NURS 6521 Discussion Women’s and Men’s Health, Infectious Disease, and Hematologic Disorders

NURS 6521 Discussion Women’s and Men’s Health, Infectious Disease, and Hematologic Disorders

Walden University NURS 6521 Discussion Women’s and Men’s Health, Infectious Disease, and Hematologic Disorders-Step-By-Step Guide

 

This guide will demonstrate how to complete the Walden University  NURS 6521 Discussion Women’s and Men’s Health, Infectious Disease, and Hematologic Disorders assignment based on general principles of academic writing. Here, we will show you the A, B, Cs of completing an academic paper, irrespective of the instructions. After guiding you through what to do, the guide will leave one or two sample essays at the end to highlight the various sections discussed below.

 

How to Research and Prepare for NURS 6521 Discussion Women’s and Men’s Health, Infectious Disease, and Hematologic Disorders

 

Whether one passes or fails an academic assignment such as the Walden University  NURS 6521 Discussion Women’s and Men’s Health, Infectious Disease, and Hematologic Disorders depends on the preparation done beforehand. The first thing to do once you receive an assignment is to quickly skim through the requirements. Once that is done, start going through the instructions one by one to clearly understand what the instructor wants. The most important thing here is to understand the required format—whether it is APA, MLA, Chicago, etc.

 

After understanding the requirements of the paper, the next phase is to gather relevant materials. The first place to start the research process is the weekly resources. Go through the resources provided in the instructions to determine which ones fit the assignment. After reviewing the provided resources, use the university library to search for additional resources. After gathering sufficient and necessary resources, you are now ready to start drafting your paper.

 

How to Write the Introduction for NURS 6521 Discussion Women’s and Men’s Health, Infectious Disease, and Hematologic Disorders

 

The introduction for the Walden University  NURS 6521 Discussion Women’s and Men’s Health, Infectious Disease, and Hematologic Disorders is where you tell the instructor what your paper will encompass. In three to four statements, highlight the important points that will form the basis of your paper. Here, you can include statistics to show the importance of the topic you will be discussing. At the end of the introduction, write a clear purpose statement outlining what exactly will be contained in the paper. This statement will start with “The purpose of this paper…” and then proceed to outline the various sections of the instructions.

 

How to Write the Body for NURS 6521 Discussion Women’s and Men’s Health, Infectious Disease, and Hematologic Disorders 

 

After the introduction, move into the main part of the NURS 6521 Discussion Women’s and Men’s Health, Infectious Disease, and Hematologic Disorders assignment, which is the body. Given that the paper you will be writing is not experimental, the way you organize the headings and subheadings of your paper is critically important. In some cases, you might have to use more subheadings to properly organize the assignment. The organization will depend on the rubric provided. Carefully examine the rubric, as it will contain all the detailed requirements of the assignment. Sometimes, the rubric will have information that the normal instructions lack.

 

Another important factor to consider at this point is how to do citations. In-text citations are fundamental as they support the arguments and points you make in the paper. At this point, the resources gathered at the beginning will come in handy. Integrating the ideas of the authors with your own will ensure that you produce a comprehensive paper. Also, follow the given citation format. In most cases, APA 7 is the preferred format for nursing assignments.

 

How to Write the Conclusion for NURS 6521 Discussion Women’s and Men’s Health, Infectious Disease, and Hematologic Disorders

 

After completing the main sections, write the conclusion of your paper. The conclusion is a summary of the main points you made in your paper. However, you need to rewrite the points and not simply copy and paste them. By restating the points from each subheading, you will provide a nuanced overview of the assignment to the reader.

 

How to Format the References List for NURS 6521 Discussion Women’s and Men’s Health, Infectious Disease, and Hematologic Disorders

 

The very last part of your paper involves listing the sources used in your paper. These sources should be listed in alphabetical order and double-spaced. Additionally, use a hanging indent for each source that appears in this list. Lastly, only the sources cited within the body of the paper should appear here.

