PRAC 6635 WEEK 7 Assignment : Clinical Hour and Patient Logs
Walden University PRAC 6635 WEEK 7 Assignment : Clinical Hour and Patient Logs-Step-By-Step Guide
This guide will demonstrate how to complete the Walden University PRAC 6645 WEEK 8 Assignment 1 : Clinical Hour and Patient Logs assignment based on general principles of academic writing. Here, we will show you the A, B, Cs of completing an academic paper, irrespective of the instructions. After guiding you through what to do, the guide will leave one or two sample essays at the end to highlight the various sections discussed below.
How to Research and Prepare for PRAC 6645 WEEK 8 Assignment 1 : Clinical Hour and Patient Logs
Whether one passes or fails an academic assignment such as the Walden University PRAC 6645 WEEK 8 Assignment 1 : Clinical Hour and Patient Logs depends on the preparation done beforehand. The first thing to do once you receive an assignment is to quickly skim through the requirements. Once that is done, start going through the instructions one by one to clearly understand what the instructor wants. The most important thing here is to understand the required format—whether it is APA, MLA, Chicago, etc.
After understanding the requirements of the paper, the next phase is to gather relevant materials. The first place to start the research process is the weekly resources. Go through the resources provided in the instructions to determine which ones fit the assignment. After reviewing the provided resources, use the university library to search for additional resources. After gathering sufficient and necessary resources, you are now ready to start drafting your paper.
How to Write the Introduction for PRAC 6645 WEEK 8 Assignment 1 : Clinical Hour and Patient Logs
The introduction for the Walden University PRAC 6645 WEEK 8 Assignment 1 : Clinical Hour and Patient Logs is where you tell the instructor what your paper will encompass. In three to four statements, highlight the important points that will form the basis of your paper. Here, you can include statistics to show the importance of the topic you will be discussing. At the end of the introduction, write a clear purpose statement outlining what exactly will be contained in the paper. This statement will start with “The purpose of this paper…” and then proceed to outline the various sections of the instructions.
How to Write the Body for PRAC 6645 WEEK 8 Assignment 1 : Clinical Hour and Patient Logs
After the introduction, move into the main part of the PRAC 6645 WEEK 8 Assignment 1 : Clinical Hour and Patient Logs assignment, which is the body. Given that the paper you will be writing is not experimental, the way you organize the headings and subheadings of your paper is critically important. In some cases, you might have to use more subheadings to properly organize the assignment. The organization will depend on the rubric provided. Carefully examine the rubric, as it will contain all the detailed requirements of the assignment. Sometimes, the rubric will have information that the normal instructions lack.
Another important factor to consider at this point is how to do citations. In-text citations are fundamental as they support the arguments and points you make in the paper. At this point, the resources gathered at the beginning will come in handy. Integrating the ideas of the authors with your own will ensure that you produce a comprehensive paper. Also, follow the given citation format. In most cases, APA 7 is the preferred format for nursing assignments.
How to Write the Conclusion for PRAC 6645 WEEK 8 Assignment 1 : Clinical Hour and Patient Logs
After completing the main sections, write the conclusion of your paper. The conclusion is a summary of the main points you made in your paper. However, you need to rewrite the points and not simply copy and paste them. By restating the points from each subheading, you will provide a nuanced overview of the assignment to the reader.
How to Format the References List for PRAC 6645 WEEK 8 Assignment 1 : Clinical Hour and Patient Logs
The very last part of your paper involves listing the sources used in your paper. These sources should be listed in alphabetical order and double-spaced. Additionally, use a hanging indent for each source that appears in this list. Lastly, only the sources cited within the body of the paper should appear here.
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Sample Answer for PRAC 6645 WEEK 8 Assignment 1 : Clinical Hour and Patient Logs
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
Name: A.A
Age: 58 years
Diagnosis: Post-traumatic stress disorder
S:A.A is a 58-yer-old male who has been undergoing treatment for post-traumatic stress disorder in the unit. A.A was diagnosed with post-traumatic stress disorder five months ago following a road tragic accident where he lost his daughter. The patient began experiencing the symptoms of the disorder five months after the accident. The patient initially came to the unit with a number of complaints. One of them was the reccuent, intrusive and involuntary distressing memories of the accident. He reported that the recurrent nature of the distressing memories had extended to his dreams. He reported to dream about the accident and seeing his daughter in distress. The patient also had symptoms of dissociation that included flashbacks of the accident and avoidance of any stimuli that was associated with the traumatic event. The patient had also started blaming himself for the accident. He often felt hopeless and guilty that he could have done better to prevent the incident. Based on the above symptoms, A.A was diagnosed with post-traumatic stress disorder. He has been on antidepressants and psychotherapy.
