NUR 550 Assignment Literature Review – Resubmission
Grand Canyon University NUR 550 Assignment Literature Review – Resubmission– Step-By-Step Guide
This guide will demonstrate how to complete the Grand Canyon University NUR 550 Assignment Literature Review – Resubmission assignment based on general principles of academic writing. Here, we will show you the A, B, Cs of completing an academic paper, irrespective of the instructions. After guiding you through what to do, the guide will leave one or two sample essays at the end to highlight the various sections discussed below.
How to Research and Prepare for NUR 550 Assignment Literature Review – Resubmission
Whether one passes or fails an academic assignment such as the Grand Canyon University NUR 550 Assignment Literature Review – Resubmission depends on the preparation done beforehand. The first thing to do once you receive an assignment is to quickly skim through the requirements. Once that is done, start going through the instructions one by one to clearly understand what the instructor wants. The most important thing here is to understand the required format—whether it is APA, MLA, Chicago, etc.
After understanding the requirements of the paper, the next phase is to gather relevant materials. The first place to start the research process is the weekly resources. Go through the resources provided in the instructions to determine which ones fit the assignment. After reviewing the provided resources, use the university library to search for additional resources. After gathering sufficient and necessary resources, you are now ready to start drafting your paper.
How to Write the Introduction for NUR 550 Assignment Literature Review – Resubmission
The introduction for the Grand Canyon University NUR 550 Assignment Literature Review – Resubmission is where you tell the instructor what your paper will encompass. In three to four statements, highlight the important points that will form the basis of your paper. Here, you can include statistics to show the importance of the topic you will be discussing. At the end of the introduction, write a clear purpose statement outlining what exactly will be contained in the paper. This statement will start with “The purpose of this paper…” and then proceed to outline the various sections of the instructions.
How to Write the Body for NUR 550 Assignment Literature Review – Resubmission
After the introduction, move into the main part of the NUR 550 Assignment Literature Review – Resubmission assignment, which is the body. Given that the paper you will be writing is not experimental, the way you organize the headings and subheadings of your paper is critically important. In some cases, you might have to use more subheadings to properly organize the assignment. The organization will depend on the rubric provided. Carefully examine the rubric, as it will contain all the detailed requirements of the assignment. Sometimes, the rubric will have information that the normal instructions lack.
Another important factor to consider at this point is how to do citations. In-text citations are fundamental as they support the arguments and points you make in the paper. At this point, the resources gathered at the beginning will come in handy. Integrating the ideas of the authors with your own will ensure that you produce a comprehensive paper. Also, follow the given citation format. In most cases, APA 7 is the preferred format for nursing assignments.
How to Write the Conclusion for NUR 550 Assignment Literature Review – Resubmission
After completing the main sections, write the conclusion of your paper. The conclusion is a summary of the main points you made in your paper. However, you need to rewrite the points and not simply copy and paste them. By restating the points from each subheading, you will provide a nuanced overview of the assignment to the reader.
How to Format the References List for NUR 550 Assignment Literature Review – Resubmission
The very last part of your paper involves listing the sources used in your paper. These sources should be listed in alphabetical order and double-spaced. Additionally, use a hanging indent for each source that appears in this list. Lastly, only the sources cited within the body of the paper should appear here.
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Assessment Description
Submit your literature review from NUR-550 for your NUR-590 instructor to review. If your NUR-550 instructor indicated areas for revision be sure to incorporate these improvements prior to submitting your paper for this assignment.
You will use the revised literature review for your final written paper in Topic, 8 detailing your evidence-based practice project proposal.
Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the
Student Success Center.
This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.
You are not required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite.
Sample Answer for NUR 550 Assignment Literature Review – Resubmission
The promotion of safety, quality, and efficiency is crucial for patients’ optimum health and wellbeing in nursing practice. Health issues such as falls affect the realization of these outcomes. Falls affect hospitalized patients disproportionately. For example, the risk and rates of falls among elderly patients is high as compared to other patient populations. Falls increase the risk of adverse outcomes such as unintended injuries, increased care costs, prolonged hospitalization, and premature mortalities. Novel solutions can be utilized to detect and prevent falls. However, they are rarely utilized in most healthcare institutions because of issues such as lack of provider competencies and resource-related challenges. Therefore, this project proposed the use of automated fall prevention and detection technologies in reducing falls among hospitalized elderly patients. The PICOT for the project is, among hospitalized patients aged 65 year and above at risk of falls (P), does the use of automated fall detectors (I), as compared to usual care (C), reduce the rates of falls by 50% (O) within six months (T)?
