NURS 6630 major depressive disorder (MDD), obsessive compulsive disorder(OCD), panic disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), social anxiety disorder and premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD)
NURS 6630 major depressive disorder (MDD), obsessive compulsive disorder(OCD), panic disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), social anxiety disorder and premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD)
In this case study, the patient is an African-American child admitted to the healthcare facility accompanied by the mother. The boy is experiencing symptoms of depression. Some of the reported symptoms include withdrawal, reduced appetite, and often gets angry on the slightest provocation (Laureate Education, 2016). However, the patient exhibits good physical outlook with normal results from the laboratory testing. Additionally, the patient’s developmental stages were all attained at the appropriate age hence the need to carry out more assessment on the patient’s psychological condition.
Further analysis reveals the patient has sad feelings and always thinks about being dead and how it would be like when he is dead. However, he does not approve of committing suicide and has no such ideas in mind. The patient is in a sad mood during the interview but at some points during the interview he smiles normally (Laureate Education, 2016). The purpose of this paper is to consider a proper plan for the treatment of the patient. The plan focuses on the decision tree with emphasis on proper communication with the patient and observance of all the related ethical standards to be met.
Decision Point 1
Begin Zoloft 25 mg orally daily
Why Select Zoloft 25mg Oral Daily Dose?
The drug is classified as an anti-depressant that works on the principle of inhibition of the selective uptake of serotonin. It is the prescribed medication for major depressive disorder (MDD), obsessive compulsive disorder(OCD), panic disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), social anxiety disorder and premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD). The 25mg daily dosage is the appropriate and recommended oral dose for children. Zoloft has proved to be effective in treatment of children with OCD for ages between six and seventeen years (Garland et al., 2016).
What is the expected outcome on making this decision?
This prescribed drug is aimed at reducing the patient’s sad mood, improving the patient’s appetite and boosting their feelings for self and social interactions (Neavin, Joyce & Swintak, 2018). The drug will also alleviate the feelings of death hence making the patient appreciate life and improve his general feeling about life. Additionally, Zoloft is appropriate for the age of the patient who is eight years old and there is less side effects expected on the patient.
Expected Vs. Actual Results
After a period of four weeks the patient returned to the health facility for follow up. The patient still had symptoms of depression. This was contrary from the expected outcome because the SSRIs have a slow action mechanism associated with late improvement of the depression symptoms.
Decision Point 2
Double up the dosage to 50mg daily
Why take this decision?
It is recommended to double up the dosage if the patient does not show any improvement within a period of four weeks (Garland et al., 2016). The use of Prozac 10mg daily dosage is not the appropriate decision at the moment because it is only recommended if there is no improvement of the patient’s condition after six weeks (Neavin et al., 2018).
What is the expected outcome on making this decision?
By doubling up the dosage I hope to improve the patient’s feelings on depression by half and make him feel better emotionally, improve his appetite and social interactions.
Expected Vs. Actual Results
On the second visit to the health facility after period of four weeks, the patient’s state has remarkably improved by half. The patient’s body has shown great tolerance to the drug and the expected and actual results are similar. This can also be attributed to the fact that Zoloft is associated with late improvement in depression patients.
Decision Point 3
Increase to 75 mg orally daily.
Why take this decision?
This decision was achieved at by checking on the patient’s progress. The patient had not achieved full recovery from depression and social withdrawal symptoms. This dosage will sustain the current dosage and improve on the patient’s recovery process. (Neavin et al., 2018).
Other options like the use of SSRI is not appropriate at the moment because the patient has exhibited good response to Zoloft in both treatment and the ability of the patient’s body to tolerate the drug. Additional SSRI has been associated with strong withdrawal symptoms especially when its use is discontinued and this like pose similar symptoms of the relapse to depression (Garland et al., 2016). The relapse of the withdrawal symptoms occurs after a period of between six and eight weeks after treatment with SSRI hence is not the outcome we need for this patient at the moment.
What is the expected outcome on making this decision?
By taking this decision, the aim is to achieve full recovery of the patient from depression and the related symptoms. It is expected after four weeks the patient’s mood would have changed and exhibit happiness coupled with euthymia (Dwyer & Bloch, 2019). Additionally, the patient is expected to have better appetite, proper sleeping patterns, improved social interactions and reduced or no feelings of death.
Expected Vs. Actual Results
After four weeks the patient returned with improved conditions. He was feeling happy and with improved social interactions. This actual results are similar to the expected results.
