NRS 428 Topic 1 DQ 1 Discuss how geopolitical and phenomenological place influence the context of a population
NRS 428 Topic 1 DQ 1
Discuss how geopolitical and phenomenological place influence the context of a population or community assessment and intervention. Describe how the nursing process is utilized to assist in identifying health issues (local or global in nature) and in creating an appropriate intervention, including screenings, referrals, resources and spiritual support for the community or population. Describe how community resources can aid in the implementation process of an intervention. How could the Christian worldview influence one’s perspective of human value and dignity in an intervention?
Geopolitical and phenomenological place influence a population because these terms specify characteristics that aid nurses to properly intervene and anticipate needs. By using these tools, it can provide a more thorough assessment of the community. Environmental health refers to the influence of environmental conditions on a population. Environmental health can effect the risk for the development of disease or injury. Nurses use data about genetics, family illnesses, the environment, and lifestyle to identify patterns of disease and to prevent and treat disease. Identifying factors that affect health enables the nurse to positively affect health on individual, family, and community levels. The nursing process is a systematic guide to patient centered care that includes the steps of assessment, diagnosis, planning, implementation, and evaluation. Assessment is the first step which can involve data collection and critical thinking skills. The diagnosis is found by employing clinical judgment. Implementation and evaluation are the last steps which include making an effort for change and evaluating that change if it has been successful or not (Toney-Butler & Thayer, 2023).
Through this process, it is an systematic way of making change in community lives. The idea is to get people healthier with resources and education. Community resources can make a big impact on those in the community. These can be mobile clinic trucks that deliver vaccines to those in the community. For example, Adventist Health created a Children’s Mobile Immunization Program to provide free immunizations to Kern County children who are medically uninsured or insured through Medi-Cal. Each year they provide 16,500 vaccinations to local children under age 18. They also offer complimentary flu shots for parents during flu season (Adventist Health Bakersfield, 2023). This was made possible because influential members saw a community need. Children were not getting their vaccines due to health insurance issues, the wait at the doctors, and cost. There are no appointments necessary for this resource and they are parked in many convenient locations around the community. The Christian worldview influences intervention because it values health and compassion for others. Resources like mobile clinics align with Christian values because the community benefits from it without it costing them.
Reference
Toney-Butler, T., Thayer, J. (2023). Nursing Process. StatPearls Publishing. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK499937/
Adventist Health Bakersfield. (2023). Children’s Immunizations in Bakersfield. Adventist Health. https://www.adventisthealth.org/bakersfield/services/adventist-health-physicians-network/mobile-health-program/children-s-mobile-immunization-program-cmip-/
The geopolitical community is the geographic or geopolitical area or place, transport system, climate, animals(Green, 2018). The geopolitical communities are formed by natural or man-made boundaries, A river a mountain range or a valley can create a natural limit. The limits made by man can be structural, political, or legal, Streets, bridges or railways can create structural limits. The city, county or state lines create legal limits and political boundaries can be exemplified by the congressional or school districts. A phenomenological community can be considered as an assembly of individuals who share the same points of view, values, relationships, interests, beliefs, and objectives. Geographic boundaries do not necessarily have to be shared in a phenomenological community, religious, cultural, and social groups are excellent examples of phenomenological communities because their values and beliefs differentiate them from other groups. we all live in a geopolitical community and most of us are part of many phenomenological communities.
Public health nurses have to face certain challenges while working with different communities. One of the main problems is the language and the cultural barrier. The public health nurse works in collaboration with other
professionals. To overcome the challenges, some of the best practices to ensure continued competencies
include peer review, reflective practice, goal setting, self-assessment obtaining knowledge from different
cultures and practices. According to Minority Nurse (2018), a phenomenological place can help nurses assess
human experiences and use the information to support populations in exercising control over their health and
wellbeing. The nursing process requires a rigorous assessment of the population’s geopolitical and phenomenological factors. This assessment helps identify factors or features that may, directly and indirectly, affect the population’s health. A nurse can use the same information to carry out phenomenological and ethnographic studies to understand a community or population’s health. The demographics and geopolitical factors can determine how to conduct health behavior and develop policies that deal with forgone medical care.