Search Methods
A search for relevant literature for the project was performed in several databases. They included EMBASE, CINAHL, PubMEd, and Google Scholar. The search terms that were utilized in the project included automated fall detection technologies, automated fall prevention technologies, effectiveness of automated fall detection and prevention technologies, and patient outcomes in automated fall detection and prevention technologies. The criteria that were adopted included assessing the articles to ensure they addressed the topic, relevance to nursing and healthcare, and if they were published over the last five years. The articles must have also been authored in the English language.
Synthesis of Literature
Ten articles were included in this review. Coahran et al. (2018) conducted a qualitative study involving nurses working in two geriatric psychiatry units in a regional mental health hospital to examine their experiences with HELPER system. Interviews were conducted with the psychiatric nurses, transcribed, and analyzed thematically using naturalistic inquiry approach. The findings showed that nurses had positive experience with the system, as it had high accuracy rate in fall detection and prevention. The article supports the feasibility of using fall detection and prevention technologies in my practice site.
Gaspar and Lapão (2021) conducted a quantitative, systematic review that determine the clinical applicability of ehealth devices in assessing and treating people with balance disorders. A search performed I databases that included Embase, SciELO, and PubMed yielded 21 articles used in this research. The study findings showed that eHealth devices improved care outcomes, including reducing risk of falls among patients with balance disorder. The research supports the enhanced benefits of fall detection and prevention technologies in promoting patient safety and quality.
Joshi et al. (2022) conducted a qualitative study that examined the perceptions of surgical team members towards the use of wearable sensors for surgical patients. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 48 senior and junior surgeons and senior and junior nurses to obtain their insights on technology use. The interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. The results showed that wearable sensors for continuous monitoring were effective in improving patient safety. The participants also had positive experiences with their use, hence, supporting the need for the technology for fall prevention in my practice.
Maneeprom et al. (2019) conducted a quantitative study to examine the effectiveness of a robotic fall prevention program on knowledge, exercises, balance, and fall incidence among elderly in senior housings. The researchers used 64 elderly patients. Two-tailed statistical hypothesis was adopted for sample size calculation with senior housings selected using purposive sampling. The results of this study showed a statistically significant improvement in knowledge, number of exercises, and falls in the intervention group as compared to the control group. This article supports the PICOT by showing the enhanced benefits of utilizing fall detection and prevention technologies in healthcare.
Mulas et al. (2021) conducted quantitative research that verified the feasibility of wearable inertial sensors for gait and mobility disorders in Italian elderly persons. The researchers used 213 adults aged 65 years and above. Data on gait and TUG tests were obtained using wearable sensors while patients walked and performed activities that increased their risk of falls. The results of this study showed that wearable sensors effectively identified mobility parameters and indicators of physical and cognitive impairments. The research supports my PICOT statement by showing the enhanced benefits of automated technologies in reducing risk of falls and ensuring improved patient outcomes in clinical settings.
Saod et al. (2021) conducted quantitative study that determined the efficacy of wearable sensors in fall detection. The intervention entailed installing wearable sensors to volunteers that engaged in activities that cause falls. The sensors analyzed positional changes and notified in case of fall potential. The sensors had an accuracy rate of 97% and enhanced sensitivity in fall detection and notification. The article supports the PICOT by showing the efficacy of automated technologies in fall prevention.
Seow et al. (2022) conducted quantitative study that examined the effectiveness of an integrated three-mode bed exit alarm in reducing inpatient falls. The study was conducted in a 1700 bed acute care hospital using 17398 patient data. Data on patient falls were obtained from the hospital’s risk management system and verified by the managers. The results showed that the use of bed exit alarms reduced falls incidence, supporting the PICOT statement that automated fall technologies reduce and prevent falls.
Shahzad and Kim (2019) undertook quantitative study to examine the effectiveness of FallDropid system in monitoring and detecting falls among patients at risk. The study was experimental where the system was used among volunteers and patients at risk of falls. The system had an accuracy of 97.8%, sensitivity of 99.5%, and specificity of 95.2%. The article supports my PICOT by showing the enhanced efficacy of automated technologies in fall detection and prevention.
Usmani et al. (2021) conducted a systematic review using 33 articles to examine latest research trends in fall detection and prevention systems using machine learning. The researchers extracted data from the selected articles with a focus on the effectiveness of the technologies in fall detection and prevention. The results showed that fall detection and prevention systems have accuracy levels ranging from 86-100%. The article supports my PICOT by showing the efficacy of fall detection and prevention systems in nursing and healthcare.
