NUR 630 Overview of Quality in Health Care
Grand Canyon University NUR 630 Overview of Quality in Health Care-Step-By-Step Guide
This guide will demonstrate how to complete the Grand Canyon University NUR 630 Overview of Quality in Health Care assignment based on general principles of academic writing. Here, we will show you the A, B, Cs of completing an academic paper, irrespective of the instructions. After guiding you through what to do, the guide will leave one or two sample essays at the end to highlight the various sections discussed below.
How to Research and Prepare for NUR 630 Overview of Quality in Health Care
Whether one passes or fails an academic assignment such as the Grand Canyon University NUR 630 Overview of Quality in Health Care depends on the preparation done beforehand. The first thing to do once you receive an assignment is to quickly skim through the requirements. Once that is done, start going through the instructions one by one to clearly understand what the instructor wants. The most important thing here is to understand the required format—whether it is APA, MLA, Chicago, etc.
After understanding the requirements of the paper, the next phase is to gather relevant materials. The first place to start the research process is the weekly resources. Go through the resources provided in the instructions to determine which ones fit the assignment. After reviewing the provided resources, use the university library to search for additional resources. After gathering sufficient and necessary resources, you are now ready to start drafting your paper.
How to Write the Introduction for NUR 630 Overview of Quality in Health Care
The introduction for the Grand Canyon University NUR 630 Overview of Quality in Health Care is where you tell the instructor what your paper will encompass. In three to four statements, highlight the important points that will form the basis of your paper. Here, you can include statistics to show the importance of the topic you will be discussing. At the end of the introduction, write a clear purpose statement outlining what exactly will be contained in the paper. This statement will start with “The purpose of this paper…” and then proceed to outline the various sections of the instructions.
How to Write the Body for NUR 630 Overview of Quality in Health Care
After the introduction, move into the main part of the NUR 630 Overview of Quality in Health Care assignment, which is the body. Given that the paper you will be writing is not experimental, the way you organize the headings and subheadings of your paper is critically important. In some cases, you might have to use more subheadings to properly organize the assignment. The organization will depend on the rubric provided. Carefully examine the rubric, as it will contain all the detailed requirements of the assignment. Sometimes, the rubric will have information that the normal instructions lack.
Another important factor to consider at this point is how to do citations. In-text citations are fundamental as they support the arguments and points you make in the paper. At this point, the resources gathered at the beginning will come in handy. Integrating the ideas of the authors with your own will ensure that you produce a comprehensive paper. Also, follow the given citation format. In most cases, APA 7 is the preferred format for nursing assignments.
How to Write the Conclusion for NUR 630 Overview of Quality in Health Care
After completing the main sections, write the conclusion of your paper. The conclusion is a summary of the main points you made in your paper. However, you need to rewrite the points and not simply copy and paste them. By restating the points from each subheading, you will provide a nuanced overview of the assignment to the reader.
How to Format the References List for NUR 630 Overview of Quality in Health Care
The very last part of your paper involves listing the sources used in your paper. These sources should be listed in alphabetical order and double-spaced. Additionally, use a hanging indent for each source that appears in this list. Lastly, only the sources cited within the body of the paper should appear here.
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The primary role of patient safety is to reduce and prevent perils, errors, and maltreatment that may occur to patients during healthcare provision. In the US, the leading cause of death is medical errors. Unmasking and providing a consistent, viable solution to medical mistakes is challenging (Zhang et al., 2019). However, the government can enhance patient safety by distinguishing untoward events, learning from them, and implementing preventive measures to reduce occurrence rates. The purpose of this paper is to discuss medical errors as a safety concern in health care delivery.
The Issues and Associated Challenges
Medical errors are a serious public health problem that has been a leading cause of death in the US and other parts of the world. The challenge always exists in uncovering a consistent cause of the medical error. Besides, even if a consistent cause of the error is found, providing a viable solution always remains a challenge (Assiri et al., 2018). Health care professionals are human beings who are also prone to errors because they experience psychological effects such as depression, anger, and suicidal thoughts because of the perceived errors (Menon et al., 2020). The fear of punishment always makes these healthcare professionals refrain from reporting the errors making these errors persistent in health care delivery.