How Ethical Considerations Might Impact Your Treatment Plan Communication with Clients
One of the key ethical issue to be considered is the right to information and the independence of the client to make the decision that suits the needs. It is important to explain to the patient or the care giver the treatment plans available, their cost and the expected side effects (Katz et al., 2016). This will empower the client with knowledge and ensure that the client makes informed decisions. The case in point involves a child therefore the consent should be obtained from the mother who is the immediate care giver to the child. Therefore, the mother’s decision will have an impact on the patient’s treatment plan. Another ethical issue to consider is beneficence. This will call upon the health practitioner to offer a treatment plan that is best suited to the patient and will deliver the best desired outcomes. I also allow the health practitioner to modify and improve the treatment plan if the existing one does not produce the desired outcomes. (Katz et al., 2016). Additionally, non-maleficence is another ethical issue that is likely to impact on the treatment plan, this allows the medical practitioner to modify the treatment plan in case the existing one has adverse effects to the patient. It is imperative for the healthcare practitioner to consider all the ethical issues before coming up with the treatment plan and modify it along the way with key emphasis being to ensure that the patient’s outcome is improved and patient satisfaction is met.
Conclusion
The case in point was an eight-year-old African-American boy with a depression disorder that exhibited various symptoms such as reduced appetite, social withdrawal and feelings of death. The boy is treated with Zoloft initial dosage of 25mg daily but after four weeks the symptoms had not improved is can be attributed to the late action of the Zoloft drug The dosage was doubled to 50mg daily and the symptoms improved by half after another four weeks. On further increase of the dosage to 75mg daily for another four weeks, the patient’s condition greatly improved and the patient exhibited happiness, improved appetite, better sleep and general feeling of euthymia. The treatment plan considered ethical factors such as patient’s autonomy, beneficence and non-maleficence as the key to better patient outcomes.
References
Dwyer, J. B., & Bloch, M. H. (2019). Antidepressants for Pediatric Patients. Current Psychiatry, 18(9), 26–42F. PMC6738970/
Jane Garland, E., Kutcher, S., Virani, A., & Elbe, D. (2016). Update on the Use of SSRIs and SNRIs with Children and Adolescents in Clinical Practice. Journal of the Canadian Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry = Journal de l’Academie Canadienne de Psychiatrie de l’enfant et de l’adolescent, 25(1), 4–10. PMC4791100/
Katz, A. L., & Webb, S. A. (2016). Informed Consent in Decision-Making in Pediatric Practice. Pediatrics, 138(2), e20161485. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2016-1485
Neavin, D., Joyce, J., & Swintak, C. (2018). Treatment of Major Depressive Disorder in Pediatric Populations. Diseases, 6(2), 48. https://doi.org/10.3390/diseases6020048
When pediatric patients present with mood disorders, the process of assessing, diagnosing, and treating them can be quite complex. Children not only present with different signs and symptoms than adult patients with the same disorders, they also metabolize medications much differently. Yet, there may be times when the same psychopharmacologic treatments may be used in both pediatric and adult cases with major depressive disorders. As a result, psychiatric nurse practitioners must exercise caution when prescribing psychotropic medications to these patients. For this Assignment, as you examine the patient case study in this week’s Learning Resources, consider how you might assess and treat pediatric patients presenting with mood disorders.
To prepare for this Assignment:
- Review this week’s Learning Resources, including the Medication Resources indicated for this week.
- Reflect on the psychopharmacologic treatments you might recommend for the assessment and treatment of pediatric patients requiring antidepressant therapy.
The Assignment: 5 pages
Examine Case Study: An African American Child Suffering From Depression. You will be asked to make three decisions concerning the medication to prescribe to this patient. Be sure to consider factors that might impact the patient’s pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic processes.
At each decision point, you should evaluate all options before selecting your decision and moving throughout the exercise. Before you make your decision, make sure that you have researched each option and that you evaluate the decision that you will select. Be sure to research each option using the primary literature.
Introduction to the case (1 page)
- Briefly explain and summarize the case for this Assignment. Be sure to include the specific patient factors that may impact your decision making when prescribing medication for this patient.
Decision #1 (1 page)
- Which decision did you select?
- Why did you select this decision? Be specific and support your response with clinically relevant and patient-specific resources, including the primary literature.
- Why did you not select the other two options provided in the exercise? Be specific and support your response with clinically relevant and patient-specific resources, including the primary literature.
- What were you hoping to achieve by making this decision? Support your response with evidence and references to the Learning Resources (including the primary literature).
- Explain how ethical considerations may impact your treatment plan and communication with patients. Be specific and provide examples.
Decision #2 (1 page)
- Why did you select this decision? Be specific and support your response with clinically relevant and patient-specific resources, including the primary literature.
