mechanics of Writing (includes spelling, punctuation, grammar, and language use)
10.0
Surface errors are pervasive enough that they impede communication of meaning. Inappropriate word choice or sentence construction is employed.
Frequent and repetitive mechanical errors distract the reader. Inconsistencies in language choice (register) or word choice are present. Sentence structure is correct but not varied.
Some mechanical errors or typos are present, but they are not overly distracting to the reader. Correct and varied sentence structure and audience-appropriate language are employed.
Prose is largely free of mechanical errors, although a few may be present. The writer uses a variety of effective sentence structures and figures of speech.
The writer is clearly in command of standard, written, academic English.
Documentation of Sources (citations, footnotes, references, bibliography, etc., as appropriate to assignment and style)
10.0
Sources are not documented.
Documentation of sources is inconsistent or incorrect, as appropriate to assignment and style, with numerous formatting errors.
Sources are documented, as appropriate to assignment and style, although some formatting errors may be present.
Sources are documented, as appropriate to assignment and style, and format is mostly correct.
Sources are completely and correctly documented, as appropriate to assignment and style, and format is free of error.
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Sample Answer 2 for NUR 514 Emerging Technology Brief
Emerging technologies have a significant effect on the provision of healthcare in the modern world. The technologies inform the care approaches utilized to achieve optimum, patient-centered outcomes. Legal and ethical issues often accompany the adoption of emerging technologies in healthcare (Duggal et al., 2018). Nurse informaticists have the responsibility of adopting measures to minimize these issues in healthcare. Therefore, this paper explores the use of mobile health applications, as an emerging technology and its impact on nurse informaticist roles.
Overview of the Technology
The selected emerging technology is mobile applications for use in healthcare. Mobile apps are technologies that facilitate healthcare delivery via the phone. The technology enables healthcare providers to offer remote care to their patients. They can perform several roles that include scheduling appointments, providing expert advice, uploading patients’ medical records. Mobile apps also enable healthcare providers to monitor and manage their patients, gather information, and offer patients health education. The adoption of mobile apps enhances care outcomes that include safety, quality, and efficiency. Efficiency is achieved through the elimination of the need for hospital visits and early identification and management of potential complications (Jones et al., 2018). The provision of patient-centered care promotes care outcomes that include safety and quality.
Ethical or Legal Issues
The incorporation of mobile apps into healthcare is likely to experience some ethical and legal issues. One of them is the potential risk of violation of data privacy and confidentiality. Patients and healthcare providers have access to health-related information stored in the apps. Threats to data integrity may arise if patients or healthcare providers do not consider the stipulated security measures in accessing the data. Third parties can also access the data illegally using methods such as hacking to obtain private and confidential data (Vasiloglou et al., 2020). As a result, the adoption of mobile apps in healthcare raises concerns related to data privacy and confidentiality.
The other issue relates to the cost of purchasing, maintaining, and updating the apps. Healthcare organizations bear the responsibility of acquiring, maintaining, and improving mobile apps to address the needs of their patients. They also have to train their staff on the safe and efficient use of the technology in optimizing the care outcomes. The needs increase the costs incurred in healthcare organizations, hence, the challenge (Magrabi et al., 2019). Therefore, a cost-benefit analysis should be performed before the adoption of mobile apps for patient care.
Nurse’s Informatics Role
Nurses have several informatics roles in the adoption of mobile apps in healthcare. One of them is patient education. Nurses educate the patients about the safe use of the technology in achieving their health outcomes. Nurses also play the role of supporting the implementation of policies that will enhance the outcomes of technology adoption in their organization. They ensure the implemented policies underpin the safety, quality, and efficiency goals in the adoption of mobile apps for health (Magrabi et al., 2019). They also propose quality improvement initiatives in their organizations to address issues with technology use.
Workflow Analysis, Human Factors, and User-Centered Design
Workflow analysis is important in mobile apps adoption in healthcare, as it strives to ensure efficiency in technology use. The analysis provides insights into potential benefits and issues that should be addressed before technology adoption. Human factors influence the adoption of mobile apps in healthcare. A focus should be placed on addressing human needs such as training to ensure competencies in technology use. The adopted systems should address the actual and potential needs of the users for them to be user-centered (Vasiloglou et al., 2020). User-centeredness increases the acceptability of the technology for use in healthcare.
Conclusion
Mobile apps for healthare the selected emerging healthcare technology. The adoption of mobile apps for healthcare may raise ethical and legal issues related to data integrity and costs of adoption. Nurses have crucial roles to play in ensuring the successful utilization of mobile apps in healthcare. Workflow analysis, human factors, and user-centeredness should be considered before the adoption of emerging technologies.
