Topic 2: Health Care Culture

Name

Institution

Course

Date

Culture can be described as incorporated patterns of human behavior comprising thoughts, language, communications, beliefs, customs, values, actions, and institutions of ethnic, racial, social, or religious groups. All organizations have a defined culture which includes the practices, values, and expectations that inform and direct the actions of all employees (Henke et al., 2019). A culture is developed through constant and reliable behaviors rather than policy documents. In this regard, this paper will describe health care culture, including a culture of excellence and safety, principles to create a culture of excellence and safety, and how the Christian worldview can enhance ethical practices.

Health Care Culture

A healthcare culture defines human behavior patterns comprising the thoughts, language, communications, customs, values, beliefs, actions, and institutions of the health care system. Health care system’s behavior patterns that are acquired and socially conveyed include language, customs, and traditions. Henke et al. (2019) explain that healthcare culture champions healthy, equitable communities and affects decision-making in private and public sectors. In a healthcare culture, every person is given a chance to make decisions that promote healthy lifestyles.

Culture of Excellence

A culture of excellence refers to one that aims for the highest quality results and will not give in for average results. It involves focusing on accomplishing results that have never been attained, achieving extraordinary results, and breaking records (Arthurs et al., 2018). A culture of excellence involves and empowers all the employees in an organization to think divergently in a modern vision that suits the challenging and evolving times the organization faces. Creating a culture of excellence in healthcare necessitates transformational leadership, strategic planning, and effective change management.

Culture of Safety

A culture of safety refers to a culture where an organization’s common values, perceptions, beliefs, and attitudes develop a commitment to safety and efforts to mitigate harm. The safety culture concept was derived outside health care in high-reliability organizations that constantly reduce adverse events in spite of engaging in complex and risky work (Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality [AHRQ], 2019). High reliable organizations are highly dedicated to maintain high safety levels by all employees. The commitment creates a culture of safety characterized by a blame-free working environment where employees can report errors or near misses with no fear of punishment or reprimand (AHRQ, 2019). An organization that fosters a safety culture acknowledges the high-risk nature of its activities and the efforts to attain constantly safe operations. It encourages collaboration across disciplines and ranks to identify solutions to safety challenges.

Topic 2 Health Care Culture

Principles for Building a Culture of Excellence and Safety

A culture of excellence and safety in healthcare organizations can be created through various principles, including communication, training, and rewards and incentives. Effective communication is essential to creating and upholding a culture of excellence and safety (Antonsen, 2017). Organizational leaders should support open and respectful communication among employees and encourage them to give and receive constructive feedback. Effective communication is vital in supporting teamwork and coordination in the organization. An organization’s staff become conversant with and part of its safety culture through communication (Antonsen, 2017). Ineffective communication from top-level leaders can lead to leaders saying one thing but doing something different. Consequently, the staff use a lot of their time and energy trying to understand the contradictory messages conveyed by their leaders. The unceasing discrepancies in formal and informal communications can contribute to the staff having a pessimistic perceptive of formal communications. This can cause futile formal communication and weaken an organization’s goal of maintaining a culture of excellence and safety. In a culture of excellence and safety, communication takes top-down and upward patterns, encouraging employees to speak up on matters compromising safety in the organization.

Studies on high-reliability organizations reveal that they outdo other organizations at training their staff to identify inconsistencies and potential problems. Besides, the organizations utilize more funds on training to empower the employees to identify and respond to these problems (AHRQ, 2019). Training empowers the employees to take the necessary actions when they identify safety problems. Recurrent training on excellence and safety is essential to creating that culture. Employees should be trained in safety interventions. Besides, training should be used to motivate employees to foresee any adverse event, eliminate it if possible, or mitigate their adverse impact if not preventable (AHRQ, 2019). Retraining should be provided when safety problems are identified in an organization without imposing penalties or stigma on the employees.

Rewards and incentives are vital in creating and maintaining a culture of excellence and safety in an organization. In high-reliability organizations, employees are rewarded for their efforts in safety improvements interventions, whether individually or as members of safety committees and safety improvement teams (Antonsen, 2017). Rewards and incentives are a form of recognition, formal or informal. However, the value of safety is disseminated through the organization’s reward system. Besides, an organization can maintain a safety culture by clearly displaying and rewarding safety results at all levels. Rewards communicate to the employees on the performance the organization wants to be maintained.