References
Community and public Health: (Green, S, 2019) The future of Health Care. Populations as Clients
https://lc.gcmedia.com/nrs428vn/community-and-public-health-the-future-of-healthcare/v1.1/#chapter/1
Minority Nurse. (2018). The influence of phenomenology on nursing research. Https://minority nurse.com/
the-influence-of-phenomenology-on-nursing-research/.
The geopolitical community may be considered a geographical area or place with geopolitical significance (Moisio, 2019). The practice of community study is now gaining traction in academic circles. The geopolitical community is characterized by its boundaries, whether natural or imposed by people. Rivers, mountain ranges, and valleys may all function as natural boundaries. A geopolitical place influences the context of a population in that artificial limits might have different structural, political, or legal characteristics. Highways, bridges, and trains may all impose structural restrictions. Municipalities, counties, and states are often used as delineation sites for legal boundaries. Congressional districts and school districts are two types of political boundaries.
A phenomenological community may be seen as a collection of people who share various characteristics, such as relationships, values, interests, goals, and points of view (Gan et al., 2021). It is not required for members of a phenomenological community to live within the exact geographical boundaries for the community to exist. Religious, cultural, and social groupings are examples of phenomenological communities because their values and beliefs distinguish them from other communities and thus influence the context of a population. We all belong to a range of phenomenological communities in addition to the geopolitical community in which we all live.
Since nursing process encompasses the proper execution of a well-organized set of actions aimed at obtaining the highest degree of health feasible for individuals, it is utilized to help diagnose potential health concerns. The most critical steps in the nursing process are assessment, diagnosis, planning, execution, and evaluation of the plan. Data on the current condition of community members’ health are obtained and assessed as part of an evaluation. The process aids in identifying anticipated or current needs and assets, which may serve as the basis for future action plans or interventions.
References
Gan, D. R., Fung, J. C., & Cho, I. S. (2021). Neighborhood atmosphere modifies the eudaimonic impact of cohesion and friendship among older adults: A multilevel mixed-methods study. Social Science & Medicine, 270, 113682.
Moisio, S. (2019). Re‐thinking geoeconomics: Towards a political geography of economic geographies. Geography Compass, 13(10), e12466.
The phenomenological and geopolitical location of a population affects the context of the community thus necessitating varied assessments and interventions. The geographical boundaries that define the distinction of a community affect population health due to the policies and laws within the jurisdiction (Gomez, 2021). For instance, in the United States, there are varying laws that govern controlled substances and the ability to purchase some medication is dependent on the state. The geographical location also influences the type of diseases and health concerns for the community due to differences in the natural, social, and built environment. For example, people living in the tropics may be concerned about malaria and people living in towns may be more prone to diseases associated with poor sanitation. The phenomenological qualities associated with a population affect community health since cultural, social and spiritual patterns have an impact on health habits of a population (Gomez, 2021). Therefore, it is essential to consider the origin of individuals to ensure that appropriate assessment and interventions are recommended.
The nursing process is used to assess, diagnose, plan for care, implement the treatment and evaluate a patient. The process is conscious of the impact of the phenomenological factors that impact wellness thus assessment would include accepting cultural healing practices such as coining an moxibustion which could be mistaken for abuse among children and the elderly (Fregonese & Laketa, 2022). The plan of care for patients from varying geopolitical areas should also account for differences. For instance, a patient from a disease prone region will be screened for the disease more often and vaccines and prophylaxis given to prevent the illness. Cultural congruent care can help minimize the impact of geopolitical and phenomenological differences within populations.
References
Fregonese, S., & Laketa, S. (2022). Urban atmospheres of terror. Political Geography, 96, 102569.
Gómez, E. J. (2021). Geopolitics, Disease, and Inequalities in Emerging Economies. Global Health, 221-229.
Geopolitical communities are defined by man-made or natural boundaries. These boundaries include bodies of water, roads, mountains, and valleys. A phenomenological community is defined by the people themselves. This type of community, phenomenological, is one that defines itself by the values, customs, beliefs, religions, and/or interests of the members who make up the community (Green, 2018). The nursing process in any setting is used to assess, diagnose, plan, implement, evaluate and re-evaluate. The nursing process is beneficial for use in assessing individuals, families, groups, and local and global communities. Public Health Nurses (PHNs) investigate, identify, monitor, and diagnose health threats within the community. Maps such as geographic informational systems (GIS) are utilized by PHNs to help provide a better assessment and understanding of the community and to identify areas of high risk (Green, 2018).