O: The patient appeared appropriately dressed for the occasion. He was oriented to place, self, time and events. The self-reported mood of the client was ‘I am okay, treatment has been effective.’ The speech of the patient was normal in rate and volume. The patient denied delusions, illusions, and hallucinations. He also denied suicidal thoughts, attempts and plans.
A: The patient has improved significantly. The symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder are now minimal.
P: There has been remarkable improvement in the symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder. The psychotherapy sessions were terminated. The patient was advised to continue with treatment.
Major Depression
Name: A.C
Age: 40 years
Diagnosis: Major depression
S: A.C is a 40-year-old female who came to the unit as a referral by her primary care physician. The physician referred the patient to the unit for psychiatric assessment. The client demonstrated symptoms that aligned with those of major depression. Accordingly, the client reported that she felt sad most of the days throughout the year. She also experienced feelings of guilt and dissatisfaction with the things she had accomplished in her life. The client also reported difficulties in sleeping. She also expressed that she felt easily fatigued. The fatigue had affected her ability to perform optimally in her place of work. The patient also reported changes in body weight. She narrated that her body weight had reduced by 5 kg in the last three months. She attributed the weight loss to changes in her dietary habits as she had lost her appetite. Based on the above symptoms, the patient was diagnosed with major depression.
O: The patient appears poorly dressed for the occasion. She also appeared tired. Her mood was flat. Her orientation to self, time, and events were intact. The judgment of the patient was intact. She denied illusions, delusions, and hallucinations. She also denied history of suicidal attempts, thoughts or plans.
A: The patient has mild symptoms of depression. The focus of treatment should be placed on preventing the progression of symptoms. The patient should also be assisted to develop effective skills for managing the distressing symptoms.
P: The patient was prescribed Zoloft 50 mg orally per day for one month. The aim of administering Zoloft was to improve the mood of the patient. Decisions such as increasing the dosage of the medication or initiating her on cognitive behavioral therapy sessions will largely depend on her response to treatment.
Major Depression
Name: B.A
Age: 34 years
Diagnosis: Major Depression
S: B.A is a 34-year-old male who has been undergoing treatment for major depression in the unit. The patient was diagnosed with major depression two months ago and has been on treatment and psychotherapy. The client had presented with a number of symptoms that led to his diagnosis with major depression. Firstly, the patient reported that he always felt extremely sad. His sadness persisted for almost all the days in his life prior to the diagnosis. The patient also reported to have experienced significant increase in his appetite. This led to weight gain. He also experienced easy irritability and found it difficult to concentrate on things or make decisions. There was also the history of suicidal attempt. B.A had attempted to kill himself by overdosing himself with paracetamol since he felt he was useless. The above led to him being brought to the unit where he was diagnosed with major depression and initiated on treatment.
O: The patient appeared appropriately dressed for the occasion. His orientation to self, time, others and events were intact. The patient’s mood was elated. His judgment was intact. His speech was of the normal rate and volume. He denied illusions, hallucinations, and delusions. He however reported an incident of suicidal thought in the last week. He denied any suicidal plans.
A: The treatment has produced minimal improvement in the symptoms experienced by the patient. The patient is at an increased risk of self-harm.
P: The dosage of Zoloft was increased to 100 mg orally per day. The patient was advised to continue with the psychotherapy sessions. The family was informed to notify the hospital should the patient experience any abnormal symptoms.
Insomnia
Name: B.D
Age: 31 years
Diagnosis: Insomnia
S: B.D is a 31-year-old female who has been on treatment in the unit for insomnia. The patient was diagnosed with insomnia a month ago and has been on psychotherapy treatment. The patient was diagnosed with the condition due to a number of complaints that aligned with those of insomnia, as stated in DSMV. One of the symptoms was the persistent and chronic dissatisfaction with the quality and quantity of sleep. The accompanying symptoms included difficulty in initiating sleep, maintaining sleep, and awakening at night and finding it hard to return to sleep. The patient also reported that disturbance in sleep was affecting significantly her ability to perform her social, educational, and occupational roles. The difficulty in sleep was not attributed to any condition, medication or substance use, hence, the diagnosis with insomnia.