References
Duggal, R., Brindle, I., & Bagenal, J. (2018).Digital healthcare: Regulating the revolution.BMJ, 360, k6. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.k6
Jones, M., Morris, J., &Deruyter, F. (2018).Mobile Healthcare and People with Disabilities: Current State and Future Needs.International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 15(3), 515. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15030515
Magrabi, F., Habli, I., Sujan, M., Wong, D., Thimbleby, H., Baker, M., &Coiera, E. (2019). Why is it so difficult to govern mobile apps in healthcare? BMJ Health & Care Informatics, 26(1), e100006. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjhci-2019-100006
Vasiloglou, M. F., Christodoulidis, S., Reber, E., Stathopoulou, T., Lu, Y., Stanga, Z., &Mougiakakou, S. (2020). What Healthcare Professionals Think of “Nutrition & Diet” Apps: An International Survey. Nutrients, 12(8), 2214. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12082214
Sample Answer 3 for NUR 514 Emerging Technology Brief
Advanced registered nurses leverage new healthcare innovations to improve care quality and patient outcomes. Emerging healthcare technologies like telemedicine, artificial intelligence, electronic health records (EHR), and telehealth are helping nurses offer improved quality care and enhance outcomes through efficient processes, patient monitoring, and accessibility (Dugas et al., 2020). The purpose of this paper is to provide a brief on telehealth as an emerging technology with the potential to overcome present and emerging barriers to care like accessibility and high cost. The brief explores possible ethical and legal issues related to telehealth and nurse’s informatics roles as well as the role of workflow analysis, human factors, and user-centric design concepts in telehealth.
Overview and Role of Telehealth in Healthcare
Telehealth involves the use of information and communication technologies to share and exchange health information and offer healthcare services across geographic, time, social, cultural, and even political barriers. The American Hospital Association (AHA) (2024) observes that telehealth links patients to vital healthcare services using videoconferencing, remote monitoring, wireless communications, and electronic consultations. Many states across the nation have enacted laws that mandate health insurers to cover services offered through telehealth. In their article, Gajarawala et al. (2020) asserted that like telemedicine, telehealth covers the same services that include medical education, remote patient monitoring, wireless health applications and devices, and transmission of imaging and medical reports. The primary function or role of telehealth is to improve access to healthcare services through leveraging communication and information technologies like videoconferencing and mobile apps for patients and providers to interact and share health information.
Telehealth improves access to care and promotes patient safety and quality outcomes. According to Stoltzfus et al. (2023), telehealth, like telemedicine, reduces the cost of care, improves accessibility through remote monitoring and interaction, seamless transitions of care among healthcare teams, and connects isolated individuals and health populations with providers. It also improves access and safety by reducing the shortage of healthcare providers.
Ethical and Legal Issues
The integration of technologies like telehealth requires organizations to comply with mandated legal and ethical frameworks like the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) and the Health Information for Economic and Clinical Health Act (HITECH Act). These legal mandates ensure that providers do not disclose protected health information (PHI) (Alder 2024). The two laws are essential and prevent possible data breaches by imploring healthcare organizations to enact measures in their processes and data-sharing activities to protect health information (Rowland et al., 2020). Ethical issues like violation of data privacy and confidentiality may arise and threaten data integrity if providers and patients fail to comply with the stipulated security measures in accessing data. Hacking by third parties can also pose threats to the effective application of telehealth by providers and healthcare entities.
Nurse’s Informatics Role
Nurses play a critical role when implementing and using telehealth as important links between patients and health organizations. Nurses, especially nurse leaders, provide education to both patients and colleagues to ensure they understand how to use telehealth to enhance care accessibility. Nurses also offer information on aspects that should be integrated into the system to meet patient needs and organizational requirements. They manage patient data and ensure its integrity while also securing it to help meet compliance requirements (Alder, 2024). Nurses also coordinate care among various providers, help implement the system, and provide necessary feedback to enhance its working.
Workflow analysis, Human Factors, and User-Centered Design
Workflow analysis, human factors, and user-centered design are essential for organizations and advanced registered nurses to implement telehealth and attain its benefits. Workflow analysis focuses on evaluating present processes and how providers can integrate telehealth to enhance efficiency. For instance, workflow analysis ensures that telehealth meets the organizational needs and compliance policies to avoid any legal issues. Human factors also influence the implementation of telehealth as they entail considering the abilities and limitations of providers and patients using this technology (Dugas et al., 2020). Therefore, stakeholders require education and understanding of the technology for its effective implementation. The user-centered design implores providers and organizations to design a system that is user-friendly by ensuring that it meets their needs.
Conclusion
Emerging technologies in healthcare like telehealth offer immense benefits to improve access, quality, and patient safety while reducing the cost of care. The implementation of telehealth in any facility involves compliance with legal and ethical requirements to avoid issues. Nurses educate patients and colleagues and ensure seamless integration and use of telehealth system that considers human factors, workflow aspects, and being user-centered.
References
American Medical Association (AMA). HIPAA security rule & risk analysis.
https://www.ama-assn.org/practice-management/hipaa/hipaa-security-rule-risk-analysis
American Hospital Association (AHA) (2024). The Issue: Telehealth.
https://www.aha.org/factsheet/telehealth
Alder, S. (2024 January 11). What is the HITECH Act?
https://www.hipaajournal.com/what-is-the-hitech-act/
Dugas, M., Gao, G. G., & Agarwal, R. (2020). Unpacking mHealth interventions: A systematic
Review of behavior change techniques used in randomized controlled trials assessing mHealth effectiveness. Digital Health, 6, 2055207620905411. https://doi.org/10.1177/2055207620905411
Gajarawala, S. N., & Pelkowski, J. N. (2021). Telehealth benefits and barriers. The Journal for
Nurse Practitioners, 17(2): 218-221. DOI: 10.1016/j.nurpra.2020.09.013
Stoltzfus, M., Kaur, A., Chawla, A., Gupta, V., Anamika, F. N. U., & Jain, R. (2023). The role of
Telemedicine in healthcare: an overview and update. The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine, 35(1): 1-5. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1186/s43162-023-00234-z
Rowland, S. P., Fitzgerald, J. E., Holme, T., Powell, J., & McGregor, A. (2020). What is the
Clinical value of mHealth for patients? NPJ Digital Medicine, 3(4). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-019-0206-x
Emerging Technology Brief – Rubric
Rubric Criteria
|
Criterion |
1. Unsatisfactory |
2. Insufficient |
3. Approaching |
4. Acceptable |
5. Target |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Overview of Emerging Technology Overview of Emerging Technology |
0 points An overview of the emerging technology is omitted. |
15 points An overview of the emerging technology is only partially discussed. |
16.5 points An overview of the emerging technology is presented. Its role and function in health care are summarized. Potential for improving access to care and promoting safety and quality is outlined. |
17.25 points The emerging technology and its role and function in health care are discussed. Potential for improving access to care and promoting safety and quality is included in the narrative. |
18.75 points The emerging technology and its role and function in health care are clearly discussed. Potential for improving access to care and promoting safety and quality is detailed. The narrative is well supported. |
|
Ethical or Legal Issues Ethical or Legal Issues |
0 points Ethical or legal issues that would accompany the incorporation of the technology are omitted. |
15 points Ethical or legal issues that would accompany the incorporation of the technology are only partially discussed. |
16.5 points Ethical or legal issues that would accompany the incorporation of the technology are summarized. |
17.25 points Ethical or legal issues that would accompany the incorporation of the technology are described. |
18.75 points Ethical or legal issues that would accompany the incorporation of the technology are accurate and thoroughly described. |
|
Role of Nurse Informatics Technology Role of Nurse Informatics Technology |
0 points The informatics role of the nurse regarding the technology is not discussed. |
15 points The informatics role of the nurse regarding the technology is only partially discussed. |
16.5 points The informatics role of the nurse regarding the technology is outlined. Some general examples of the roles and job functions are presented. |
17.25 points The informatics role of the nurse regarding the technology is explained. Examples of roles and job functions are presented. |
18.75 points The informatics role of the nurse regarding the technology is clearly explained. Well supported examples of roles and job functions are presented. |
|
Outline Role of Workflow Analysis, Human Factors and User Centered Design Concepts Outline Role of Workflow Analysis, Human Factors and User Centered Design Concepts |
0 points The role of workflow analysis, human factors, and user-centered design concepts for the chosen technology is omitted. |
20 points The role of workflow analysis, human factors, and user-centered design concepts for the chosen technology is only partially discussed. |
22 points The role of workflow analysis, human factors, and user-centered design concepts for the chosen technology is outlined. There are some omissions or inaccuracies. |
23 points The role of workflow analysis, human factors, and user-centered design concepts for the chosen technology is outlined. Some detail or information is needed for clarity or accuracy. |
25 points The role of workflow analysis, human factors, and user-centered design concepts for the chosen technology is clearly outlined. The narrative is well supported. |
|
Required Sources Required Sources |
0 points Sources are not included. |
3 points Number of required sources is only partially met. |
