Compare Warfarin and Eliquis
Despite the increasing global burden of stroke, advancements in its management and prevention are still being made. Age is one of the most significant non-modifiable risk factors for stroke, and great focus has been directed toward its prevention and management among the elderly population. Current American Heart Association/American Stroke Association (AHA/ASA) 2018 guidelines recommend the use of anticoagulant therapy for the management and prevention of stroke in older adults (Xian et al., 2019). The use of oral anticoagulants like warfarin or direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) like Eliquis has displayed great effectiveness in reducing the risks of stroke among elderly patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (AF) among others at high risk.
Studies show that despite Eliquis displaying great effectiveness in reducing intracranial hemorrhage, risk of stroke, and mortality rates, it is more likely to cause major bleeding, and high chances of gastrointestinal bleeding, unlike warfarin (Munn et al., 2018). Nevertheless, the 2019 American College of Cardiology/Heart Rhythm Society/American Heart Association/Heart Rhythm Society guidelines recommend the use of DOACs over warfarin in the management of atrial fibrillations (Xian et al., 2019). This is mainly because DOACs like Eliquis, are more associated with i
nstitution-free home time and reduced risks of major adverse cardiovascular events as compared to warfarin in elderly patients.
Healthcare policy initiatives are increasingly encouraging practitioners to move care from the healthcare setting to home-based care, especially among elderly patients who need long-term care. As such providers have a legal duty to professional responsibility, which requires them to help the patient make the best choice when deciding on which medication to administer based on the risk-benefit ratio. Practitioners should also consider ethical principles such as beneficence, non-maleficence, and justice when making such decisions. Regarding financial considerations, DOACs have been reported to be more cost-effective than warfarin (Choi et al., 2022).
References
Choi, J. H., Kim, W., Kim, Y. T., Cho, J., Shin, S. Y., Kim, C., & Kim, J.-B. (2022). Cost-effectiveness of Direct Oral Anticoagu
lant vs. Warfarin Among Atrial Fibrillation Patients With Intermediate Stroke Risk. Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine, 9, 849474. https://doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2022.849474
Munn, D., Abdul-Rahim, A. H., Fischer, U., Werring, D. J., Robinson, T. G., & Dawson, J. (2018). A survey of opinion: When to start oral anticoagulants in patients with acute ischaemic stroke and atrial fibrillation? European Stroke Journal, 3(4), 355–360. https://doi.org/10.1177/2396987318787124
Xian, Y., Xu, H., O’Brien, E. C., Shah, S., Thomas, L., Pencina, M. J., Fonarow, G. C., Olson, D. M., Schwamm, L. H., Bhatt, D. L., Smith, E. E., Hannah, D., Maisch, L., Lytle, B. L., Peterson, E. D., & Hernandez, A. F. (2019). Clinical Effectiveness of Direct Oral Anticoagulants vs Warfarin in Older Patients With Atrial Fibrillation and Ischemic Stroke. JAMA Neurology, 76(10), 1192. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaneurol.2019.2099
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The university’s policy on late assignments is 10% penalty PER DAY LATE. This also applies to late DQ replies.
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Questions to Instructor Forum: This is a great place to ask course content or assignment questions. If you have a question, there is a good chance one of your peers does as well. This is a public forum for the class.
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Important information for writing discussion questions and participation
Welcome to class
Hello class and welcome to the class and I will be your instructor for this course. This is a -week course and requires a lot of time commitment, organization, and a high level of dedication. Please use the class syllabus to guide you through all the assignments required for the course. I have also attached the classroom policies to this announcement to know your expectations for this course. Please review this document carefully and ask me any questions if you do. You could email me at any time or send me a message via the “message” icon in halo if you need to contact me. I check my email regularly, so you should get a response within 24 hours. If you have not heard from me within 24 hours and need to contact me urgently, please send a follow up text to
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Please, be advised I do NOT accept any assignments by email. If you are having technical issues with uploading an assignment, contact the technical department and inform me of the issue. If you have any issues that would prevent you from getting your assignments to me by the deadline, please inform me to request a possible extension. Note that working fulltime or overtime is no excuse for late assignments. There is a 5%-point deduction for every day your assignment is late. This only applies to approved extensions. Late assignments will not be accepted.
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Plagiarism is highly prohibited. Please ensure you are citing your sources correctly using APA 7th edition. All assignments including discussion posts should be formatted in APA with the appropriate spacing, font, margin, and indents. Any papers not well formatted would be returned back to you, hence, I advise you review APA formatting style. I have attached a sample paper in APA format and will also post sample discussion responses in subsequent announcements.
Your initial discussion post should be a minimum of 200 words and response posts should be a minimum of 150 words. Be advised that I grade based on quality and not necessarily the number of words you post. A minimum of TWO references should be used for your initial post. For your response post, you do not need references as personal experiences would count as response posts. If you however cite anything from the literature for your response post, it is required that you cite your reference. You should include a minimum of THREE references for papers in this course. Please note that references should be no more than 5 years old except recommended as a resource for the class. Furthermore, for each discussion board question, you need ONE initial substantive response and TWO substantive responses to either your classmates or your instructor for a total of THREE responses. There are TWO discussion questions each week, hence, you need a total minimum of SIX discussion posts for each week. I usually post a discussion question each week. You could also respond to these as it would count towards your required SIX discussion posts for the week.
I understand this is a lot of information to cover in 5 weeks, however, the Bible says in Philippians 4:13 that we can do all things through Christ that strengthens us. Even in times like this, we are encouraged by God’s word that we have that ability in us to succeed with His strength. I pray that each and every one of you receives strength for this course and life generally as we navigate through this pandemic that is shaking our world today. Relax and enjoy the course!
Hi Class,
Please read through the following information on writing a Discussion question response and participation posts.
Contact me if you have any questions.
Important information on Writing a Discussion Question
- Your response needs to be a minimum of 150 words (not including your list of references)
- There needs to be at least TWO references with ONE being a peer reviewed professional journal article.
- Include in-text citations in your response
- Do not include quotes—instead summarize and paraphrase the information
- Follow APA-7th edition
- Points will be deducted if the above is not followed
Participation –replies to your classmates or instructor
- A minimum of 6 responses per week, on at least 3 days of the week.
- Each response needs at least ONE reference with citations—best if it is a peer reviewed journal article
- Each response needs to be at least 75 words in length (does not include your list of references)
- Responses need to be substantive by bringing information to the discussion or further enhance the discussion. Responses of “I agree” or “great post” does not count for the word count.
- Follow APA 7th edition
- Points will be deducted if the above is not followed
- Remember to use and follow APA-7th edition for all weekly assignments, discussion questions, and participation points.
- Here are some helpful links
- Student paper example
- Citing Sources
- The Writing Center is a great resource