- Why did you not select the other two options provided in the exercise? Be specific and support your response with clinically relevant and patient-specific resources, including the primary literature.
- What were you hoping to achieve by making this decision? Support your response with evidence and references to the Learning Resources (including the primary literature).
- Explain how ethical considerations may impact your treatment plan and communication with patients. Be specific and provide examples.
Decision #3 (1 page)
- Why did you select this decision? Be specific and support your response with clinically relevant and patient-specific resources, including the primary literature.
- Why did you not select the other two options provided in the exercise? Be specific and support your response with clinically relevant and patient-specific resources, including the primary literature.
- What were you hoping to achieve by making this decision? Support your response with evidence and references to the Learning Resources (including the primary literature).
- Explain how ethical considerations may impact your treatment plan and communication with patients. Be specific and provide examples.
Conclusion (1 page)
Summarize your recommendations on the treatment options you selected for this patient. Be sure to justify your recommendations and support your response with clinically relevant and patient-specific resources, including the primary literature.
Note: Support your rationale with a minimum of five academic resources. While you may use the course text to support your rationale, it will not count toward the resource requirement. You should be utilizing the primary and secondary literature.
By Day 7
Submit your Assignment.
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Next week, you will build on your assessment and treatment skills as you examine patients presenting with bipolar disorders.
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Content
Name: NURS_6630_Week4_Assignment_Rubric
| Excellent
Point range: 90–100 |
Good
Point range: 80–89 |
Fair
Point range: 70–79 |
Poor
Point range: 0–69 |
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| Introduction to the case (1 page)
Briefly explain and summarize the case for this Assignment. Be sure to include the specific patient factors that may impact your decision making when prescribing medication for this patient. |
Points Range: 9 (9%) – 10 (10%)
The response accurately, clearly, and fully summarizes in detail the case for the Assignment. The response accurately and clearly explains in detail the specific patient factors that impact decision making when prescribing medication for this patient. |
Points Range: 8 (8%) – 8 (8%)
The response accurately summarizes the case for the Assignment. The response accurately explains the specific patient factors that impact decision making with prescribing medication for this patient. |
Points Range: 7 (7%) – 7 (7%)
The response inaccurately or vaguely summarizes the case for the Assignment. The response inaccurately or vaguely explains the specific patient factors that impact decision making with prescribing medication for this patient. |
Points Range: 0 (0%) – 6 (6%)
The response inaccurately and vaguely summarizes the case for the Assignment, or is missing. The response inaccurately and vaguely explains the specific patient factors that impact decision making with prescribing medication for this patient. |
|
| Decision #1 (1–2 pages)
• Which decision did you select? |
Points Range: 18 (18%) – 20 (20%)
The response accurately and clearly explains in detail the decision selected. The response accurately and clearly explains in detail why the decision was selected, with specific clinically relevant resources that fully support the decision selected. The response accurately and clearly explains in detail why the other two responses were not selected, with specific clinically relevant resources that fully support the response. The response accurately and clearly explains in detail the outcome the student was hoping to achieve with the selected decision, with specific clinically relevant resources that fully support the response. The response accurately and clearly explains in detail how ethical considerations impact the treatment plan and communication with patients. Examples provided fully support the decisions and responses provided. |
Points Range: 16 (16%) – 17 (17%)
The response accurately explains the decision selected. The response explains why the decision was selected, with specific clinically relevant resources that support the decision selected. The response accurately explains why the other two responses were not selected, with specific clinically relevant resources that support the response. The response accurately explains the outcome the student was hoping to achieve with the selected decision, with specific clinically relevant resources that support the response. The response accurately explains how ethical considerations impact the treatment plan and communication with patients. Examples provided support the decisions and responses provided. |
Points Range: 14 (14%) – 15 (15%)
The response inaccurately or vaguely explains the decision selected. The response inaccurately or vaguely explains why the decision was selected, with specific clinically relevant resources that inaccurately or vaguely support the decision selected. The response inaccurately or vaguely explains why the other two responses were not selected, with specific clinically relevant resources that inaccurately or vaguely support the response. The response inaccurately or vaguely explains the outcome the student was hoping to achieve with the selected decision, with specific clinically relevant resources that inaccurately or vaguely support the response. The response inaccurately or vaguely explains how ethical considerations impact the treatment plan and communication with patients. Examples provided may support the decisions and responses provided. |