Health education is a vital part of the nursing profession and services performed by PHNs. Health education empowers people with the knowledge and autonomy needed for self-care, age-appropriate screenings, vaccines, and necessary referrals. PHNs utilize the nursing process, to achieve culturally appropriate healthcare plans with an overall goal of improving the health and wellness of the community. PHNs help the public understand how to achieve healthier lives through education aimed at safety awareness, the promotion of health, and the prevention of disease. Education is provided not only to the private sector, but the community at large including schools, businesses, governmental agencies, and organizations within the community (ANA, n.d.). The nursing process in community health education outlines a process to assess the knowledge and needs of the people, form a diagnosis based on the information gathered, develop outcome planning, implement the actions of the plan(s) developed, and evaluate and re-evaluate the effectiveness within the community. PHNs are able to provide resources and tools to achieve healthier lives and maintain wellness through proper health education, proper nutrition, and programs aimed at decreasing health disparities and increasing equality within the community.
Reference:
ANA. (n.d.). Public health nursing. Retrieved June 24, 2022, from https://www.nursingworld.org/practice-policy/workforce/public-health-nursing/
Green, S. (2018). Populations as clients. In Grand Canyon University (Ed.). Community & public health: The future of health care. (1st ed.). https://lc.gcumedia.com/nrs427vn/community-and-public-health-the-future-of-health-care/v1.1/#/chapter/1
Geopolitical and phenomenological place influence on the the context of population or community assessment and intervention in various ways. A community can be defined by one of two designations, phenomenological (relational) or geological(spatial). A geographic community is a community with defined jurisdictional boundaries. These communities could be rural, town or city. On the other hand phenomenological define a group of people with shared or like-minded relationships, beliefs, goals and interests(Leipert,2022). They might not share the same geographic boundaries as geographic communities. These communities can be social groups or religious groups. These people may have a group perspective that differentiates them from other groups on matters including culture, values, beliefs, characteristics, and goals. Everyone lives in a geographic community and we belong to a phenomenological group. The main challenge faced by public health nurses are issues to do with cultural and language barriers. Some of the practices that can help overcome these challenges include reflective practice and obtaining knowledge of different cultures and practices. Nurses should also self-evaluate and ensure that their personal beliefs do not interfere with the nursing process.
The nursing process is utilized to assist in identifying health issues because it involves the appropriate application of a systematic series of actions that aim at ensuring that individuals achieve their optimal level of health. The main steps in the nursing process includes assessment, diagnosis, planning, implementation and evaluation. Assessment refers to the collection and evaluation of information regarding the status of health in the community (Rector & Stanley, 2021). It is the basis for discovery of potential or existing needs of a community.
ALSO READ: NRS 428 Topic 2 DQ 1 What are social determinants of health?
references
Leipert, B.D. (2022), The Value of Community Health Nursing: A Phenomenological Study of the Perceptions of Community Health Nurses. Public Health Nursing, 13: 50-57. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1525-1446.1996.tb00218.x
Stanley, M. J., Rector, C. (2021). Community and Public Health Nursing. United Kingdom: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
Nursing involves the provision of primary care as well as educating patients on self-carepractices that reduce the risk of diseases and improve their livelihoods. The geopolitical and phenomenological environment determine the prevalence of medical conditions and the assessment of quality services (Brown et al., 2019). The assessment of a community entails the identification of the location, transportation infrastructure, geographical features such as vegetation, rivers, and mountains, and other environmental factors that affect the quality of life in an area. The phenomenological place involves the education, history, economics, spiritual beliefs, and values that a community holds towards medication (Quinn, Cook & Rowland, 2019). A nurse needs to identify the health needs of the population, plan interventions and evaluate the outcome. Gathering data enables the nurse to determine the health status of the community and prioritize their needs.