Wilmink et al. (2020) conducted a quantitative pilot study to determine the effect of artificial intelligence-powered digital health and wearable platforms on health outcomes for older adults in assisted living communities. The researchers used 490 participants where their data was analyzed retrospectively for 24 months. Those in the intervention group utilized CarePRedict while those in the control received the usual care. The results showed that the use of digital health platform and wearable devices reduced hospitalization rate by 39%, fall rate by 69%, and length of hospital stay by 67%. The article supports the PICOT by showing the effect of automated technologies on hospitalization rate, stay, and fall rates.
Comparison of Articles
The articles share some similarities and differences. Most of the articles were quantitative studies while two were qualitative. Most of the articles examined the effectiveness of automated technologies in fall detection and prevention while two of them focused on user-experiences with the technologies. Most of the articles also used elderly participants to determine the effect of the technology while some used volunteers to experiment on the technology use in fall detection and prevention. The articles differed on some of the outcome measures. While most of them focused on fall rates with the use of the technologies, some examined sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of the technologies in detecting, notifying, and preventing falls.
Suggestions for Future Research
Researchers in the selected studies gave different suggestions for future research examining the effectiveness of fall detection and prevention technologies in nursing and healthcare. They included the need for future studies to explore strategies for minimizing false alarms in system development, studies to focus on large-scale implementation of the technologies to determine their true effect, and prolonging study duration to understand technology effectiveness. Researchers also recommended future interventions to incorporate wearable sensors to identify fall risk among hospitalized patients, using larger sample sizes, and randomization to enhance reliability of evidence.
Conclusion
In summary, the selected clinical issue is falls among hospitalized elderly patients. The proposed intervention entails the use of automated fall detection and prevention systems. The aim is to reduce falls at least by 50% in the practice site. The evidence supports the use of automated fall detection and prevention systems in nursing and healthcare.
References
Coahran, M., Hillier, L. M., Bussel, L. V., Black, E., Churchyard, R., Gutmanis, I., Ioannou, Y., Michael, K., Ross, T., & Mihailidis, A. (2018). Automated fall detection technology in inpatient geriatric psychiatry: Nurses’ perceptions and lessons learned. Canadian Journal on Aging / La Revue Canadienne Du Vieillissement, 37(3), 245–260. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0714980818000181
Gaspar, A. G. M., & Lapão, L. V. (2021). eHealth for addressing balance disorders in the elderly: Systematic review. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 23(4), e22215. https://doi.org/10.2196/22215
Joshi, M., Archer, S., Morbi, A., Ashrafian, H., Arora, S., Khan, S., Cooke, G., & Darzi, A. (2022). Perceptions on the use of wearable sensors and continuous monitoring in surgical patients: Interview study among surgical staff. JMIR Formative Research, 6(2), e27866. https://doi.org/10.2196/27866
Maneeprom, N., Taneepanichskul, S., Panza, A., & Suputtitada, A. (2019). <p>Effectiveness of robotics fall prevention program among elderly in senior housings, Bangkok, Thailand: A quasi-experimental study</p>. Clinical Interventions in Aging, 14, 335–346. https://doi.org/10.2147/CIA.S182336
Mulas, I., Putzu, V., Asoni, G., Viale, D., Mameli, I., & Pau, M. (2021). Clinical assessment of gait and functional mobility in Italian healthy and cognitively impaired older persons using wearable inertial sensors. Aging Clinical and Experimental Research, 33(7), 1853–1864. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40520-020-01715-9
Saod, A. H. M., Mustafa, A. A., Soh, Z. H. C., Ramlan, S. A., & Harron, N. A. (2021). Fall Detection System Using Wearable Sensors with Automated Notification. 2021 11th IEEE International Conference on Control System, Computing and Engineering (ICCSCE), 182–187. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCSCE52189.2021.9530983
Seow, J. P., Chua, T. L., Aloweni, F., Lim, S. H., & Ang, S. Y. (2022). Effectiveness of an integrated three-mode bed exit alarm system in reducing inpatient falls within an acute care setting. Japan Journal of Nursing Science: JJNS, 19(1), e12446. https://doi.org/10.1111/jjns.12446
Shahzad, A., & Kim, K. (2019). FallDroid: An automated smart-phone-based fall detection system using multiple kernel learning. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics, 15(1), 35–44. https://doi.org/10.1109/TII.2018.2839749
