NURS 8310 Discussion: Addressing Chronic Disease SOLUTION
Post a cohesive scholarly response that addresses the following:
- Identify your selected chronic disease.
- Describe the application of a chronic disease model to address this disease at the population level. Include your rationale for selecting this particular model.
- Discuss one or more current challenges related to the management of the chronic disease, and explain how these challenges limit the ability to deliver effective quality care.
Addressing Chronic Disease
Diabetes is the selected chronic disease addressed in this discussion. Diabetes is a chronic metabolic condition that affects a large number of people and at all levels of economic and social development. Due to evidence-based practices, research, and other improvements in medical practices, more people are living longer with chronic conditions like diabetes and others. Electronic personal health records (PHRs) are used by primary care doctors to assist patients to manage their diabetes and other chronic conditions that need continuity of care and improved information flow between patient and physician. In this short paper, we look at the evidence regarding the use of personal health records (PHRs) in chronic illness management (Tenforde, Jain, & Hickner, 2011). Even citizens in industrialized nations are impacted by the rising incidence of diabetes, despite technological improvements and easy access to healthcare systems. The present global frequency is anticipated to be about 250 106, with a projected increase to 380 106 by 2025. In the United States, the prevalence of diabetes [based on fasting plasma glucose (FPG) results was 9.3percent of the total in adults in 1999–2002, with 30percent of the total of cases remaining undiagnosed (Sacks et al., 2011).
The most recent data, derived from the 2005–2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) and including both FPG and 2-h oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) results, show a 12.9 percent prevalence of diabetes in people under the age of 20 in the United States(Sacks et al., 2011). The chr
onic care model (CCM) was created to give self-care and monitoring tools to chronic illness patients, particularly those with type 2 diabetic Mellitus (T2DM). Through connections between health systems and communities, the model proposes a means for reorganizing health care (Baptista et al., 2016).
An aspect of challenges from this condition includes Diabetes expenditures, this was estimated to be $232 billion in 2007 and are expected to rise to $302 billion by 2025. Diabetes was expected to cost $174 billion in the United States in 2007. The average yearly per capita healthcare expenses for people with diabetes are almost 2.3 times greater than those for those without diabetes. Similarly, diabetes accounts for around 10% of the National Health Service expenditure in the United Kingdom. Diabetes’ high expenses are due to the treatment of both acute illnesses like hypoglycemia and metabolic alkalosis as well as crippling sequelae (Sacks et al., 2011).
Because there is a misalignment between recommended evidence-based diabetes care and practice and quality improvement techniques and key performance indicators used to monitor improvements in the quality of diabetes care given. The use of a CCM model, which allows for improved evaluation of care outcomes versus quality improvement initiatives, is the goal of this QI project (White, 2020). Health disparities connected to diabetes and its effects are well established, according to the American Diabetic Association (ADA, 2018), and are highly impacted by socioeconomic determinants of health. The economic, environmental, political, and social circumstances in which individuals live are classified as social determinants of health, and they are accountable for a significant portion of global health disparity. The American Diabetes Association (ADA) acknowledges the link between social and environmental variables and the risk of diabetes and its consequences. Finally, diabetes management requires a paradigm for health, welfare, and diabetes maintenance that is not treatment-centered, reactive, or unplanned, but instead is based on organized, patient-centered care and collaboration among professionals (White, 2020).
Reference
Tenforde, M., Jain, A., & Hickner, J. (2011). The value of personal health records for chronic disease management: what do we know?. Family Medicine-Kansas City, 43(5), 351.
Kim, T. W., Saitz, R., Cheng, D. M., Winter, M. R., Witas, J., & Samet, J. H. (2011). Initiation and engagement in chronic disease management care for substance dependence. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 115(1-2), 80-86.
American Diabetes Association (2018). Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes-2018 Abridged for Primary Care Providers. Clinical diabetes: a publication of the American Diabetes Association, 36(1), 14–37. https://doi.org/10.2337/cd17-0119
Baptista, D. R., Wiens, A., Pontarolo, R., Regis, L., Reis, W. C. T., & Correr, C. J.(2016). The chronic care model for type 2 diabetes: a systematic review.Diabetology & metabolic syndrome, 8(1), 1-7.
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Important information for writing discussion questions and participation
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Hello class and welcome to the class and I will be your instructor for this course. This is a -week course and requires a lot of time commitment, organization, and a high level of dedication. Please use the class syllabus to guide you through all the assignments required for the course. I have also attached the classroom policies to this announcement to know your expectations for this course. Please review this document carefully and ask me any questions if you do. You could email me at any time or send me a message via the “message” icon in halo if you need to contact me. I check my email regularly, so you should get a response within 24 hours. If you have not heard from me within 24 hours and need to contact me urgently, please send a follow up text to
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Plagiarism is highly prohibited. Please ensure you are citing your sources correctly using APA 7th edition. All assignments including discussion posts should be formatted in APA with the appropriate spacing, font, margin, and indents. Any papers not well formatted would be returned back to you, hence, I advise you review APA formatting style. I have attached a sample paper in APA format and will also post sample discussion responses in subsequent announcements.
Your initial discussion post should be a minimum of 200 words and response posts should be a minimum of 150 words. Be advised that I grade based on quality and not necessarily the number of words you post. A minimum of TWO references should be used for your initial post. For your response post, you do not need references as personal experiences would count as response posts. If you however cite anything from the literature for your response post, it is required that you cite your reference. You should include a minimum of THREE references for papers in this course. Please note that references should be no more than 5 years old except recommended as a resource for the class. Furthermore, for each discussion board question, you need ONE initial substantive response and TWO substantive responses to either your classmates or your instructor for a total of THREE responses. There are TWO discussion questions each week, hence, you need a total minimum of SIX discussion posts for each week. I usually post a discussion question each week. You could also respond to these as it would count towards your required SIX discussion posts for the week.
I understand this is a lot of information to cover in 5 weeks, however, the Bible says in Philippians 4:13 that we can do all things through Christ that strengthens us. Even in times like this, we are encouraged by God’s word that we have that ability in us to succeed with His strength. I pray that each and every one of you receives strength for this course and life generally as we navigate through this pandemic that is shaking our world today. Relax and enjoy the course!
Hi Class,
Please read through the following information on writing a Discussion question response and participation posts.
Contact me if you have any questions.
Important information on Writing a Discussion Question
- Your response needs to be a minimum of 150 words (not including your list of references)
- There needs to be at least TWO references with ONE being a peer reviewed professional journal article.
- Include in-text citations in your response
- Do not include quotes—instead summarize and paraphrase the information
- Follow APA-7th edition
- Points will be deducted if the above is not followed
Participation –replies to your classmates or instructor
- A minimum of 6 responses per week, on at least 3 days of the week.
- Each response needs at least ONE reference with citations—best if it is a peer reviewed journal article
- Each response needs to be at least 75 words in length (does not include your list of references)
- Responses need to be substantive by bringing information to the discussion or further enhance the discussion. Responses of “I agree” or “great post” does not count for the word count.
- Follow APA 7th edition
- Points will be deducted if the above is not followed
- Remember to use and follow APA-7th edition for all weekly assignments, discussion questions, and participation points.
- Here are some helpful links
- Student paper example
- Citing Sources
- The Writing Center is a great resource