The increasing cases of medical errors in outpatient settings result from risky behaviors by healthcare workers. Most outpatient care providers lack time and resources for patient safety efforts. The risk behavior includes not double-checking high alert medications before dispensing and failure to check important patient information such as allergies, weight, and co-morbid conditions (Assiri et al., 2018). Medication errors also arise due to the failure to educate patients on the rational use of medications. Secondly, government efforts on patients’ safety are not relevant to outpatient care since they focus more on hospital issues (Assiri et al., 2018). Successful implementation of outpatient safety strategies requires the federal government to come up with clear policies regarding outpatients’ services and ensure outpatient health providers are skilled and with adequate resources to guarantee patient safety.
How EBP, Research, and QI would be Utilized to Address the Issue
Federal initiatives aim at improving patient safety by ratifying measures that can increase accountability among health care professionals. For instance, one of the federal initiatives implemented to prevent accidental death due to medication errors is TeamSTEPPS. It is an evidence-based practice whose primary objective is to improve the performance of health experts by enabling them to respond promptly and effectively in different situations (Tore et al., 2021). TeamSTEPPS program emphasizes four skills: communication, leadership, situation monitoring, and mutual support to improve team performance. The tools are one of the powerful tools used in developing evidence-based teamwork to improve communication among healthcare professionals. Increased human errors always arise from the communication system in healthcare. A delay in communication among professionals is enough to cause a patient’s life in health care centers. Therefore, TeamSTEPPS provides increased safety and quality of patient care by eliminating a barrier to safety and quality.
Research done on medical errors has been effective in solving the problem partially. The dynamic nature of the problem has been affecting the researcher’s ability to find a long-lasting solution for the problem. However, numerous scholars have contended that maintaining a culture that works towards realizing safety issues and ratifying viable solutions is significant in solving the issue of medical errors in healthcare. The culture of safety does not compare to that culture harboring blame, punishment, and shame (Assiri et al., 2018). The health care society needs to develop a culture of safety where both patients and nurses feel safe. Besides, the culture of safety would also focus on a system of improvement by viewing medical errors as challenges that can be approached and solved in a better and more effective manner. All healthcare professionals need to play a major role in making healthcare safe for patients and healthcare workers. Self-discipline and patience among health care workersare important in developing a strong professional team that effectively approaches a problem in solving medical errors.
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Heightening the application of technology in health care is a quality improvement measure that plays a significantrole in reducing medical errors in healthcare. Before the intenseapplication of technology in healthcare, human errors were at their pinnacle as compared to the generation of technology (Zhang et al., 2019). For instance, modern healthcare technology comes with improved communication and automation of systems that limit health care professionals from making errors that can cost patients’ lives. Improving electronic medical records documentation through the EHR systems is important in limiting confusion of particular medication offered to patients (Billstein-Leber et al., 2018). Besides, it augments professional communication, allowing nurses and physicians to dispense their healthcare duties with minimal errors. The increased medical errors in healthcare institutions pave the way for constructive changes aligning with the current technology to increase quality and safety in healthcare.
QI Process Chosen
Incorporating the PDSA model as Quality Improvement (QI) for solving the issue of medical errors would be important increasing patient safety. The model is the shorthand meant to test the planned change, carry out the tests, observe and learn from the consequence, and determine the required modification that would effectively solve the proposed problem. The reason for choosing the PSDA model as a QI process is that it can test a proposed change (Leis & Shojania, 2017). The issues of medical errors are dynamic, implying that a measure taken now to solve the problem might not be effective after one or two years. This calls for the need to test changes and make improvements where necessary. Each of the proposed changes in healthcare would be subjected to the PDSA cycles that would aid in ascertaining their ability to solve the problem of medical errors in healthcare. Therefore, the model is important in ensuring that the planned change positively affects the quality of health care.