Usmani, S., Saboor, A., Haris, M., Khan, M. A., & Park, H. (2021). Latest research trends in fall detection and prevention using machine learning: A systematic review. Sensors, 21(15), Article 15. https://doi.org/10.3390/s21155134
Wilmink, G., Dupey, K., Alkire, S., Grote, J., Zobel, G., Fillit, H. M., & Movva, S. (2020). Artificial intelligence–powered digital health platform and wearable devices improve outcomes for older adults in assisted living communities: Pilot intervention study. JMIR Aging, 3(2), e19554. https://doi.org/10.2196/19554
Resources
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Implementation Science and Nursing Leadership: Improving the Adoption and Sustainability of Evidence-Based Practice
Read “Implementation Science and Nursing Leadership: Improving the Adoption and Sustainability of Evidence-Based Practice,” by Ne
… Read More
Evidence Based Medicine Toolkit
Explore the “Evidence Based Medicine Toolkit,” by Buckingham, Fisher, and Saunders (2012), located on the University of Alberta w
… Read More
http://www.ebm.med.ualberta.ca/
Striving for Evidence-Based Practice Innovations Through a Hybrid Model Journal Club: A Pilot Study
Read “Striving for Evidence-Based Practice Innovations Through a Hybrid Model Journal Club: A Pilot Study,” by Wilson, Ice, Nakas
… Read More
http://www.sciencedirect.com.lopes.idm.oclc.org/science/article/pii/S0260691715000817
A Leader’s Guide to Implementing Evidence-Based Practice: Lead the Way to Healthcare Quality and Safety
Read “A Leader’s Guide to Implementing Evidence-Based Practice: Lead the Way to Healthcare Quality and Safety,” by Tucker and Mel
… Read More
https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A616904277/AONE?u=canyonuniv&sid=AONE&xid=f2d66c7c
Advanced Nursing Research: From Theory to Practice
Read Chapters 1 and 2 in Advanced Nursing Research: From Theory to Practice.
View Resource
Evaluation of a Nurse Practitioner-Led Project to Improve Communication and Collaboration in the Acute Care Setting
Read “Evaluation of a Nurse Practitioner-Led Project to Improve Communication and Collaboration in the Acute Care Setting,” by Au
… Read More
https://lopes.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://ovidsp.ovid.com.lopes.idm.oclc.org/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&CSC=Y&NEWS=N&PAGE=fulltext&D=ovft&AN=01741002-900000000-99523&PDF=y
Evidence-Based Practice in Nursing and Healthcare : A Guide to Best Practice
Read Chapters 1-3 in Evidence-Based Practice in Nursing and Healthcare: A Guide to Best Practice.
View Resource
Centre for Evidence Based Medicine: About Us
Read “About Us” page of the Centre for Evidence Based Medicine (CEBM) website.
Evidence-Based Practice Tutorial
Read the Evidence-Based Practice tutorial, located on the Duke University website.
http://guides.mclibrary.duke.edu/c.php?g=158201&p=1036002
Evidence Based Medicine
Explore the Evidence Based Medicine page of the University of Illinois Library of the Health Sciences website. Use this website as a reso
… Read More
http://researchguides.uic.edu/ebm
Centre for Evidence Based Medicine: Resources
Explore the Resources page of the Centre for Evidence Based Medicine (CEBM) website.
Sample Answer 2 for NUR 550 Assignment Literature Review – Resubmission
Urinary Tract Infection is an infection that involves any part of the urinary system, including kidneys, ureters, urethra, and bladder. The common type of UTI is a healthcare-associated infection common in various healthcare organizations. CAUTI accounts for 75% of all the infections associated with the urinary urethra. Despite the cases of CAUTI receiving a great attention, the cases have remained high in the healthcare system. Therefore, measures which are taken to reduce CAUTI should have a positive impact in the patient outcome. The PICOT question guiding this research is: Among patients using indwelling urinary catheters, what is the efficacy of using CAUTI bundle care compared to no intervention in lowering the rates of CAUTI by 25% within six months? The purpose of this assignment is to write a review of the research articles and their comparisons concerning the provided evidence-based project.
Search Methods
A literature review is key to the success of the project. Therefore, a literature review was accomplished using databases accessed through the university. Some of them include Cochrane databases of systematic reviews. The American Journal of Psychiatry, Ovid, ProQuest, PubMed, MEDLINE, CINAHL, and journals by Professional organizations such as CDC using only recent articles of 5 years or less, and obtaining appropriate evidence from databases required using keywords related to the project topic. Therefore, the keywords used include urinary tract infection, bundle care intervention, and nurse education. These key words were essential in finding relevant articles that support the PICOT question.
