PSYC Week 8 Final Exam

Question 1

CO 5. In August 2008, the republic of Georgia, once part of
the former Soviet Union, became involved in a territorial dispute with South
Ossetia, a province that wanted to break away from it and join the Russia
Federation. Georgia sent troops into South Ossetia to quell the uprising, and
the Russians made their displeasure known by bombing Georgian territory and
sending soldiers in to discourage it from suppressing the independence
movement, doing so on the pretense of “peacekeeping”.

World leaders from countries including Canada, which has
said it would meet any attempt by the province of Quebec to secede from the
nation with military intervention, and the United States, which fought a
destructive civil war with southern states which seceded in the 1860s, widely
condemned Russia. The general position of the leaders of both countries is that
Georgia’s territorial sovereignty must be respected.

Apply the course concepts of ethnocentrism and moral
hypocrisy to the criticisms of Russia made by these international leaders. What
do you conclude about their behaviors? Hint: Explicitly use each course concept
by name and also give a one sentence definition of it.

Question 2

CO’s 4 and 12. At the 2008 Summer Olympics, Cuban Taekwondo
athlete Angel Matos fell to the mat, after being hit by his opponent. He became
incensed at the referee, who disqualified him for exceeding the one-minute
time-out allowed for an injury. Matos angrily disputed the call, physically
pushing a judge and then pushing and kicking the referee in the face. He spat
on the mat and was escorted out by officials. The World Taekwondo Federation
immediately banned Matos for life, and the IOC took away his bronze medal.

This is a two part question:

a. What is it about the fundamental nature and structure of
the Olympics that helps explain why this situation occurred?

b. This example contains evidence of both hostile aggression
and instrumental aggression. Which part of the example involves hostile
aggression, and which part of the example involves instrumental aggression?
Explain your reasoning.

Question 3

CO 9. Barack Obama became a very hot political commodity in
2006 when he caught the attention and imagination of the American public by
announcing his intention to run for President in 2008. He is a tall, nice
looking, and a very articulate individual, which quickly made him a media
darling. Some media watchers have described his impact as similar to a rock
star.

Name two (2) factors of interpersonal attraction mentioned
in the textbook that would explain his attractiveness to audiences.

Question 4

CO 6. Why do common
external threats and shared goals lead to greater cooperation between two
conflicting groups?

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Question 5

CO 3. Angelica and Michael are chatting about how things are
going in their business statistics class. Angelica remarks that she got 68
percent on the Midterm. Michael says his mark was 92 percent. Angelica feels
discouraged when she hears Michael’s score. This is an example of which one of
the following concepts?

social
identity

personal identity

social comparison

low
esteem

Question 6

CO 13. Militant anti-abortion groups are socially deviant
groups, by definition. They use violent aggression to get their messages across
to their opponents, and to attack radical fringe supporters. People have been
killed or seriously injured in bombings of abortion clinics and shootings of
workers and physicians. All of the public attention is in effect, a payoff for
the anti-social violence. Other groups have behaved similarly in the past, and
the technique seems to have been successful. What theory or concept of
aggression in the textbook corresponds to the argument that anti-abortion group
violence continues because it is effective in getting attention, and reflects
an imitation of observed behaviors of other people?

social
learning theory

hostile aggression theory

frustration-aggression hypothesis

equity
theory of motivation

Question 7

CO 1. Imagine you are walking along and a large dog
approaches you. You assume the dog is unfriendly, so you start yelling at it to
go away. In your mind, you are convinced the dog is going to harm you. The dog
is alarmed and defends itself by biting you on the ankle. This is an example of
which one of the following?

self-fulfilling belief

self-handicapping behavior

self-defeating behavior

perceived lack of control of your outcome

Question 8

CO 8. Using the
definition in the text, which one of the following examples is NOT a group?

a
doctor and her patient

three
people sharing a taxi, and deciding who gets dropped off first

four
students working together on a class project

five
people who are riding a city bus to downtown

Question 9

CO 4. After seeing several advertisements for the Powerball
lottery, you imagine living the life of the rich and famous for yourself. This
future self-schema you imagine is an example of which one of the following?

gloried self

feared
self

possible self

hoped-for self

Question 10

CO 2. Which one of
the following research methods would work best if you wanted to study the
routes people take when shopping in a grocery superstore while allowing them to
maintain the effects of their natural environment?

follow
people around the store unobtrusively, noting their routes (field study)

as
people leave the store, ask them to fill out a short questionnaire (survey)

analyze the store’s cash register records against a store layout map
(correlational study)

Question 11

CO 11. Which one of
Melvin’s relatives is most likely to respond favorably to an unexpected request
for a charitable donation to a local hospital?

Melvin’s older sister, who is in a hurry to get to her doctor’s
appointment

Melvin’s
mother, who just got a very positive job evaluation at work

Melvin’s cousin, who is upset over receiving a D on his college physical
exam

Melvin’s father, who is annoyed because the person who delivers the
newspaper threw the paper into a prized rose bush

Question 12

CO 7. There is a
water shortage in the City of Crossroads, and all households have been asked to
curb their lawn watering between 11 AM and 3 PM, when evaporation is at its
highest on hot days. However, some
residents persist in watering throughout the day, thus consuming more water
than their share, even though the cost of the water is dispersed among all
citizens. This result is described as which one of the following?

selfishness

environmental irresponsibility

overconsumption

tragedy of the commons

Question 13

CO 3. After arguing
with her boyfriend over the telephone, in a fit of rage, Roberta throws the
cordless telephone receiver across the room as a means for taking the anger out
in another way. She barely misses the TV. This behavior demonstrates which one
of the following aspects of aggression?

displacement

instrumental aggression

hostile aggression

an
adaptation response

Question 14 5

CO 9. Expecting that
someone will be pleasant and compatible (anticipatory liking) increases the
chances of which one of the following?

becoming
involved in an inequitable relationship

a
co-dependent relationship

the
weaker party being exploited in the early stages of the relationship

forming a mutually rewarding relationship