DQ: Consider ecological and global issues, social determinants of health, principles of genetics, and genomics
NUR 550 Topic 2 DQ 2
DQ Consider ecological and global issues, social determinants of health, principles of genetics, and genomics
According to W.H. Schlesinger (2010) Translational Ecology has allowed the information that is important regarding environmental changes reach the public. Schlesinger (2010) goes on to say that keeping communication open between stakeholders and scientists furthers its reach. With the introduction of Health People 2020, and their initiative to achieve health equality there has been conduction and decimation of vast amounts of translational research (Tucker, et.al, 2019). There are many health disparities among many different types of people, but with translational research’s multidisciplinary approach, researchers can potentially help to inform interventions and eliminate health disparities (Tucker, et.al, 2019). Translational research within genomes is interesting, according to Pasipoularides (2017) they are now attempting to approach medicine the way Hippocrates initially envisioned, by treating the underlying etiology of disease and not symptom based like is often done today. By conducting translational research, they are hoping to be able to take a bit of peripheral blood and sequence a customized treatment to your disease processes (Pasipoularides, 2017). With normal medication management of cardiac disease processes, they are only seeing 50-75% of patients with the desired outcome (Pasipoularides, 2017). With this research they can end the one size fits all approach that medicine has come to know (Pasipoularides, 2017). I think that with the translational research attempting to reach these results would be amazing in all areas, I know that they are really focusing on cardiac patients, but the application could really be phenomenal.
DQ Consider ecological and global issues, social determinants of health, principles of genetics, and genomics
Schlesinger, W. H. (2010, August 6). Translational Ecology. Science. https://science.sciencemag.org/content/329/5992/609
Tucker, C. M., Kang, S., & Williams, J. L. (2019). Translational research to reduce health disparities and promote health equity. Translational Issues in Psychological Science, 5(4), 297-301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/tps0000215
Pasipoularides A. (2017). Genomic translational research: Paving the way to individualized cardiac functional analyses and personalized cardiology. International journal of cardiology, 230, 384–401. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.12.097
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Health and illness follow a social gradient, making social, environmental, and economic circumstances lead to health inequities, often across generations (World Health Organization [WHO], n.d.). Health equity puts people first, allocating resources so that those with
DQ Consider ecological and global issues, social determinants of health, principles of genetics, and genomics
fewer resources and those that face exclusion and discrimination see improvements in their health and living conditions. Inequities such as where people live, grow up, learn, and work leads to certain groups having poorer quality housing, education, fewer employment opportunities, and less access to clean air and water, food security, and health care. Transcultural research will take the information learned to close the gap between health inequities, advancing healthy living conditions for all social groups. By combining evidence and knowledge to understand more, health inequities are avoidable and preventable. Health inequities lag the economic and social development of communities and countries (Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion [ODPHP], 2021). With the rapidly advancing genomics, the aim is to promote health and treat disease, considering individual differences in people’s genes, environments, and lifestyles, using the benefits of genetic tests and family history to guide clinical and public health interventions. Translational research is a never-ending loop of research and translations, allowing us to understand science, putting practical applications in place to enhance human health and well-being (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], 2018).
DQ Consider ecological and global issues, social determinants of health, principles of genetics, and genomics
Resources
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2018, May 1). Translation research. https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/translationresearch/default.html.
Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (2021, June 23). Genomics. https://www.healthypeople.gov/2020/topics-objectives/topic/genomics.
World Health Organization. (n.d.). Social determinants of health to advance equity. https://www.who.int/publications/m/item/social-determinants-of-health-to-advance-equity
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Population health is determined by ecological, global, and social determinants and factors such as nutrition, genetics, lifestyle, environment, and socioeconomic factors. However, the two key determinants of population health are nutrition and lifestyle (Olshansky, 2017). As a crucial determinant of health, nutrition is perceived in three dimensions: person, family, and community. In rural settings, nutrition is a significant challenge that affects population health as people have limited access to healthy foods. As a result, they are likely to experience calorie deficiency, protein malnutrition, premature deaths, low birth weights, and other issues. Although people have access to healthy foods in the urban regions, they face lifestyle challenges such as less physical activity and obesity due to junk foods (Olshansky, 2017). Environmental pollution influences population health, although the impact is more intensified in rural communities. People in rural regions are more exposed to hygiene, agrochemicals, and insecticides, while those in urban areas are more vulnerable to air and water pollution but are less affected. Health disparity resulting from inequality in household income, gender, and education is another socioeconomic determinant that affects population health (Olshansky, 2017).
The principle of genetics and genomics has also affected population health. For instance, genetic risks can influence the rate of morbidity of a particular disease, such as cancer. Available literature shows that diseases like cancer, Alzheimer’s disease, leukemia, and many others have been associated with genetic risks (Baird, 2017). To properly understand how ecological and global issues, social determinants of health, principles of genetics, and genomes affect population health, the application of translational research is necessary. The reason is that translational research involves four steps in which an issue can be researched, possible interventions examined, and the impact of these recommendations on population health assessed.
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