Data Sources for Outcome and Process
Administrative data and nurse surveys are the main sources of data for unveiling the extent of medical errors in health care. The need to protect health care professionals and the management of health care institutions does not allow them to record the cause of death of a patient as caused by medical error. Therefore, patient medical records might not unveil the exact data that would be important in solving the issue (Zhang et al., 2019). The data on the outcome process on the medical errors’ interventions would come from the nurse surveys as the nurses would table their experience about these errors in the past. The nurse surveys would as well be important in realizing the current state of the problem and how the problem might change in the future. The process data would also come from administrative data. This data would show some of the past cases of errors that the health care system has been dealing with in the past (Zhang et al., 2019). Besides, they outline the past measures that were taken to ensure that medical errors reduce among healthcare professionals.
Capturing and Dissemination of Data
The collected information from the questionnaires from the nurses and the administration would be done through an online survey. The online survey allows responses to be transmitted electronically. Besides, the electronically transmitted data would allow easy comparison and development of a particular trend (Tore et al., 2021).Electronic capturing and disseminating data is easier, thus reducing research time and selecting effective measures to reduce falls among patients. Moreover, capturing data from nurses and other professionals through an online system reduces the survey time and provides the professional with a better time to participate in the survey as they are offered in their free time.
Organizational Culture Considerations will be Essential to the Success of the Work
Confidentiality among the nurses and other healthcare professionals is one of the organizational cultures that would be important in addressing the issue. The clinic or management of healthcare institutions might be afraid to provide data on human error, and thus, they have to ensure effective confidentiality when giving such information. Trust developed among health care professionals, and administration would be important in solving issues of medical errors as they would be better placed in developing and implementing effective options that solve the issue (Tore et al., 2021). The connection between healthcare workers is also important in learning cultural competencies that aid in improving health care outcomes among patients with a high risk of falling.
Conclusion
Medical errors are a serious issue in healthcare delivery, but they have an effective solution. The combination of research leads to the development of new evidence-based practices that improve quality and safety in healthcare. Intense testing of procedures that can lead to error reduction in health care is one of the effective ways to meet the ultimate solution of the problem.
References
Assiri, G. A., Shebl, N. A., Mahmoud, M. A., Aloudah, N., Grant, E., Aljadhey, H., & Sheikh, A. (2018). What is the epidemiology of medication errors, error-related adverse events and risk factors for errors in adults managed in community care contexts? A systematic review of the international literature. BMJ open, 8(5), e019101.http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-019101.
Billstein-Leber, M., Carrillo, C. J. D., Cassano, A. T., Moline, K., & Robertson, J. J. (2018). ASHP guidelines on preventing medication errors in hospitals. American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy, 75(19), 1493-1517.DOI 10.2146/ajhp170811
Leis, J. A., & Shojania, K. G. (2017). A primer on PDSA: executing plan–do–study–act cycles in practice, not just in name. BMJ quality & safety, 26(7), 572-577.http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjqs-2016-006245.
Menon, N. K., Shanafelt, T. D., Sinsky, C. A., Linzer, M., Carlasare, L., Brady, K. J., … & Trockel, M. T. (2020). Association of physician burnout with suicidal ideation and medical errors. JAMA network open, 3(12), e2028780-e2028780.Doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.28780
Tore, K., Hall-Lord, M. L., Wangensteen, S., & Ballangrud, R. (2021). Bachelor of nursing students’ attitudes toward teamwork in healthcare: The impact of implementing a teamSTEPPS® team training program—A longitudinal, quasi-experimental study. Nurse Education Today, 105180.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2021.105180
Zhang, X., Li, Q., Guo, Y., & Lee, S. Y. (2019). From organisational support to second victim‐related distress: Role of patient safety culture. Journal of nursing management, 27(8), 1818-1825. https://doi.org/10.1111/jonm.12881
A health care organization’s core mandate is to provide the necessary environment and resources for quality care. Patient safety should also be a primary consideration. As health care organizations strive to achieve such goals, process and outcome challenges dominate routine care. As a result, care quality and safety concerns are typical and require health care professionals to devise innovative solutions to address them appropriately. Quality improvement is also crucial as processes become inefficient over time. The purpose of this paper is to describe a familiar patient safety concern and how evidence-based practice, research, and performance improvement (PI) would be utilized to address the issue. Other discussion areas include data sources, dissemination, and organizational culture considerations.