It is of paramount importance to note that during the delivery of care, patient involvement is necessary so that their preferences can be determined as well as their level of education which helps in assessing their understanding of the medical instructions involved. Due to short staffing, nurses are forced to work in areas in which such barriers as language and religious beliefs affect the administration of care (Amiri & Zhao, 2019). Evidence-based care is effective in promoting health but nurses need to ensure that the intervention that they choose for a certain population does not necessarily give similar results to those that have been realized from a different community. This, therefore, implies that the findings should be tailored to suit the health needs of the community for efficacy and improved patient outcomes. Patient engagement thus assists in allowing both nurses and patients to make informed decisions concerning health issues and consequently enables them to promote quality health.
References:
Amiri, A., & Zhao, S. (2019, April). Working with an environmental justice community: Nurse observation, assessment, and intervention. In Nursing Forum (Vol. 54, No. 2, pp. 270- 279).
Brown, A. F., Ma, G. X., Miranda, J., Eng, E., Castille, D., Brockie, T., … & Trinh-Shevrin, C. (2019). Structural interventions to reduce and eliminate health disparities. American journal of public health, 109(S1), S72-S78.
Quinn, E. D., Cook, A., & Rowland, C. (2019). An online community of practice to improve intervention for individuals with complex communication needs. Augmentative and Alternative Communication, 35(2), 142-147.
Community is defined as “a collection of people who interact with one another and whose common interests or characteristics form the basis for a sense of unity or belonging” (Allender, Rector, and Warner, 2013). Maurer and Smith (2013) further addressed the concept of community and identified three defining attributes: people, place, and social interaction or common characteristics, interests, or goals. They noted that there are two main types of communities: geopolitical communities and phenomenological communities. Geopolitical communities are those most traditionally recognized or imagined when the term community is considered. Geopolitical communities are defined or formed by natural and/or manmade boundaries and include cities, counties, states, and nations. Individuals in a geopolitical community know each other personally through work or places they live in (Persaud et al. 2018). A geopolitical view of community focuses the nurse’s attention on the environment, housing, transportation, education, and political process subsystems. All of these elements are related to geographical locations as well as to the population composition and distribution, health services, and resources and facilities. Phenomenological communities, on the other hand, refer to relational, interactive groups. In phenomenological communities, the place or setting is more abstract, and people share a group perspective or identity based on culture, values, history, interests, and goals for instance, schools, churches, and various groups and organizations such as social networks (Maurer and Smith, 2013). The purpose of community assessment is to identify a need or problem in a community, review the resources available and gather relevant data, the nurse’s full knowledge of the community’s composition will assist in knowing areas that needs attention.
Assessment, the first step of the nursing process, forms the foundation for determining the health needs of the community. Nurses gather information by using their senses, as well as their cognition, past experiences, and specific tools. These data are analyzed to make diagnoses about the community’s health status and allow the nurse to answer the question, “How healthy is this community, or what are its strengths, problems, and concerns? The assessment process affords nurses the opportunity to experience what it is like to be in the community, to get to know its people and their strengths and problems, and to work with them in planning and implementing programs to meet their unique needs. Just as all individuals and families are different, communities, too, are different. To understand this, nurses must get to know the community, its people, its purpose, and how it functions. All these gear towards prompt interventions on the areas the community needs help and for proper referral to the right channel.
References
Allender, J., Rector, C., Rector, C., & Warner, K. (2013). Community & public health nursing: Promoting the public’s health. lippincott williams & wilkins
Maurer F.A, Smith C.M.(2013) Community/public health nursing practice: health for families and populations. ed 5. St. Louis: Elsevier;
Persaud, A., Bhat, P. S., Ventriglio, A., & Bhugra, D. (2018). Geopolitical determinants of health. Industrial psychiatry journal, 27(2), 308–310. https://doi.org/10.4103/ipj.ipj_71_18
Geopolitical place refers to a community’s geographic features, boundaries, transportation systems, wildlife, vegetation, and developmental structures. Phenomenological place refers to a community’s history, culture, beliefs, education, and economics. All of these factors can affect the overall health and wellness of a community (Green).