Role of Various Stakeholders in Improving Health Care Culture

Both internal and external stakeholders of healthcare organizations have a responsibility to improve healthcare culture. Internal stakeholders, including healthcare providers, have a role in providing patients with high-quality care and implementing interventions to reduce healthcare costs to make healthcare accessible to all populations (Angell, 2018). External stakeholders, including patients, have a role in improving health care culture by engaging in healthy lifestyle practices to improve health outcomes and reduce healthcare expenses. In addition, pharmaceutical companies should improve health care culture by ensuring they manufacture safe pharmaceutical products to minimize adverse drug events and foster better health outcomes (Angell, 2018). Insurance providers’ role in enhancing healthcare culture includes offering affordable insurance covers to increase the accessibility of healthcare to all persons irrespective of their economic status. The policymakers as external stakeholders have a role in developing policies that will increase access to healthcare for citizens.

Use of CWV Principles by Health Care Organizations to Enhance Ethical Practices

The CWV principles that can be applied by healthcare organizations to better their ethical practices comprise solidarity, human dignity, and the common good. The principle of human dignity is used to support Christians’ belief that every life is sacred (Cuellar De la Cruz & Robinson, 2017). Although technology and medical treatments can improve a patient’s dignity, some forms take away their dignity. Organizations should avoid persistence on burdensome healthcare technology even when a patient may legally wish to forgo it to preserve their human dignity. Solidarity refers to living and dying in a community that understands each person’s value to society. Christians care for their neighbor’s health not only because they see a person as having dignity worthy but also because their lives are connected in a way that their lives depend on each other (Cuellar De la Cruz & Robinson, 2017). Consequently, health providers should make patients understand that they are valued in their community. The principle of the common good refers to the benefit of all. Health organizations should seek to provide health care for the benefit of all populations and avoid the tendency to be caught up in their interests and concerns.

Integration of Faith Learning and Work at GCU to Improve Health Care Culture

Faith, learning and work can be incorporated into patient care settings through research to produce new information and knowledge on interventions that can be employed to improve a culture of healthcare. Research can also generate knowledge on interventions that can help increase healthcare access to all populations and improve population health outcomes. Faith and work can be integrated to educate communities on changing lifestyle practices to promote better health and reduce the risk of diseases and injury.

Conclusion

A healthcare culture refers to a culture that supports good health and wellbeing to prosper across geographic, demographic, and social domains. Organizations that foster a safety culture commit their resources to address safety concerns. Creating and continually enhancing a culture of excellence and safety in a health care organization is crucial to prevent and mitigate errors in patient care and improve the quality and safety of health care services. Communication, training, and rewards and incentives can create a culture of excellence and safety in healthcare organizations.

References

Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. (2019). Culture of safety. PSNet. https://psnet.ahrq.gov/primer/culture-safety

Angell, M. (2018). Health care reform: duties and responsibilities of the stakeholders. https://sites. sju.edu/icb/health-care-reform-duties-and-responsibilities-of-the-stakeholders.

Antonsen, S. (2017). Safety culture: theory, method, and improvement. CRC Press.

Arthurs, K., Bell-Gordon, C., Chalupa, B., Rose, A. L., Martinez, D., Watson, J. A., & Bernard, D. P. (2018). A culture of nursing excellence: A community hospital’s journey from Pathway to Excellence RG to Magnet RG recognition. Journal of Nursing Education and Practice, 8(5). https://doi.org/10.5430/jnep.v8n5p26

Cuellar De la Cruz, Y., & Robinson, S. (2017). Answering the call to accessible quality health care for all using a new model of local community not-for-profit charity clinics: A return to Christ-centered care of the past. The Linacre Quarterly, 84(1), 44–56. https://doi.org/10.1080/00243639.2016.1274631

Henke, R. M., Head, M. A., Kent, K. B., Goetzel, R. Z., Roemer, E. C., & McCleary, K. (2019). Improvements in an organization’s culture of health reduces workers’ health risk profile and health care utilization. Journal of occupational and environmental medicine, 61(2), 96-101. https://doi.org/10.1097/JOM.0000000000001479