Literature Review
Elkbuli et al. (2018) carried out a study on CAUTI among the trauma population. Their study aimed at determining whether the implementation of a 5-S CAUTI bundle would reduce CAUTI rates among trauma patients. This quantitative included 2926 trauma patients. The findings showed that 94 of these patients developed CAUTIs. Secondly, the average injury severity score was 16 in patients with CAUTIs compared with 9 in non-CAUTI patients (p < .0002). It was evident that the implementation of a 5-S CAUTI bundle would reduce CAUTI rates among trauma patients. Therefore, this article will support the PICOT question as it shows that using CAUTI bundles among trauma patients significantly reduces CAUTI rates.
Another article authored by Davies et al. (2018) also relays more information on the PICOT question. Their study compared pre and post-outcomes after the implementation of the CAUTI bundle. This quantitative study was carried out among 6236 patients in a trauma care environment. The findings showed that fewer patients in the post-bundle group received a urinary CAUTI bundle decreasing CAUTI rates in patients. This is the desired outcome that the PICOT question would want to meet.
The study by Reynolds et al. (2022) examined the effect and sustainability of a multifaceted intervention to reduce CAUTI rates. Their study occurred in three large adult intensive care units in a healthcare facility. The authors observed three different outcomes. For example, the urine culture rates dropped, catheter utilization also dropped, and CAUTI incidence rates. The findings of this study make it important in the evidence based-project as it shows an analysis of how a multifaceted approach led to reduced rates of CAUTI.
Mundle et al. (2020) conducted a study to explore the impact of implementing a CAUTI bundle care on developing CAUTI rates. This research took place in internal medicine units where all admitted patients were eligible to participate. The study found that using the intervention reduced the CAUTI rates by 79% among patients. This significant outcome makes the study reliable and important in supporting the proposed intervention since it shows a reduction in the rates of CAUTI upon using CAUTI bundles.
Another study by Sultan et al. (2022) focused on investigating the impact of using a CAUTI bundle in preventing CAUTI among critically ill patients. This research was done in intensive care units among 80 patients in an Egyptian hospital and found that implementing CAUTI bundle care reduced CAUTI by 50%. The outcome of this article is important in supporting the evidence-based project as it aligns with the desired outcome of the proposed PICOT question.
According to Tyson et al. (2020), implementing a nurse-driven protocol for catheter removal is important in decreasing the CAUTI rate. Their study aimed to compare the rates of CAUTI and indwelling urinary catheter use before and after using a nurse-driven CAUTI bundle approach among patients in the surgical trauma intensive care unit. They found that catheter utilization was reduced when nurse-driven protocols were implemented among the patients. In doing so, it is imperative to approve that the findings of this study are significant in supporting the proposed ideas on the PICOT question.
Another study by Shadle et al. (2021) also explored the impact of using CAUTI bundle care in reducing CAUTI rates. This study adopted a quantitative study design approach where the data on the study was collected from EHRs. The study found that no catheter-associated urinary tract infections were reported during the intervention period. This outcome shows that implementing bundle care among patients was important in reducing CAUTI rates. This article supports the proposed intervention since it showed that bundle care significantly reduced the rate of CAUTI in intensive care settings.
Pajerski et al. (2022) also researched CAUTI, where their research aimed to reduce the rates of CAUTI using a care bundle approach. This research was carried out in a traumatic brain injury rehabilitation unit. The findings of the study showed a significant reduction in CAUTI rates. The outcome of the study supports the findings of another author in supporting the importance of CAUTI bundle care in addressing the issue of CAUTI among patients. This supports the proposed intervention because the results show that utilization of the CAUTI bundle care approach reduced the CAUTI rates to zero during the intervention.
Soundaram et al. (2020) conducted a study to explore the effectiveness of implementing a CAUTI bundle in reducing CAUTI incidence. This study was carried out in the adult intensive care units, where every patient admitted to the units was recruited to participate. The study found that cases of CAUTI were reduced by 60%. This is a desired outcome that can be replicated in future studies. Consequently, this proposed intervention will support its implementation using this article as it has shown the efficacy of the CAUTI bundle in reducing the rates of CAUTI.
Another study by Ravi and Joshi (2018) aimed to explore the efficacy of the CAUTI care bundle in lowering the incidences of CAUTI. This research was conducted in a zonal hospital. The authors found that the catheter care bundle approach, along with the education of the staff, reduced the CAUTI incidence by 60.64. This outcome is important in the PICOT question as it supports the proposed intervention.
Comparison of the Articles
The articles in this study include the ideas of various authors on the efficacy of using CAUTI bundle care. The selected articles approached their research question using a quantitative research design, making these studies look similar on the approach design that these empirical studies apply to address the issue of CAUTI bundle care. Again, the articles have varying sampled participants. While others have large sampled patients, others resorted to acquiring information from electronic health records. The intervention used in each study differs in the ways of data analysis and the tools deployed in analyzing the collected data. However, they reach an outcome that supports the significance of the bundle care intervention. Therefore, all these articles are significant in supporting the ideas of the proposed intervention as they approach CAUTI through various interventions that give a positive result.
Suggestions for Future Research
In the future, more studies must develop a more technological approach to CAUTI. More studies in the recent past include the importance of technologically generated patient data to address an issue such as CAUTI. The inclusion of these strategies in the future would enable studies to consider a wide range of data through the years and analyze the trend over time. Such studies are significant in giving an outcome with high generalizability. This would create another line of thinking in research that could improve quality. Besides, it supports the use of technology in offering bundle care intervention.
Conclusion
CAUTI is one of the common issues in healthcare that has been attracting the attention of many scholars worldwide. The above review shows the findings of various scholars on the issues and the direction that future research on bundle care would have on CAUTI. The constant improvement of patient safety and quality will be defined by the drastic reduction of healthcare issues such as CAUTI within the healthcare system. Therefore, these studies’ outcome effectively supports the proposed intervention.
References
Davies, P. E., Daley, M. J., Hecht, J., Hobbs, A., Burger, C., Watkins, L., … & Brown, C. V. (2018). Effectiveness of a bundled approach to reduce urinary catheters and infection rates in trauma patients. American Journal of Infection Control, 46(7), 758-763 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2017.11.032
Elkbuli, A., Miller, A., Boneva, D., Puyana, S., Bernal, E., Hai, S., & McKenney, M. (2018). Targeting catheter-associated urinary tract infections in a trauma population: a 5-S bundle preventive approach. Journal of Trauma Nursing| JTN, 25(6), 366–373. 10.1097/JTN.0000000000000403
Mundle, W., Howell-Belle, C., & Jeffs, L. (2020). Preventing catheter-associated urinary tract infection: A multipronged collaborative approach. Journal of Nursing Care Quality, 35(1), 83-87. Doi: 10.1097/NCQ.0000000000000418
Pajerski, D. M., Harlan, M. D., Ren, D., & Tuite, P. K. (2022). A clinical nurse specialist–led initiative to reduce catheter-associated urinary tract infection rates using a best practice guideline. Clinical Nurse Specialist, 36(1), 20-28.Doi: 10.1097/NUR.0000000000000643.
Ravi, P. R., & Joshi, M. C. (2018). Role of “bladder care bundle” and “infection control nurse” in reducing catheter-associated urinary tract infection in a peripheral hospital. Journal of Marine Medical Society, 20(2), 116. Doi: 10.4103/jmms.jmms_8_18
Reynolds, S. S., Sova, C. D., Lewis, S. S., Smith, B. A., Wrenn, R. H., Turner, N. A., & Advani, S. D. (2022). Sustained reduction in catheter-associated urinary tract infections using multifaceted strategies led by champions: a quality improvement initiative. Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology, 43(7), 925-929. https://doi.org/10.1017/ice.2021.135
Shadle, H. N., Sabol, V., Smith, A., Stafford, H., Thompson, J. A., & Bowers, M. (2021). A bundle-based approach to prevent catheter-associated urinary tract infections in the intensive care unit. Critical Care Nurse, 41(2), 62-71. https://doi.org/10.4037/ccn2021934
Soundaram, G. V., Sundaramurthy, R., Jeyashree, K., Ganesan, V., Arunagiri, R., & Charles, J. (2020). Impact of care bundle implementation on the incidence of catheter-associated urinary tract infection: A comparative study in intensive care units of a tertiary care teaching hospital in South India. Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine: Peer-reviewed, Official Publication of Indian Society of Critical Care Medicine, 24(7), 544. https://doi.org/10.5005%2Fjp-journals-10071-23473
Sultan, M. A., Ahmed, H., & Kandeel, N. A. (2022). The Effect of Implementing CAUTIs Bundle on Prevention of Hospital-Acquired Urinary Tract Infections among Critically Ill Patients. Mansoura Nursing Journal, 9(1), 141-153. https://mnj.journals.ekb.eg/article_259013_7bf12c0832ee68848bd1ddcedfa1e4f7.pdf
Tyson, A. F., Campbell, E. F., Spangler, L. R., Ross, S. W., Reinke, C. E., Passaretti, C. L., & Sing, R. F. (2020). Implementation of a nurse-driven protocol for catheter removal to decrease catheter-associated urinary tract infection rate in a surgical trauma ICU. Journal of Intensive Care Medicine, 35(8), 738-744. https://doi.org/10.1177/0885066618781304
Sample Answer 3 for NUR 550 Assignment Literature Review – Resubmission
The clinical problem for my research is the use of cognitive behavioral therapy in combination with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors in African American patients suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder. The results will be compared with those reported from a group of patients with post-traumatic disorder but using selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors alone. The period of study will be ten months. According to evidence, people from the African American ethnicity have a high risk of being affected by post-traumatic stress disorder when compared to those from other ethnicities. They are also highly vulnerable to poor course of the disease, which increases their risk of severe functional as well as psychosocial disabilities (Hall-Clark et al., 2016). Several factors contribute to the poor outcomes of post-traumatic stress disorder in this population. They include the stigmatization they undergo, cultural differences in emotional expression, high socioeconomic disparities among them, and the existence of pervasive incidences of crimes in their societies. The treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder has traditionally focused on the use of pharmacological interventions to manage its symptoms and prevent relapse. However, there is an increasing focus where the disease is treated with combined therapy involving non-pharmacological interventions and pharmacological interventions (Akbarian et al., 2015). An example is the focus of this paper where a comparison in the use of combined therapy (cognitive behavioral therapy and pharmacotherapy) and pharmacotherapy alone in treating post-traumatic stress disorder is made.
Methods
The articles used in this research were obtained from searching various databases. The databases included EMBASE, CINAHL, Cochrane, EBSCOhost, and MEDLINE. The articles were obtained using search terms that included post-traumatic stress disorder, cognitive behavioral therapy in post-traumatic stress disorder, cognitive behavioral therapy and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors in post-traumatic stress disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder in African Americans, and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors in post-traumatic stress disorder. A specific inclusion and exclusion criteria was used in determining the articles to be used in this research. Firstly, the articles must have been published within the last five years. The articles must have investigated the use of cognitive behavioral therapy and pharmacological interventions in post-traumatic stress disorder or pharmacological interventions alone. The study population was not specific. This was because limited evidence exists on the use of either combined therapy of pharmacotherapy or pharmacotherapy alone in treating post-traumatic stress disorder in African Americans. The selected articles were utilized to obtain insights into the efficacy of the intervention in the management of post-traumatic stress disorder in African American population.
Literature Synthesis
Five articles were selected for this review. One of them is the article by Akbarian et al. (2015), which investigated the effectiveness of using cognitive behavioral therapy in managing symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder. Cognitive behavioral therapy was utilized alongside pharmacological interventions. The researchers used 40 study participants who were suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder. The participants were under psychopharmacological treatment and were assigned randomly to either treatment or control group. The participants in the intervention group were enrolled in ten session groups of cognitive behavioral therapy. The results of the study revealed that the symptoms of depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, and anxiety decreased with the administration of the intervention. Significant improvements were reported in patients who were assigned to the intervention group. The results also showed that the use of the intervention resulted in an improvement in symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder and autobiographical memory (Akbarian et al., 2015). This study supports my area of research in that it shows the efficacy of incorporating cognitive behavioral therapy in the management of post-traumatic stress disorder. It shows that incorporating cognitive behavioral therapy to pharmacological interventions optimizes the outcomes of care.
The study by Leiva-Bianchi et al. (2018) was also chosen for this review. The researchers explored the effectiveness of using cognitive behavioral therapy in managing symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder among victims of Chilean earthquake. The researchers utilized a quasi-experimental study design where the study participants were divided into three groups. Cognitive behavioral therapy was administered to the participants in the control group. The participants in the intervention group received complete treatment where they were enrolled for double sessions of cognitive behavioral therapy. The measurements of focus in the study included the level of symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder before and after the administration of the treatment. The outcomes of this research revealed a significant decline in the symptoms of post-traumatic depression to a level below the dangerous levels was reported in the group that received complete treatment. Therefore, the authors recommended the use of cognitive behavioral therapy in conjunction with pharmacotherapy to optimize the health outcomes of patients with post-traumatic stress disorder (Leiva-Bianchi et al., 2018). This study supports my research focus by showing that the use of combined therapy is effective in promoting optimum health of patients with post-traumatic stress disorder.
The research by Adelufosi et al. (2017) was also selected for this analysis. The research aimed at exploring the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy in managing symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder in women and girls with the experience of female genital mutilation. The researchers performed a systematic review of studies conducted on the use of cognitive behavioral therapy in post-traumatic stress disorder. The outcomes revealed that while there is limited evidence on the efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy in post-traumatic stress disorder, the existing evidence points towards its superiority in symptom management. Accordingly, the use of thee therapy promotes suppression of symptoms of the disorder, thereby, minimizing functional and psychosocial disabilities in the affected (Adelufosi et al., 2017). This study will support my research by showing that the several studies that have been conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy have shown it to be effective in the management of post-traumatic stress disorder.