The Issue and Associated Challenges
Patients visit health care organizations looking forward to accurate diagnosis and treatment. They also hope to get appropriate support and treatment with the dignity and respect they deserve. Unfortunately, patient neglect has been a genuine patient safety concern due to nurse burnout stemming from the influx of COVID-19 patients. The COVID-19 pandemic has altered many practice dynamics, including workplace routines and roles designated to nurses. Rose et al. (2021) found that dealing with the pandemic has adversely affected nurses’ mental, emotional, and physical health due to increased workload and uncertainty about the end of the pandemic. Besides, many nurses worry about getting infected and infecting their families and friends. As a result, most of them lack the motivation to engage in pandemic management in health care settings (Rose et al., 2021). Nurse burnout and lack of motivation are the leading causes of patient neglect.
Patient neglect is associated with many challenges. It results in untreated medical conditions, leading to readmissions and extended hospital stays. Health costs increase proportionately with an increase in readmissions and hospital stays. Admitted patients are also likely to suffer from bedsores and atrophy. Patient neglect also leads to second victim syndrome. Ozeke et al. (2019) defined second victim syndrome as the shame, guilt, and compassion dissatisfaction characterizing nurses after committing errors. In this case, nurses feel guilty about their actions, disturbing them mentally and emotionally. This further intensifies nurse burnout and reduces motivation to engage in patient care.
Application of EBP, Research, and PI to Address Patient Neglect
Addressing patient neglect requires developing innovative solutions for nurse burnout. EBP would be utilized to find scientific evidence to integrate with clinical evidence and patient preferences to enhance patient outcomes (Chien, 2019). Utilizing EBP would first require developing a clinical question to address through the PICOT (problem, intervention, comparison, outcome, and time) approach. The problem is nurse burnout, and possible interventions include opportunities for self-care, resilience building, and increasing nursing staff. The expected outcome is preventing patient neglect. Time varies depending on resources and the scope of the EBP project. Utilizing self-care or resilience-building should achieve the desired results within six months.
Research implies generating new knowledge. Unlike EBP, which relies on the available evidence, research is intensive and time-consuming. The quest for new knowledge is crucial in discovering new advancements for promoting health and understanding issues in more detail (Chien, 2019). Unlike EBP and PI, research is not primarily about clinical issues, albeit the same objective- improving population health. Regarding patient neglect, research would focus on examining the factors reducing nurses’ motivation to engage in COVID-19 management. The knowledge gained can guide practice change through EBP projects, policymaking, or PI interventions.
Health care organizations should continually assess their performance and address current and emerging gaps. PI is the quest for better methods, processes, and outcomes. It is a framework for improving care by standardizing processes, reducing variations, and improving patient outcomes (Comfere et al., 2020). The primary focus areas include how care is delivered and the achieved results compared to the desired results. In addressing patient neglect, PI would be the foundation for improving patient experiences. Health care professionals would assess the current methods used in nurses’ motivation to participate in pandemic management and improve them to reduce nurse burnout as much as possible. Reducing nurse burnout would lead to better performance overall.
PI Process
PI is primarily about assessing performance gaps and utilizing proven strategies to achieve better results. For nurses experiencing burnout due to stress in managing the COVID-19 pandemic, resilience-building would perfectly apply to their situation. From a performance dimension, resilience helps health care professionals to adapt successfully in the face of adversity (The Joint Commission, 2019). It entails developing support systems to combat workplace stressors and a culture that promotes mutual openness and knowledge to prevent burnout. To a significant extent, coping with the COVID-19 pandemic requires adaptation to new workplace policies, roles, and workload. Resilience is crucial to enabling nurses to have a positive mindset and adapt to changes as situations prompt.
The main reason for selecting resilience building is its suitability, ease of implementation, and targeted outcomes. Resilient nurses can effectively cope with physical, mental, and emotional stress. Resilience also improves positivity and the ability to mount a robust response to unforeseen and unexpected demands (The Joint Commission, 2019). Implementation requires resilience training for adaptation tips such as self-care, exercises, and meditation. Nurses can also be trained on how to work in groups in the face of adversity. Resilience building also teaches nurses to perceive changes as manageable while strengthening their emotional and mental ability to cope with change.