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Sample Answer for NURS 6521 Discussion Women’s and Men’s Health, Infectious Disease, and Hematologic Disorders

A 46-year-old, 230lb woman with a family history of breast cancer. She is up to date on yearly mammograms. She has a history of HTN. She complains of hot flushing, night sweats, and genitourinary symptoms. She had felt well until 1 month ago and presented to her gynecologist for her annual GYN examination and to discuss her symptoms. She has a history of ASCUS about 5 years ago on her pap; other than that, Pap smears have been normal. Home medications are Norvasc 10mg QD and HCTZ 25mg QD. Her BP today is 150/90. She has regular monthly menstrual cycles. Her LMP was one month ago.

Treatment Regimen

After analyzing the symptoms, I concluded that the patient is experiencing peri-menopausal symptoms. For many people, menopause begins around age 45 though the onset of symptoms varies across different people. She is undergoing the early stages of menopause which is a stage that begins with experiencing changes in the uterus, breasts, increased fat deposit, and the urogenital tract undergoing several changes such as a shrinking cervix, and reduced muscle tone in the pelvic area. At that age, the level of estrogen production is low hence, leading to hot flashes and night sweats. Therefore, her treatment regime will focus on taking into consideration the patient has Hypertension already. Hormone therapy will be eliminated and prescribe vaginal cream that would help her manage genitourinary symptoms such as vaginal dryness and dyspareunia (Yoo et al., 2020). Mood changes and hot flashes are common symptoms of menopause hence the patient will be prescribed low-dose antidepressants such as venlafaxine and sertraline. Besides, herbal treatment has been proven to be effective in managing vasomotor symptoms hence the patient can be prescribed black cohosh which helps in reducing many menopausal symptoms (Mahady, et al., 2002).

As people continue to age, their bones become weak and this increases their chances of suffering born fractures. Therefore, the patient will be given vitamin D supplements to the increase production of estrogen which reduces with age and reduces cases of bone fractures.

During the clinical interview, I realized that the patient is taking Norvasc 10 mg and hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) 25 mg. I would advise her to discontinue taking Norvasc since the drug acts as a calcium blocker hence leading to hypertension and besides, its side effects increase menopause symptoms. Since she has hypertension, I would recommend that she takes lisinopril 20 mg daily. This should help alleviate the flushing that the patient has been experiencing (Li et al., 2016). Additionally, the patient has a history of ASCUS, hence I will advise her to continue with her PAP smear exams. With her blood pressure being high currently, and the fact that she is taking Norvasc, she will be encouraged to stop Norvasc but increase the HTCZ dosage to 50mg daily. The patient is expected to come regularly for assessment and examination of the drugs and symptoms.

Patient Education Strategies

Patient education has become an effective strategy to influence patients’ behavior to start living a quality life. The patient will be educated on ways to maintain weight through diet modification, become physically active, and practice relaxation as one way to reduce the severity of menopause symptoms and chances of getting breast cancer (Paterick et al., 2017). The patient will be educated about things she needs to avoid such as the use of exogenous hormones to reduce getting breast cancer going to her family history (Stuenkel et al., 2015). All this information will be passed to the patient through her patient portal which is deemed the best instructional method for her as she can access the information from the comfort of her home.

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References

Li, R. X., Ma, M., Xiao, X. R., Xu, Y., Chen, X. Y., & Li, B. (2016). Perimenopausal syndrome and mood disorders in perimenopause: prevalence, severity, relationships, and risk factors. Medicine, 95(32).

Mahady, G. B., Fabricant, D., Chadwick, L. R., & Dietz, B. (2002). Black cohosh: an alternative therapy for menopause?. Nutrition in Clinical Care, 5(6), 283-289.

Paterick, T. E., Patel, N., Tajik, A. J., &Chandrasekaran, K. (2017, January). Improving health outcomes through patient education and partnerships with patients. In Baylor University Medical Center Proceedings (Vol. 30, No. 1, pp. 112-113). Taylor & Francis.

Manson, J. E., &Kaunitz, A. M. (2016). Menopause management—getting clinical care back on track. N Engl J Med, 374(9), 803-6.

Stuenkel, C. A., Davis, S. R., Gompel, A., Lumsden, M. A., Murad, M. H., Pinkerton, J. V., & Santen, R. J. (2015). Treatment of symptoms of the menopause: an endocrine society clinical practice guideline. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 100(11), 3975-4011.

Yoo, T. K., Han, K. D., Kim, D., Ahn, J., Park, W. C., &Chae, B. J. (2020). Hormone replacement therapy, breast cancer risk factors, and breast cancer risk: a nationwide population-based cohort. Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention, 29(7), 1341-1347.

Sample Answer 2 for NURS 6521 Discussion Women’s and Men’s Health, Infectious Disease, and Hematologic Disorders

This is an in-depth and exceptional post about the case study. I agree with you that the patient is experiencing peri-menopausal symptoms. There are myriad treatment options for patients experiencing menopause, which usually depend on the seriousness of the symptoms. One of the treatment options that can be applied in this case is hormone replacement therapy to assist in replacing the lost estrogen and managing the symptoms of menopause (Cagnacci & Venier, 2019). Hormone replacement therapy is crucial in averting osteoporosis, lowering vasomotor symptoms, and preventing bone degeneration. It is important for the healthcare provider to collect a host of information before starting this treatment including data on BP, cardiovascular and breast screening, lipid panel, TSH, and HR. Reduction in estrogen is associated with bone degeneration and an increase in cardiovascular issues (Biglia et al., 2019). Therefore, the patient should be educated on the benefits of reducing weight, intake of sufficient calcium and Vitamin D, and avoidance of alcohol. The patient should also be educated on the benefits of consistently receiving mammograms due to her family history of breast cancer.

References

Biglia, N., Bounous, V. E., De Seta, F., Lello, S., Nappi, R. E., & Paoletti, A. M. (2019). Non-hormonal strategies for managing menopausal symptoms in cancer survivors: an update. ecancermedicalscience, 13. Doi: 10.3332/ecancer.2019.909

Cagnacci, A., & Venier, M. (2019). The controversial history of hormone replacement therapy. Medicina, 55(9), 602. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina55090602

Sample Answer 3 for NURS 6521 Discussion Women’s and Men’s Health, Infectious Disease, and Hematologic Disorders

A 46-year-old, 230lb woman with a family history of breast cancer. She is up to date on yearly mammograms. She has a history of HTN. She complains of hot flushing, night sweats, and genitourinary symptoms. She had felt well until 1 month ago and presented to her gynecologist for her annual GYN examination and to discuss her symptoms. She has a history of ASCUS about 5 years ago on her pap; other than that, Pap smears have been normal. Home medications are Norvasc 10mg QD and HCTZ 25mg QD. Her BP today is 150/90. She has regular monthly menstrual cycles. Her LMP was one month ago.

From a personal standpoint, being age 60, overweight and having a family history of breast cancer, and being hypertensive, I can relate to this case study. I take HRT daily.

I recommend Compounded hormone therapy. According to Thompson, Ritenbaugh&Nichter (2017), this medication is a form of bioidentical hormone therapy that is individually formulated for patients by pharmacists. Popularly, the term “bioidentical” refers to prescription hormones that have “the same molecular structure as a hormone that is endogenously produced and circulates in the human bloodstream.” Bioidentical hormone therapy may be manufactured in standard doses by drug companies and sold under brand names such as Vivelle (estradiol) and Prometrium (micronized progesterone). Alternatively, it may be individually formulated for patients by compounding pharmacists as CBHT. CBHT is available in an array of delivery methods (e.g., capsules, patches, creams, sublingual lozenges or “troches,” and vaginal suppositories) and dose strengths, although common compounded formulations include estriol alone, “bi-estrogen” or “bi-est” combinations (estradiol and estriol), or “tri-estrogen” or “tri-est” combinations (estrone, estradiol, and estriol)—as well as progesterone, testosterone, and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA).

According to Dalal&Aganwal (2015), Systemic estrogen therapy is the most effective treatment available for vasomotor symptoms and the associated sleep disturbance. Healthy women in the perimenopausal transition who are experiencing bothersome hot flashes but still menstruating may benefit from oral contraceptives.

I would recommend for the patient have yearly mammograms and pap tests, a weight program, and monitor blood pressure and heart rate at home. Follow up in 3 months for repeat blood work to see the efficacy of therapy.

 

References:

Dalal, P. K., & Agarwal, M. (2015). Postmenopausal syndrome. Indian journal of psychiatry, 57(Suppl 2), S222–S232. https://doi.org/10.4103/0019-5545.161483 Links to an external site.

Thompson, J. J., Ritenbaugh, C., &Nichter, M. (2017). Why women choose compounded bioidentical hormone therapy: lessons from a qualitative study of menopausal decision-making. BMC women’s health, 17(1), 97. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12905-017-0449-0

Sample Answer 4 for NURS 6521 Discussion Women’s and Men’s Health, Infectious Disease, and Hematologic Disorders

Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is acquired outside of the hospital, nursing home, or any other medical facility. Pneumonia is caused by infection of the lungs. CAP in the elderly has a different clinical presentation than CAP in other age groups. (Riquelme, 1997) Elderly patients have an increased risk of CAP with PMH of COPD, HTN, and diabetes. Elderly patients also present with fewer symptoms than younger patients. Delirium, falls and malnutrition are some of the symptoms that elderly patients present with. (Yoshikawa, 2000)

Presentation

Patient is a 68 year-old male that has been admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of community-acquired pneumonia. PMH significant for COPD, HTN, hyperlipidemia and diabetes. Currently receiving empiric antibiotics, ceftriaxone 1 g IV q day x 3 days, and azithromycin 500 mg IV x 3 days. Clinical status has improved, with decreased oxygen use. Currently not tolerating a diet, with complaints of nausea and vomiting. Reported Allergies are Penicillin. Ht: 5’8” Wt: 89 kg

Treatment

Ceftriaxone in combination with azithromycin is one of the most common regimens used for the treatment of CAP because the therapy covers both standard organisms as well as atypical organisms. (Murter, 2019) Medications has been effective but there is an issue with patient not tolerating his diet. Zofran 4mg IV as needed with a max of 0.45 mg/kg/day IV. (Rosenthal, 2021) Liquid diet will be started until solid foods are able to be tolerated.  Blood sugars will be checked 4 times a day.

Education

Patient and family are instructed on how symptoms may present themselves in this age group, delirium, dizziness, and falls. Educate on the importance of finishing all medications prescribed and teach on antibiotic resistance and how it occurs. Order a consult for a dietician so the patient can be educated on diet and exercise. Educate patient and family on the recovery process, explaining that it could take longer than most individuals due to his medical history. Also, educate on the importance of following up with primary care doctor to receive pneumococcal vaccine, to decrease the chances of catching pneumonia again.

References

Murter, F. D. (2019). Ceftriaxone Monotherapy vs. Ceftriaxone Plus Azithromycin for the Treatment of Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Hospitalized, Non-ICU Patients. Open Forum Infectious Diseases,, 6(Suppl 2), S748-S749.

Riquelme, R. T. (1997). Community-acquired pneumonia in the elderly: clinical and nutritional aspects. American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine, 156(6), 1908-1914.

Rosenthal, L. D. (2021). Lehne’s pharmacotherapeutics for advanced practice nurses and physician assistants. St. Louis, MO: Elsevier.

Yoshikawa, T. T. (2000). Community-acquired pneumonia in the elderly. Clinical infectious diseases, 31(4), 1066-1078.