The other study utilized in this analysis is the research by Keen, Hunter and Peters (2017). The study aimed at investigating the effect of integrated trauma focused cognitive behavioral therapy in the management of symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder and psychotic symptoms. The researchers used nine participants who had symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder and psychotic symptoms. They were then assessed before, during and after the study to determine the effectiveness of the intervention. The intervention was individualized based on the identified needs. It was administered in five sessions that aimed at guiding the participants understand effective emotional control, hence, reduction of the symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder. The outcomes of the research showed that the intervention resulted in a significant decline in symptoms that included delusions, hallucinations, depression, and anxiety in the participants. There was also an overall improvement in the quality of life and wellbeing of the participants. This research supports my research by showing that the use of cognitive behavioral therapy with pharmacotherapy has enhanced benefits in patients with post-traumatic stress disorder.
The last study selected for this review is the research by Sarimin and Tololiu (2017). The research explored the effectiveness of using cognitive behavioral therapy when compared to cognitive behavioral therapy plus play in children with post-traumatic stress disorder. The researchers utilized quasi-experimental study design where the intervention was administered to the participants and assessed for outcomes used for comparative purposes. The assessment data was obtained before, during, and after the study to determine the effect of the intervention. The results revealed that there was a decline in the score of post-traumatic stress disorder in children both in the control and treatment group. However, the reduction was higher in children who were assigned to the cognitive behavioral therapy plus play, group. Therefore, it was concluded that while cognitive behavioral therapy might prove effective in managing post-traumatic stress disorder, additional interventions could enhance the outcomes of care further. Therefore, this research aligns with my research by showing the efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy plus any other intervention that aims at improving the outcomes of care.
Analysis of the above articles has shown that the use of cognitive behavioral therapy is effective in the management of post-traumatic stress disorder. The efficacy is enhanced in cases where there is the addition of another intervention to optimize the outcomes of care. Despite this evidence, there are weaknesses associated with the selected articles. Firstly, the samples used in the studies are not representative. The samples were small, making generalization of the findings inappropriate. The other weakness is the minimal focus on African Americans. Therefore, it leaves a huge gap in evidence on the effectiveness of the intervention. Nevertheless, the available evidence shows the possibility of enhanced outcomes with the use of cognitive behavioral therapy plus pharmacotherapy in the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder.
References
Adelufosi, A., Edet, B., Arikpo, D., Aquaisua, E., & Meremikwu, M. M. (2017). Cognitive behavioral therapy for post‐traumatic stress disorder, depression, or anxiety disorders in women and girls living with female genital mutilation: A systematic review. International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics, 136, 56-59.
Akbarian, F., Bajoghli, H., Haghighi, M., Kalak, N., Holsboer-Trachsler, E., & Brand, S. (2015). The effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy with respect to psychological symptoms and recovering autobiographical memory in patients suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder. Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment, 11, 395.
Hall-Clark, B., Sawyer, B., Golik, A., & Asnaani, A. (2016). Racial/ethnic differences in symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder. Current Psychiatry Reviews, 12(2), 124-138.
Keen, N., Hunter, E., & Peters, E. (2017). Integrated trauma-focused cognitive-behavioural therapy for post-traumatic stress and psychotic symptoms: a case-series study using imaginal reprocessing strategies. Frontiers in psychiatry, 8, 92.
Leiva-Bianchi, M., Cornejo, F., Fresno, A., Rojas, C., & Serrano, C. (2018). Effectiveness of cognitive-behavioural therapy for post-disaster distress in post-traumatic stress symptoms after Chilean earthquake and tsunami. Gaceta sanitaria, 32, 291-296.
Sarimin, D. S., & Tololiu, T. A. (2017). Effectivenes of cognitive behavior therapy in comparison to CBT-Plus play therapy among children with post-traumatic stress disorder in manado, Indonesia. International journal of research in medical sciences, 1589-1593.
NUR-550 Literature Review – Resubmission – Rubric
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NUR-550 Resubmission of Literature Review
50 points
Criteria Description
NUR-550 Resubmission of Literature Review
- 5: Excellent
50 points
The Literature Review paper from NUR-550 is submitted.
- 4: Good
46 points
NA
- 3: Satisfactory
44 points
NA
- 2: Less Than Satisfactory
40 points
NA
- 1: Unsatisfactory
0 points
The Literature Review paper from NUR-550 is not submitted.