Data Sources
Data guides decision-making. It enables change proponents and health care professionals to make informed decisions when choosing performance improvement strategies. Clinical records would be a suitable outcome data source for patient negligence reported cases. A comparative analysis of reported cases before and after the pandemic outbreak will be the basis for supporting resilience training. Process data can be obtained from observations or interviews with nurses. For instance, nurses can be interviewed about their experiences with patient care during the pandemic and how the changes have affected their attitude, well-being, and interprofessional engagement. The identified problems will guide whether resilience training can achieve the desired results or should be supplemented with other strategies.
Data Capturing and Dissemination
Data will primarily be captured through questionnaires. Phillips et al. (2021) found questionnaires very effective in data capturing due to their scalability and respondent anonymity. Respondents who are guaranteed anonymity are encouraged to respond truthfully on sensitive matters such as the effects of nurse burnout on their well-being. More data will be captured through reports during and after resilience training. Such data will analyze the importance of resilience training and its application in addressing patient negligence. Dissemination implies sharing information and intervention resources with the appropriate clinical audience. Effective dissemination strategies include data presentation to the facility’s management, publishing a policy brief, and a system-wide presentation about the current problem and intervention strategies.
Organizational Culture Considerations
Performance improvement implies changing the current practices and approaches to work for better outcomes. Like EBP, performance improvement is change-oriented. As a result, the type of organizational culture will be essential to the success of resilience training. For instance, flexibility, collaboration, and valuing every individual contribution to organizational growth are defining principles of a clan culture (Alsaqqa & Akyürek, 2021). Adhocracy emphasizes risk-taking, innovation, and flexibility. The type of culture determines whether the organization will support change. The other organizational culture consideration is the readiness to change. Organizations with rigid structures are not adaptive and flexible to change. Such structures hamper change, and performance improvement may not get the necessary support.
Conclusion
Health care professionals encounter many issues hampering care quality or patient safety. Using their clinical expertise or scientific evidence, nurses should help organizations improve performance by recommending appropriate solutions for patient safety issues. As discussed in this paper, patient negligence due to nurses’ lack of motivation to engage in COVID-19 management stems from nurse burnout. Nurses are more emotionally, mentally, and physically drained than before the pandemic. The uncertainty of when the pandemic will end and the fear of infection worry them. Since the situation requires an attitude shift to adapt effectively, resilience training is crucial for performance improvement.
References
Alsaqqa, H. H., & Akyürek, Ç. E. (2021). Assessment of organizational culture types, leadership styles and their relationships within governmental and non-governmental hospitals in Gaza Strip of Palestine. BMC Health Services Research, 21(1), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-021-06351-1
Chien, L. Y. (2019). Evidence-based practice and nursing research. The Journal of Nursing Research: JNR, 27(4), e29. https://doi.org/10.1097/jnr.0000000000000346
Comfere, N. I., Matulis, J. C., 3rd, & O’Horo, J. C. (2020). Quality improvement and healthcare: The Mayo Clinic quality Academy experience. Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and other Mycobacterial Diseases, 20, 100170. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jctube.2020.100170
Ozeke, O., Ozeke, V., Coskun, O., & Budakoglu, I. I. (2019). Second victims in health care: Current perspectives. Advances in Medical Education and Practice, 10, 593-603. https://dx.doi.org/10.2147%2FAMEP.S185912
Phillips, A. W., Durning, S. J., & Artino, A. R. (2021). Survey methods for medical and health professions education: A six-step approach. Elsevier.
Rose, S., Hartnett, J., & Pillai, S. (2021). Healthcare worker’s emotions, perceived stressors and coping mechanisms during the COVID-19 pandemic. Plos One, 16(7), e0254252. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0254252
The Joint Commission. (2019). Quick safety. https://www.jointcommission.org/-/media/tjc/newsletters/quick_safety_nurse_resilience_final_7_19_19pdf.pdf