Points Range: 0 (0%) – 13 (13%)
The response inaccurately and vaguely explains the decision selected. The response inaccurately and vaguely explains why the decision was selected, with specific clinically relevant resources that do not support the decision selected, or is missing. The response inaccurately and vaguely explains why the other two responses were not selected, with specific clinically relevant resources that do not support the decision selected, or is missing. The response inaccurately and vaguely explains the outcome the student was hoping to achieve with the selected decision, with specific clinically relevant resources that do not support the response, or is missing. The response inaccurately and vaguely explains how ethical considerations impact the treatment plan and communication with patients, or is missing. Examples provided do not support the decisions and responses provided, or is missing. |
|
| Decision #2 (1–2 pages)
• Which decision did you select? |
Points Range: 18 (18%) – 20 (20%)
The response accurately and clearly explains in detail the decision selected. The response accurately and clearly explains in detail why the decision was selected, with specific clinically relevant resources that fully support the decision selected. The response accurately and clearly explains in detail why the other two responses were not selected, with specific clinically relevant resources that fully support the response. The response accurately and clearly explains in detail the outcome the student was hoping to achieve with the selected decision, with specific clinically relevant resources that fully support the response. The response accurately and clearly explains in detail how ethical considerations impact the treatment plan and communication with patients. Examples provided fully support the decisions and responses provided. |
Points Range: 16 (16%) – 17 (17%)
The response accurately explains the decision selected. The response explains why the decision was selected, with specific clinically relevant resources that support the decision selected. The response accurately explains why the other two responses were not selected, with specific clinically relevant resources that support the response. The response accurately explains the outcome the student was hoping to achieve with the selected decision, with specific clinically relevant resources that support the response. The response accurately explains how ethical considerations impact the treatment plan and communication with patients. Examples provided support the decisions and responses provided. |
Points Range: 14 (14%) – 15 (15%)
The response inaccurately or vaguely explains the decision selected. The response inaccurately or vaguely explains why the decision was selected, with specific clinically relevant resources that inaccurately or vaguely support the decision selected. The response inaccurately or vaguely explains why the other two responses were not selected, with specific clinically relevant resources that inaccurately or vaguely support the response. The response inaccurately or vaguely explains the outcome the student was hoping to achieve with the selected decision, with specific clinically relevant resources that inaccurately or vaguely support the response. The response inaccurately or vaguely explains how ethical considerations impact the treatment plan and communication with patients. Examples provided may support the decisions and responses provided. |
Points Range: 0 (0%) – 13 (13%)
The response inaccurately and vaguely explains in detail the decision selected. The response inaccurately and vaguely explains why the decision was selected, with specific clinically relevant resources that do not support the decision selected, or is missing. The response inaccurately and vaguely explains why the other two responses were not selected, with specific clinically relevant resources that do not support the decision selected, or is missing. The response inaccurately and vaguely explains the outcome the student was hoping to achieve with the selected decision, with specific clinically relevant resources that do not support the response, or is missing. The response inaccurately and vaguely explains how ethical considerations impact the treatment plan and communication with patients, or is missing. Examples provided do not support the decisions and responses provided, or is missing. |
|
| Decision #3 (1–2 pages)
• Which decision did you select? |
Points Range: 18 (18%) – 20 (20%)
The response accurately and clearly explains in detail the decision selected. The response accurately and clearly explains in detail why the decision was selected, with specific clinically relevant resources that fully support the decision selected. The response accurately and clearly explains in detail why the other two responses were not selected, with specific clinically relevant resources that fully support the response. The response accurately and clearly explains in detail the outcome the student was hoping to achieve with the selected decision, with specific clinically relevant resources that fully support the response. The response accurately and clearly explains in detail how ethical considerations impact the treatment plan and communication with patients. Examples provided fully support the decisions and responses provided. |
Points Range: 16 (16%) – 17 (17%)
The response accurately explains the decision selected. The response explains why the decision was selected, with specific clinically relevant resources that support the decision selected. The response accurately explains why the other two responses were not selected, with specific clinically relevant resources that support the response. The response accurately explains the outcome the student was hoping to achieve with the selected decision, with specific clinically relevant resources that support the response. The response accurately explains how ethical considerations impact the treatment plan and communication with patients. Examples provided support the decisions and responses provided. |