O: The patient appeared well groomed for the occasion. She was oriented to place, time, self and events. The patient described her mood as ‘normal.’ Her judgment was intact with the absence of illusions, delusions, and hallucinations. The client denied any recent issues with sleep.
A: Psychotherapy appears to be effective in improving the quality and quantity of sleep for the client. The patient is also adhering to the recommended behavioral interventions that she needs to embrace to improve her quality of sleep.
P: The patient was advised to continue with the psychotherapy sessions. She is due for the next follow-up visit in four weeks’ time.
Binge Eating
Name: C.D
Age: 21 years
Diagnosis: Binge eating
S: C.D is a 21-year old female who came to the unit as a follow-up client. The client was diagnosed with binge eating one month ago and has come for her second psychotherapy session. The client was diagnosed with binge eating due to a number of complaints. One of them was the recurrent episodes of uncontrolled consumption of high amounts of food beyond the normal. The patient reported lacking control over her binge eating during the episodes. The patient also reported binge eating to be associated with eating faster than normal, eating until uncomfortably full, and eating large amounts of food even if not hungry. The patient expressed significant shame and distress with her eating habits. As a result, she used to hide while eating due to embarrassment and felt disgusted with her eating. The above complaints led to the client being diagnosed with binge eating disorder and has been undergoing cognitive behavioral therapy in the unit.
O: The client appeared appropriately dressed for the occasion. She was oriented to self, space, time, and events. The client’s mood was normal. Her judgment was intact. She expressed some confidence on herself. She reported reduction in incidences of binge eating. She denied illusions, hallucinations and delusions. She denied suicidal thoughts, attempts and plans.
A: The patient is responding well to psychotherapy. Her eating habits have improved significantly.
P: The client was advised to continue with cognitive behavioral therapy sessions. She is to be assessed for further response after four weeks.
Schizophrenia
Name: C.Y
Age: 37 years
Diagnosis: Schizophrenia
S: C.Y is a 37-year-old male that came to the unit as a referral by his family physician. The family physician felt that the client had a psychiatric problem that required management by the psychiatric team. The client presented with a number of symptoms that led to his diagnosis with schizophrenia. One of the symptoms that the client presented with to the hospital was a false belief of his identity. The patient believed that he was the president of the United States. He believed that he could direct the activities of the state as well as those of the institution. The patient was also reported to demonstrated disorganized behaviors. The behaviors included engaging in activities that were not appropriate for his age. He also demonstrated diminished emotional expression and easy irritability. The above symptoms were reported to have caused significant disturbance to the patient and the family as well as his functioning in inter-personal relations and work. The symptoms were reported to have started six months ago, with worsening intensity.
O: The patient appeared poorly groomed. His orientation to space, time and others was altered. The judgment of the client was also altered. He demonstrated flight of ideas. The patient was delusional. He denied illusions and hallucinations. He also denied suicidal thoughts, attempts and plans.
A: The patient has distorted cognitive functioning. The treatment should be aimed at restoring his sense of self and stabilization of emotions.
P: The patient was started on antipsychotics. The patient was also started on cognitive behavioral therapy. The aim was to manage the symptoms of schizophrenia and improve the patient’s physical, psychological, and inter-personal functioning.
Bipolar Disorder
Name: D.X
Age: 33 years
Diagnosis: Bipolar Disorder
S: D.X is a 33-year-old male who has been undergoing treatment in the facility due to bipolar disorder. The patient was diagnosed with bipolar disorder a month ago and has been on treatment and psychotherapy. The patient presented with a number of symptoms that led to his diagnosis with bipolar disorder. The symptoms included elevated and expansive mood when the patient would feel that he was in control of everything. The patient also experienced easy irritability and difficulty in concentrating or making decisions. The symptoms were presented in most of the days and almost every day. The patient reported additional symptoms during this period. The symptoms included lack of sleep, increased talkativeness, and being easily distracted. The patient also engaged significantly in goal directed activities and impulsive behaviors. The client was worried that the episodes of the above symptoms had a negative effect on his social and occupational functioning. As a result, he has been on treatment with the aim of improving his symptoms and functioning.
O: The patient was dressed appropriately for the occasion. He was oriented to self, time, space and others. The patient reported that his moods have become manageable. His level of anxiety was minimal. His judgment was intact. The speech was of normal rate and volume. The client denied illusions, delusions, and hallucinations. He also denied suicidal thoughts, attempts and plans.
A: The treatment appears to be effective in facilitating symptom management. The client demonstrated moderate improvement in symptoms.
P: The client was advised to continue with the current treatment modalities. The client was scheduled for a follow-up care after a month.
Histrionic Personality Disorder
Name: E.A
Age: 25 years old
Diagnosis: Histrionic personality disorder
S: E.A is a 25-year-old female who came to the facility for the second follow-up visit after she was diagnosed with histrionic personality disorder. The client was diagnosed with the disorder a month ago and has been on psychotherapy. She was diagnosed with histrionic personality disorder due to a number of complaints. Firstly, the client reported that her friends complained about her unbearable character. The peers informed her that she had attention seeking behaviors that needed to be addressed by the medical team. The client acknowledged the concerns by her peers. She agreed experiencing significant discomfort in circumstances where others did not give her attention. The client also reported experiencing rapid shift in her expression of emotions when with her peers. She was concerned about the way she appeared and would spend considerable time in ensuring that she dressed appropriately to draw attention of others. The client also complained for being easily influenced by circumstances or others. The client was worried that the above symptoms were beyond her control, hence, the need for assistance from the healthcare team. The patient was diagnosed with histrionic personality disorder and enrolled to group psychotherapy.
O: The patient appeared appropriately dressed for the occasion. She was oriented to self, others, time and space. The judgment of the client was intact. She reported normal mood. She reported some improvements in her sense of identity.
A: The use of cognitive behavioral therapy appears to be effective in helping the client develop her self-identity.
P: The client was advised to continue with the group psychotherapy sessions. She was scheduled for a follow-up care after one month.
Insomnia
Name: G.A
Age: 34 years
Diagnosis: Insomnia
S: G.A is a 34-year-old male who came to the unit as a referral by his physician. The client came with a number of complaints that led to his diagnosis with insomnia. Firstly, the client reported having trouble in getting asleep and maintaining sleep. He complained that his quantity and quality of sleep was poor. This was despite him using medications to enhance sleep. The client also reported waking up at night and finding it hard to fall asleep. The lack of sleep was reported to have affected his productivity. For example, he reported to often fall asleep during the day. He also reported that he finds it difficult for him to concentrate in undertaking his social and occupational activities. He was worried that the sleep problem was worsening over time. The above symptoms led to the diagnosis of insomnia.
O: The client was well groomed for the occasion. He was oriented to place, self, time and events. The client appeared tired during assessment as evidenced by frequent yawning. The mood of the client was flat. His speech rate and volume was normal. His judgment was intact. He denied illusions, delusions, and hallucinations. He also denied history of suicidal thoughts, plans, or attempts.
A: The client appears to suffer from the effects of insomnia. The patient should be initiated on treatment to enable him achieve the desired quality and quantity of sleep.
P: The client was started on individual psychotherapy. He was also educated on the behavioral interventions that he needed to embrace to improve the quality and quantity of sleep. This included educating him on the importance of avoiding caffeinated drinks, engaging in active physical activity in the evening, and avoiding distractors during bedtime.
Borderline Personality Disorder
Name: G.A
Age: 22 years old
Diagnosis: Borderline personality disorder
S: G.A is a 22-year-old female who came to the unit for her second follow-up visit. She was diagnosed with borderline personality disorder and has been undergoing group psychotherapy. The patient was diagnosed with the disorder due to a number of presenting complaints. One of them was the intense fear of being abandoned. The client feared that her boyfriend would abandon her and would embrace extreme interventions to ensure that it does not happen. The client also reported history of unstable relationships. The instability of relationships was attributed to her believe that her boyfriends were not caring. The client reported that she did not understand herself anymore. She could experience periods of intense stress where she found herself engaging in risky behaviors such as binge drinking of alcohol and careless driving. Due to the above complaints, the patient was diagnosed with borderline personality disorder and has been on treatment.
O: The client appeared appropriately dressed for the occasion. She was oriented to place, self, time and events. Her judgment was intact. She reported improvement in her emotions. She denied suicidal thoughts, attempts, and plans.
A: The client has improvement in symptoms of borderline personality disorder. Dialectic therapy should be introduced to improve outcomes.
P: The patient was advised to continue with the psychotherapy sessions. Dialectic therapy was introduced to the psychotherapy sessions. The client was scheduled for the next follow-up care at four weeks’ time.
Sample Answer 2 for PRAC 6645 WEEK 8 Assignment 1 : Clinical Hour and Patient Logs
- Autism Spectrum Disorder
Name: S.G.
Age: 15 years old
Gender: Male
Diagnosis: Autism Spectrum Disorder
S: An Asian 15-year-old boy patient with a medical history of autism, anxiety, and depression was brought to the clinic by his mother. He was hospitalized in the mental ward. The patient has been undergoing cognitive therapy for these concerns since elementary school. The patient’s parents describe wrath, antagonism, and social isolation. There was no documented history of mental illnesses in the family. During the consultation, the patient exhibited signs of social phobia, excessive concern, and behaviors similar to obsessive-compulsive disorder.
O: The patient presents in excellent health and wears acceptable clothing for his age. He is aware of geographical, social, and temporal aspects. He has perfect understanding. The patient speaks and behaves in a way that is consistent with expectations. Considering his age, he exhibits a noteworthy degree of maturity. He keeps his manner the same all the time. He claimed to have been a little agitated psychomotor. He was in a euthymic mood as well. He has a sufficient memory for both short- and long-term retention. He has clear cognitive talents and shows tremendous attention. He exhibits typical thought patterns and perspectives. The patient exhibits fear, obsessive-compulsive disorder symptoms, and excessive worry.
A: The patient exhibits signs that are typical of autism spectrum disorder.
P: For this patient, applied behavior analysis was recommended as an intervention to support the development of desired behaviors and discourage undesired activities to encourage the acquisition of various abilities.
- Schizophrenia
Name: G.F.
Age: 18 years old
Gender: Female
Diagnosis: Schizophrenia
S: To continue her therapy, an 18-year-old female patient with schizophrenia is looking for a follow-up appointment at the clinic. Since receiving the diagnosis five months ago, the patient has received medication and psychotherapy as part of her treatment. She and her mother visited the facility today for routine follow-up checkups. After exhibiting symptoms, including disordered speech, auditory hallucinations, and visual hallucinations, the patient was diagnosed with schizophrenia.
O: The patient was adequately attired. She gave time, space, events, and oneself a lot of weight. She denied having had any recent experiences with hallucinations, delusions, or illusions. Denies intended suicide or attempted suicide before. Her concept was original. She showed no abnormal habits, including tics or avoiding eye contact.
A: Based on the diagnostic findings, it seems that the client’s schizophrenia symptoms have stabilized.
P: It was recommended that the patient participate in cognitive behavioral therapy sessions that addressed real-world issues such as relationships, goals, difficulties, and coping mechanisms.
- Bipolar Disorder
Name: V.L.
Age: 31 years old
Gender: Male
Diagnosis: Bipolar Disorder
S: The patient, a male Caucasian patient 31 years old, first reports long-lasting bouts of high mood. Based on the frequent bouts of heightened mood, bipolar disorder, especially the manic subtype, was diagnosed in the patient. Delusions, euphoria, elevated enthusiasm, increased activity, and intentional action were the symptoms the patient exhibited. The patient had signs of depression, including weariness, a bad mood, and a diminished interest in routine tasks. The patient had excessive sleep, poor focus and decision-making, reduced appetite, and irritation during these periods.
O: The patient was adequately attired. He had a profound awareness of his thoughts and emotions and a discerning sense of his environment’s temporal and spatial dimensions. He exhibited perceptive insight. A cognitive disability afflicts him. The patient unequivocally denies any evidence suggesting suicide ideation. However, he affirms the validity of self-destructive behaviors. Refuses to acknowledge the possibility of causing harm to others.
A: The patient exhibits mania and depression symptoms, which are consistent with bipolar disorder.
P: Potential treatment options include family-focused therapy, cognitive behavioral therapy, and interpersonal and social rhythm therapy. To optimize therapeutic success, patients should complete both medication therapy and psychotherapy.
- General Anxiety Disorder
Name: E.C.
Age: 33 years old
Gender: Female
Diagnosis: GAD
S: The 33-year-old female presented to the clinic with symptoms of anxiety, low self-esteem, and negative habitual thinking patterns. In addition, the patient has headaches, palpitations, tiredness, stiffness in the shoulders and neck, racing thoughts, panic attacks, bowel abnormalities, melancholy, nightmares, loneliness, dizziness, insomnia, and feelings of inadequacy. The patient reports that her nightmare frequency has grown to four times per week, and other symptoms occur virtually every day.
O: The female patient is well-clothed for her age. She shows concentration and a correct understanding of her surroundings, including people, place, and time. Her conduct is usual. She cooperated and communicated well throughout the interview. She has a moderate functional disability. Denies the existence of hallucinations or delusions.
A: According to the DSM-V diagnostic criteria, the patient’s symptoms are compatible with Major Depressive Disorder.
P: Medication was prescribed in addition to psychotherapy treatments, including mindfulness training and cognitive-behavioral therapy.
- Insomnia
Name: D.K.
Age: 39 years old
Gender: Female
Diagnosis: Insomnia
S: A 39-year-old Caucasian female was sent to the clinic by her physician. The patient’s sleeplessness has deteriorated despite the initial diagnosis of severe depressive disorder, leading the doctor to refer her for additional psychiatric examination. She has been experiencing constant sadness. She also mentioned having difficulty falling asleep. The decrease in her appetite caused a significant daily drop in his energy levels. In addition, she admitted to having passive suicidal thoughts.
O: The patient was dressed appropriately for the clinic. Her speaking tempo was slowed, but the volume remained constant. She reported feeling depressed. The client denied any instances of illusions, delusions, or hallucinations. She maintained direct gaze contact throughout the examination. She had a forward-thinking mentality. She frankly shared her experience with suicide ideation without any specific plan or effort.
A: Given the patient’s continued antidepressant therapy, our primary emphasis is on managing her sleeplessness.
P: The patient should consider combining cognitive-behavioral therapy with her medication. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia is a complete treatment that addresses problems with both getting asleep and staying asleep.
- Anorexia Nervosa
Name: Y.U.
Age: 24 years old
Gender: Female
Diagnosis: Anorexia Nervosa
S: The patient is a 23-year-old Asian girl who presented to the clinic with amenorrhea and significant weight loss in recent months. Furthermore, she claims to have persistent exhaustion and sleeplessness problems. She sometimes has constipation and stomach pain. She is unable to eat despite being hungry. She displays discomfort about her weight. There are no recorded medicine or food sensitivities.
O: All significant physiological markers are within normal ranges except for a body mass index of 16.7. The physical examination reveals signs such as thin hair, no menstruation, dry skin, swollen arms, and a blue tinge to the fingers. The abdominal examination indicates constipation and sensitivity. The patient exhibits indications of hunger and debility. The psychological assessment indicates a significant amount of pain.
A: The patient’s medical documents show a diagnosis of anorexia nervosa.
P: Consider managed weight gain and talk therapy as potential treatments.
- Enuresis Disorder
Name: F.V.
Age: 7 years old
Gender: Male
Diagnosis: Enuresis Disorder
S: A 7-year-old Asian child has outstanding physical health and no significant social concerns. The patient goes through conventional developmental stages, except nocturnal enuresis. According to the patient’s mother, the patient continues to wear pull-ups at night. The patient denies having any instances of urinary incontinence throughout the day. He denies having any bowel accidents during the day or night. The patient’s primary objective is to attend sleepover parties with his buddies. Nonetheless, he feels embarrassed since his friends may decline his invitation due to his nocturnal enuresis. While at home, he plays with his toys but shows signs of sadness.
O: A complete genital examination was carried out to discover the underlying cause of the patient’s nocturnal enuresis. The doctor palpated the renal and suprapubic areas to determine the presence of an enlarged bladder or kidney. The feces were scientifically analyzed to determine his texture and the presence of blood. A thorough neurological evaluation was conducted, which included a visual inspection and physical assessment of the lumbosacral spine. The findings did not provide a conclusive cause for the patient’s hyperhidrosis.
A: The patient’s examination aimed to identify the underlying reason for his nightly bedwetting.
P: The Three Step Program was implemented and consisted of three main components. Initially, parents were given assurance, and the child was motivated. Additionally, bladder retention and behavior training were used. Finally, parents were actively involved in the treatment process, assisting the child in applying the gained methods and resolving family conflicts.
- Major Depressive Disorder
Name: G.Z.
Age: 21 years old
Gender: Female
Diagnosis: MDD
S: An elder sister took a 21-year-old Caucasian girl to a psychiatric clinic for a mental checkup. She had a medical history of depression throughout her early teens, and she utilized antidepressant medication as a kind of treatment. Nonetheless, when she started college, she stopped taking her medication due to concerns about potential scrutiny from her peers. Nevertheless, she denies the existence of nightmares. During the mental assessment, the patient demonstrated symptoms such as sleepiness, decreased appetite, weeping, poor focus, low motivation, social anxiety, and fatigue.
O: When the patient enters the examination room, she seems well-groomed and dressed adequately for her age. Her intense eye contact and efficient communication throughout the interview demonstrated her exceptional ability to cooperate in responding to questions. She exhibits a high level of situational awareness, including understanding her surroundings, the people around her, and the present time frame. She shows practical communication skills by maintaining a constant tone and intensity. Her understanding is ongoing. Her long-term and short-term memory are intact.
A: The patient meets the DSM-V’s criteria for Major Depressive Disorder (MDD).
P: The patient was informed that cognitive behavioral therapy, interpersonal therapy, and supportive therapy, in addition to pharmaceutical treatment, were the most effective kinds of psychotherapy for controlling major depressive disorder and generalized anxiety disorder.
- Separation Anxiety Disorder (SAD)
Name: R.F.
Age: 12 years old
Gender: Male
Diagnosis: separation anxiety disorder
S: A 12-year-old boy and his mother visited the psychiatric unit for a mental health evaluation. The patient’s mother states that he has constantly shown anxiety and excessive concern about minor issues, such as her possible death or failing to pick him up from school. There is no apparent trigger for the patient’s widespread anxiousness. The patient’s mother shows preference toward his younger sibling. He regularly demonstrates rebellious conduct, such as throwing items at home and school, endangering his safety. He suffers from sleeplessness owing to repeated nightmares at night.
O: The patient is in good general health and retains his sense of self, place, and time. The patient contributes by correctly answering questions and constantly maintaining visual engagement. The patient has a positive attitude and stands up straight. The patient effectively delivers the information with clarity and eloquence. While seeing his mother, he exhibits depressive behavior and has long-term difficulties. He has heightened awareness, explicit remembering, and appropriate cognitive ability.
A: The patient has symptoms that match the diagnostic criteria for separation anxiety disorder.
P: Start the patient on cognitive behavioral therapy. The primary purpose of cognitive-behavioral therapy is to assist parents and children in developing the skills necessary to transform dysfunctional thinking and behavior.
- Alcohol Use Disorder
Name: T.B.
Age: 41 years
Gender: Male
Diagnosis: Alcohol use disorder
S: A 41-year-old Hispanic man came to the clinic for a usual follow-up consultation. After being diagnosed with alcohol consumption disorder, the patient had both psychotherapy and pharmaceutical therapies over five months. The patient reported getting a diagnosis of the condition after experiencing a variety of symptoms consistent with alcohol consumption. The client acknowledged a three-year history of excessive alcohol drinking. Despite his efforts at sobriety, he battled to manage his excessive drinking. He voiced anxiety about his inability to curb excessive alcohol usage.
O: The patient is appropriately clothed. He maintained a self-aware, socially conscious attitude toward himself, people, and diverse events. He did not exhibit any aberrant behaviors, such as tics. The client’s mind content remained unaffected. He denied any recent experiences with illusions, delusions, or hallucinations. He denied any mention of suicide ideas, attempts, plans, or intentions. The patient’s speech exhibited the usual tone, pace, content, and volume characteristics.
A: Alcohol use disorder symptoms have been steadily improving. He meets the DSM-V criteria, which supports this diagnosis.
P: The patient was advised that joining an anonymous alcohol support group would make sobering up easier, and he agreed. It was recommended that the client continue with her treatment. He had a follow-up appointment scheduled for four weeks later.