Grid View

	Excellent	Good	Fair	Poor
Main Posting	45 (45%) – 50 (50%) Answers all parts of the discussion question(s) expectations with reflective critical analysis and synthesis of knowledge gained from the course readings for the module and current credible sources. Supported by at least three current, credible sources. Written clearly and concisely with no grammatical or spelling errors and fully adheres to current APA manual writing rules and style.	40 (40%) – 44 (44%) Responds to the discussion question(s) and is reflective with critical analysis and synthesis of knowledge gained from the course readings for the module. At least 75% of post has exceptional depth and breadth. Supported by at least three credible sources. Written clearly and concisely with one or no grammatical or spelling errors and fully adheres to current APA manual writing rules and style.	35 (35%) – 39 (39%) Responds to some of the discussion question(s). One or two criteria are not addressed or are superficially addressed. Is somewhat lacking reflection and critical analysis and synthesis. Somewhat represents knowledge gained from the course readings for the module. Post is cited with two credible sources. Written somewhat concisely; may contain more than two spelling or grammatical errors. Contains some APA formatting errors.	0 (0%) – 34 (34%) Does not respond to the discussion question(s) adequately. Lacks depth or superficially addresses criteria. Lacks reflection and critical analysis and synthesis. Does not represent knowledge gained from the course readings for the module. Contains only one or no credible sources. Not written clearly or concisely. Contains more than two spelling or grammatical errors. Does not adhere to current APA manual writing rules and style.
Main Post: Timeliness	10 (10%) – 10 (10%) Posts main post by day 3.	0 (0%) – 0 (0%)	0 (0%) – 0 (0%)	0 (0%) – 0 (0%) Does not post by day 3.
First Response	17 (17%) – 18 (18%) Response exhibits synthesis, critical thinking, and application to practice settings. Responds fully to questions posed by faculty. Provides clear, concise opinions and ideas that are supported by at least two scholarly sources. Demonstrates synthesis and understanding of learning objectives. Communication is professional and respectful to colleagues. Responses to faculty questions are fully answered, if posed. Response is effectively written in standard, edited English.	15 (15%) – 16 (16%) Response exhibits critical thinking and application to practice settings. Communication is professional and respectful to colleagues. Responses to faculty questions are answered, if posed. Provides clear, concise opinions and ideas that are supported by two or more credible sources. Response is effectively written in standard, edited English.	13 (13%) – 14 (14%) Response is on topic and may have some depth. Responses posted in the discussion may lack effective professional communication. Responses to faculty questions are somewhat answered, if posed. Response may lack clear, concise opinions and ideas, and a few or no credible sources are cited.	0 (0%) – 12 (12%) Response may not be on topic and lacks depth. Responses posted in the discussion lack effective professional communication. Responses to faculty questions are missing. No credible sources are cited.
Second Response	16 (16%) – 17 (17%) Response exhibits synthesis, critical thinking, and application to practice settings. Responds fully to questions posed by faculty. Provides clear, concise opinions and ideas that are supported by at least two scholarly sources. Demonstrates synthesis and understanding of learning objectives. Communication is professional and respectful to colleagues. Responses to faculty questions are fully answered, if posed. Response is effectively written in standard, edited English.	14 (14%) – 15 (15%) Response exhibits critical thinking and application to practice settings. Communication is professional and respectful to colleagues. Responses to faculty questions are answered, if posed. Provides clear, concise opinions and ideas that are supported by two or more credible sources. Response is effectively written in standard, edited English.	12 (12%) – 13 (13%) Response is on topic and may have some depth. Responses posted in the discussion may lack effective professional communication. Responses to faculty questions are somewhat answered, if posed. Response may lack clear, concise opinions and ideas, and a few or no credible sources are cited.	0 (0%) – 11 (11%) Response may not be on topic and lacks depth. Responses posted in the discussion lack effective professional communication. Responses to faculty questions are missing. No credible sources are cited.
Participation	5 (5%) – 5 (5%) Meets requirements for participation by posting on three different days.	0 (0%) – 0 (0%)	0 (0%) – 0 (0%)	0 (0%) – 0 (0%) Does not meet requirements for participation by posting on 3 different days.
Total Points: 100

Click here to ORDER an A++ paper from our Verified MASTERS and DOCTORATE WRITERS: Topic 2: Health Care Culture:

Lopes Write Policy

For assignments that need to be submitted to Lopes Write, please be sure you have received your report and Similarity Index (SI) percentage BEFORE you do a “final submit” to me.

Once you have received your report, please review it. This report will show you grammatical, punctuation, and spelling errors that can easily be fixed. Take the extra few minutes to review instead of getting counted off for these mistakes.

Review your similarities. Did you forget to cite something? Did you not paraphrase well enough? Is your paper made up of someone else’s thoughts more than your own?

Visit the Writing Center in the Student Success Center, under the Resources tab in LoudCloud for tips on improving your paper and SI score.

Late Policy

The university’s policy on late assignments is 10% penalty PER DAY LATE. This also applies to late DQ replies.

Please communicate with me if you anticipate having to submit an assignment late. I am happy to be flexible, with advance notice. We may be able to work out an extension based on extenuating circumstances.

If you do not communicate with me before submitting an assignment late, the GCU late policy will be in effect.

I do not accept assignments that are two or more weeks late unless we have worked out an extension.

As per policy, no assignments are accepted after the last day of class. Any assignment submitted after midnight on the last day of class will not be accepted for grading.