Points Range: 14 (14%) – 15 (15%)
The response inaccurately or vaguely explains the decision selected. The response inaccurately or vaguely explains why the decision was selected, with specific clinically relevant resources that inaccurately or vaguely support the decision selected. The response inaccurately or vaguely explains why the other two responses were not selected, with specific clinically relevant resources that inaccurately or vaguely support the response. The response inaccurately or vaguely explains the outcome the student was hoping to achieve with the selected decision, with specific clinically relevant resources that inaccurately or vaguely support the response. The response inaccurately or vaguely explains how ethical considerations impact the treatment plan and communication with patients. Examples provided may support the decisions and responses provided. |
Points Range: 0 (0%) – 13 (13%)
The response inaccurately and vaguely explains in detail the decision selected. The response inaccurately and vaguely explains why the decision was selected, with specific clinically relevant resources that do not support the decision selected, or is missing. The response inaccurately and vaguely explains why the other two responses were not selected, with specific clinically relevant resources that do not support the decision selected, or is missing. The response inaccurately and vaguely explains the outcome the student was hoping to achieve with the selected decision, with specific clinically relevant resources that do not support the response, or is missing. The response inaccurately and vaguely explains how ethical considerations impact the treatment plan and communication with patients, or is missing. Examples provided do not support the decisions and responses provided, or is missing. |
|
| Conclusion (1 page)
• Summarize your recommendations on the treatment options you selected for this patient. Be sure to justify your recommendations and support your response with clinically relevant and patient-specific resources, including the primary literature. |
Points Range: 14 (14%) – 15 (15%)
The response accurately and clearly summarizes in detail the recommendations on the treatment options selected for this patient. The response accurately and clearly explains a justification for the recommendations provided, including clinically relevant resources that fully support the recommendations provided. |
Points Range: 12 (12%) – 13 (13%)
The response accurately summarizes the recommendations on the treatment options selected for this patient. The response accurately explains a justification for the recommendation provided, including clinically relevant resources that support the recommendations provided. |
Points Range: 11 (11%) – 11 (11%)
The response inaccurately or vaguely summarizes the recommendations on the treatment options selected for this patient. The response inaccurately or vaguely explains a justification for the recommendations provided, including clinically relevant resources that inaccurately or vaguely support the recommendations provided. |
Points Range: 0 (0%) – 10 (10%)
The response inaccurately and vaguely summarizes the recommendations on the treatment options selected for this patient, or is missing. The response inaccurately and vaguely explains a justification for the recommendations provided, including clinically relevant resources that do not support the recommendations provided, or is missing. |
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| Written Expression and Formatting – Paragraph Development and Organization: Paragraphs make clear points that support well-developed ideas, flow logically, and demonstrate continuity of ideas. Sentences are carefully focused—neither long and rambling nor short and lacking substance. A clear and comprehensive purpose statement and introduction are provided that delineate all required criteria. |
Points Range: 5 (5%) – 5 (5%)
Paragraphs and sentences follow writing standards for flow, continuity, and clarity. A clear and comprehensive purpose statement, introduction, and conclusion are provided that delineate all required criteria. |
Points Range: 4 (4%) – 4 (4%)
Paragraphs and sentences follow writing standards for flow, continuity, and clarity 80% of the time. Purpose, introduction, and conclusion of the assignment are stated, yet they are brief and not descriptive. |
Points Range: 3.5 (3.5%) – 3.5 (3.5%)
Paragraphs and sentences follow writing standards for flow, continuity, and clarity 60%–79% of the time. Purpose, introduction, and conclusion of the assignment is vague or off topic. |
Points Range: 0 (0%) – 3 (3%)
Paragraphs and sentences follow writing standards for flow, continuity, and clarity < 60% of the time. No purpose statement, introduction, or conclusion were provided. |
|
| Written Expression and Formatting – English writing standards: Correct grammar, mechanics, and proper punctuation |
Points Range: 5 (5%) – 5 (5%)
Uses correct grammar, spelling, and punctuation with no errors. |
Points Range: 4 (4%) – 4 (4%)
Contains a few (1 or 2) grammar, spelling, and punctuation errors. |
Points Range: 3.5 (3.5%) – 3.5 (3.5%)
Contains several (3 or 4) grammar, spelling, and punctuation errors. |
Points Range: 0 (0%) – 3 (3%)
Contains many (≥ 5) grammar, spelling, and punctuation errors that interfere with the reader’s understanding. |
|
| Written Expression and Formatting – The paper follows correct APA format for title page, headings, font, spacing, margins, indentations, page numbers, parenthetical/in-text citations, and reference list. | Points Range: 5 (5%) – 5 (5%)
Uses correct APA format with no errors. |
Points Range: 4 (4%) – 4 (4%)
Contains a few (1 or 2) APA format errors. |
Points Range: 3.5 (3.5%) – 3.5 (3.5%)
Contains several (3 or 4) APA format errors. |
Points Range: 0 (0%) – 3 (3%)
Contains many (≥ 5) APA format errors. |
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| Total Points: 100 | |||||