3.3 points Number of required sources is met, but sources are outdated or inappropriate. |
3.45 points Number of required sources is met. Sources are current, but not all sources are appropriate for the assignment criteria and nursing content. |
3.75 points Number of required resources is met. Sources are current, and appropriate for the assignment criteria and nursing content. |
|
Appendix Appendix |
0 points The appendix and APA Writing Checklist are omitted. |
2 points The APA Writing Checklist is attached, but an appendix has not been created. The paper does not reflect the use of the use of the APA Writing Checklist during development. |
2.2 points The APA Writing Checklist is complete and attached in the appendix. The APA Writing Checklist was generally used in development of the paper, but some aspects are inconsistent with the paper format or quality. |
2.3 points The APA Writing Checklist is complete and attached in the appendix. It is apparent that the APA Writing Checklist was used in development of the paper. |
2.5 points The APA Writing Checklist is complete and attached in the appendix. It is clearly evident by the quality of the paper that the APA Writing Checklist was used in development. |
|
Thesis Development and Purpose Communicates reason for writing and demonstrates awareness of audience. |
0 points The thesis, position, or purpose is not discernible. No awareness of the appropriate audience is evident. |
7 points The thesis, position, or purpose is discernable in most aspects but is occasionally weak or unclear. There is limited awareness of the appropriate audience. |
7.7 points The thesis, position, or purpose is adequately developed. An awareness of the appropriate audience is demonstrated. |
8.05 points The thesis, position, or purpose is clearly communicated throughout and clearly directed to a specific audience. |
8.75 points The thesis, position, or purpose is persuasively developed throughout and skillfully directed to a specific audience. |
|
Development, Structure, and Conclusion Advances position or purpose throughout writing; conclusion aligns to and evolves from development. |
0 points No advancement of the thesis, position, or purpose is evident. Connections between paragraphs are missing or inappropriate. No conclusion is offered. |
8 points Limited advancement of thesis, position, or purpose is discernable. There are inconsistencies in organization or the relationship of ideas. Conclusion is simplistic and not fully aligned to the development of the purpose. |
8.8 points The thesis, position, or purpose is advanced in most aspects. Ideas clearly build on each other. Conclusion aligns to the development of the purpose. |
9.2 points The thesis, position, or purpose is logically advanced throughout. The progression of ideas is coherent and unified. A clear and plausible conclusion aligns to the development of the purpose. |
10 points The thesis, position, or purpose is coherently and cohesively advanced throughout. The progression of ideas is coherent and unified. A convincing and unambiguous conclusion aligns to the development of the purpose. |
|
Evidence Selects and integrates evidence to support and advance position/purpose; considers other perspectives. |
0 points Evidence to support the thesis, position, or purpose is absent. The writing relies entirely on the perspective of the writer. |
5 points Evidence is used but is insufficient or of limited relevance. Simplistic explanation or integration of other perspectives is present. |
5.5 points Relevant evidence that includes other perspectives is used. |
5.75 points Specific and appropriate evidence is included. Other perspectives are integrated. |
6.25 points Comprehensive and compelling evidence is included. Multiple other perspectives are integrated effectively. |
|
Mechanics of Writing Includes spelling, capitalization, punctuation, grammar, language use, sentence structure, etc. |
0 points Errors in grammar or syntax are pervasive and impede meaning. Incorrect language choice or sentence structure errors are found throughout. |
5 points Frequent and repetitive mechanical errors are present. Inconsistencies in language choice or sentence structure are recurrent. |
5.5 points Occasional mechanical errors are present. Language choice is generally appropriate. Varied sentence structure is attempted. |
5.75 points Few mechanical errors are present. Suitable language choice and sentence structure are used. |
6.25 points No mechanical errors are present. Skilled control of language choice and sentence structure are used throughout. |
|
Format/Documentation Uses appropriate style, such as APA, MLA, etc., for college, subject, and level; documents sources using citations, footnotes, references, bibliography, etc., appropriate to assignment and discipline. |
0 points Appropriate format is not used. No documentation of sources is provided. |
5 points Appropriate format is attempted, but some elements are missing. Frequent errors in documentation of sources are evident. |
5.5 points Appropriate format and documentation are used, although there are some obvious errors. |
5.75 points Appropriate format and documentation are used with only minor errors. |
6.25 points No errors in formatting or documentation are present. Selectivity in the use of direct quotations and synthesis of sources is demonstrated. |