Communication

Communication is so very important. There are multiple ways to communicate with me:

Questions to Instructor Forum: This is a great place to ask course content or assignment questions. If you have a question, there is a good chance one of your peers does as well. This is a public forum for the class.

Individual Forum: This is a private forum to ask me questions or send me messages. This will be checked at least once every 24 hours.

Important information for writing discussion questions and participation

Welcome to class

Hello class and welcome to the class and I will be your instructor for this course. This is a -week course and requires a lot of time commitment, organization, and a high level of dedication. Please use the class syllabus to guide you through all the assignments required for the course. I have also attached the classroom policies to this announcement to know your expectations for this course. Please review this document carefully and ask me any questions if you do. You could email me at any time or send me a message via the “message” icon in halo if you need to contact me. I check my email regularly, so you should get a response within 24 hours. If you have not heard from me within 24 hours and need to contact me urgently, please send a follow up text to

I strongly encourage that you do not wait until the very last minute to complete your assignments. Your assignments in weeks 4 and 5 require early planning as you would need to present a teaching plan and interview a community health provider. I advise you look at the requirements for these assignments at the beginning of the course and plan accordingly. I have posted the YouTube link that explains all the class assignments in detail. It is required that you watch this 32-minute video as the assignments from week 3 through 5 require that you follow the instructions to the letter to succeed. Failure to complete these assignments according to instructions might lead to a zero. After watching the video, please schedule a one-on-one with me to discuss your topic for your project by the second week of class. Use this link to schedule a 15-minute session. Please, call me at the time of your appointment on my number. Please note that I will NOT call you.

Please, be advised I do NOT accept any assignments by email. If you are having technical issues with uploading an assignment, contact the technical department and inform me of the issue. If you have any issues that would prevent you from getting your assignments to me by the deadline, please inform me to request a possible extension. Note that working fulltime or overtime is no excuse for late assignments. There is a 5%-point deduction for every day your assignment is late. This only applies to approved extensions. Late assignments will not be accepted.

If you think you would be needing accommodations due to any reasons, please contact the appropriate department to request accommodations.

Plagiarism is highly prohibited. Please ensure you are citing your sources correctly using APA 7th edition. All assignments including discussion posts should be formatted in APA with the appropriate spacing, font, margin, and indents. Any papers not well formatted would be returned back to you, hence, I advise you review APA formatting style. I have attached a sample paper in APA format and will also post sample discussion responses in subsequent announcements.

Your initial discussion post should be a minimum of 200 words and response posts should be a minimum of 150 words. Be advised that I grade based on quality and not necessarily the number of words you post. A minimum of TWO references should be used for your initial post. For your response post, you do not need references as personal experiences would count as response posts. If you however cite anything from the literature for your response post, it is required that you cite your reference. You should include a minimum of THREE references for papers in this course. Please note that references should be no more than 5 years old except recommended as a resource for the class. Furthermore, for each discussion board question, you need ONE initial substantive response and TWO substantive responses to either your classmates or your instructor for a total of THREE responses. There are TWO discussion questions each week, hence, you need a total minimum of SIX discussion posts for each week. I usually post a discussion question each week. You could also respond to these as it would count towards your required SIX discussion posts for the week.

I understand this is a lot of information to cover in 5 weeks, however, the Bible says in Philippians 4:13 that we can do all things through Christ that strengthens us. Even in times like this, we are encouraged by God’s word that we have that ability in us to succeed with His strength. I pray that each and every one of you receives strength for this course and life generally as we navigate through this pandemic that is shaking our world today. Relax and enjoy the course!

Hi Class,

Please read through the following information on writing a Discussion question response and participation posts.

Contact me if you have any questions.

Important information on Writing a Discussion Question

Your response needs to be a minimum of 150 words (not including your list of references)
There needs to be at least TWO references with ONE being a peer reviewed professional journal article.
Include in-text citations in your response
Do not include quotes—instead summarize and paraphrase the information
Follow APA-7th edition
Points will be deducted if the above is not followed

Participation –replies to your classmates or instructor

A minimum of 6 responses per week, on at least 3 days of the week.
Each response needs at least ONE reference with citations—best if it is a peer reviewed journal article
Each response needs to be at least 75 words in length (does not include your list of references)
Responses need to be substantive by bringing information to the discussion or further enhance the discussion. Responses of “I agree” or “great post” does not count for the word count.
Follow APA 7th edition
Points will be deducted if the above is not followed
Remember to use and follow APA-7th edition for all weekly assignments, discussion questions, and participation points.
Here are some helpful links
Student paper example
Citing Sources
The Writing Center is a great resource