For example, a mining town will have geopolitical factors which influence the health and wellness of the community such as:
- safety risks associated with working within a mine
- air quality affected by the mining activity
- geographical factors about the mine and surrounding area
A mining town will also have phenomenological factors influencing the health and wellness of the community such as:
- increased percent of the population with a trade school education level due to the number of mining jobs held by community members
- common values and goals due to similar family histories, some of which may affect health behaviors
- similar religious beliefs affecting health care choices
Community health nurses must assess both geopolitical and phenomenological place and the factors which will affect the community’s health and wellness, and then plan appropriate interventions that will benefit the community. The nurse can use the nursing process to accomplish this.
During the assessment phase, the nurse can research the community’s history for safety and health information. This information can be obtained by using both primary and secondary data sources. Primary data sources include the nurse’s own observation of the community – social interactions, geopolitical and phenomenological places, and reviewing health information systems. Secondary data sources include various data retrieval tools, community records, and through learning about the community’s history from the community’s stakeholders and various organizations. Once the nurse has analyzed the data obtained from the assessment, prioritized the applied nursing diagnoses, and chosen the desired outcomes, the nurse can establish or implement the plan to achieve the desired outcomes by using strategic interventions. These interventions may include health screenings, health education classes, referrals, physical activity programs, etc. The interventions should be applicable to the target population and the available resources (Green). According to one study published by Research and Theory for Nursing Practice, evidence-based practices and interventions for the community health nursing field have hardly been defined and established. This is an area of nursing that needs to be expanded upon. Whenever possible the community health nurse should reference evidence-based practice for interventions used in similar health promotion projects to ensure they are using best practices (Im & Kong, 2017).
References
Green, S. Z. (n.d.). Chapter 1 Populations as Clients. In Community and Public Health: The Future of Health Care. essay. Retrieved June 22, 2022, from https://lc.gcumedia.com/nrs427vn/community-and-public-health-the-future-of-health-care/v1.1/#/chapter/1.
Im, E.-O., & Kong, E.-H. (2017). What is the status quo of evidence-based Community Health Nursing? Research and Theory for Nursing Practice, 31(2), 156–178. https://doi.org/10.1891/1541-6577.31.2.156
The responsibility of community nurses is to improve the health status of group of people in a given geographical environment, ensuring safety, reducing illness and disease, and lowering the mortality rate in the community. The American Public Health Association (APHA) defines public health nursing as “the practice of promoting and protecting the health of populations using knowledge from nursing, social, and public health sciences” (American Public Health Association [APHA], 2013, p. 2).
The role of community health nurse is to provide care, treatment, health educational teachings and advocacy to improve the overall well-being and wellness of community individuals and family. The primary function of a nurse in the partnership with the community stakeholders is to guide and advise them on the healthy practice that can promote a healthy living of the community (Eldredge et al., 2015).
Application of all levels of health promotion (primary prevention, secondary, and tertiary levels) is very essential. Motivational and recreational health activities should be employed to promote lifestyle that encourages health maintenance/improvement and using tools and resources to facilitate community participation of stakeholders. Nurses must assume so many different roles in the community in other to be able to achieve effective health promotion. Applying evidenced-base, critical thinking skills, nursing knowledge, experience, and skills of cultural, religious, beliefs, norms, and habits awareness to peculiar sensitive issues faced by the community members to plan, implement, and evaluate care and address health problems is very important.
References:
Eldredge, L. K. B., Markham, C. M., Ruiter, R. A., Kok, G., Fernandez, M. E., & Parcel, G. S. (2016). Planning health promotion programs: an intervention mapping approach. John Wiley & Sons.
Green, S. Z. (2018). Community & Public Health: The Future of Health Care. Grand Canyon University. https://lc.gcumedia.com/nrs427vn/community-and-public-health-the-future-of-health-care/v1.1/#/chapter/
Kulbok, P., Thatcher, E., Park, E., &Meszaros, P. (2012). Evolving Public Health Nursing Roles: Focus on Community Participatory Health Promotion and Prevention. OJIN: The Online Journal of Issues in Nursing, 17(2). https://doi.org/10.3912/ojin.vol17no02man01
Baciu, A. (2017). Partners in Promoting Health Equity in Communities – NCBI. Retrieved from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov