NURS 6501 Module 1 Assignment: Case Study Analysis
Walden University NURS 6501 Module 1 Assignment: Case Study Analysis-Step-By-Step Guide
This guide will demonstrate how to complete the Walden University NURS 6501 Module 1 Assignment: Case Study Analysis assignment based on general principles of academic writing. Here, we will show you the A, B, Cs of completing an academic paper, irrespective of the instructions. After guiding you through what to do, the guide will leave one or two sample essays at the end to highlight the various sections discussed below.
How to Research and Prepare for NURS 6501 Module 1 Assignment: Case Study Analysis
Whether one passes or fails an academic assignment such as the Walden University NURS 6501 Module 1 Assignment: Case Study Analysis depends on the preparation done beforehand. The first thing to do once you receive an assignment is to quickly skim through the requirements. Once that is done, start going through the instructions one by one to clearly understand what the instructor wants. The most important thing here is to understand the required format—whether it is APA, MLA, Chicago, etc.
After understanding the requirements of the paper, the next phase is to gather relevant materials. The first place to start the research process is the weekly resources. Go through the resources provided in the instructions to determine which ones fit the assignment. After reviewing the provided resources, use the university library to search for additional resources. After gathering sufficient and necessary resources, you are now ready to start drafting your paper.
How to Write the Introduction for NURS 6501 Module 1 Assignment: Case Study Analysis
The introduction for the Walden University NURS 6501 Module 1 Assignment: Case Study Analysis is where you tell the instructor what your paper will encompass. In three to four statements, highlight the important points that will form the basis of your paper. Here, you can include statistics to show the importance of the topic you will be discussing. At the end of the introduction, write a clear purpose statement outlining what exactly will be contained in the paper. This statement will start with “The purpose of this paper…” and then proceed to outline the various sections of the instructions.
How to Write the Body for NURS 6501 Module 1 Assignment: Case Study Analysis
After the introduction, move into the main part of the NURS 6501 Module 1 Assignment: Case Study Analysis assignment, which is the body. Given that the paper you will be writing is not experimental, the way you organize the headings and subheadings of your paper is critically important. In some cases, you might have to use more subheadings to properly organize the assignment. The organization will depend on the rubric provided. Carefully examine the rubric, as it will contain all the detailed requirements of the assignment. Sometimes, the rubric will have information that the normal instructions lack.
Another important factor to consider at this point is how to do citations. In-text citations are fundamental as they support the arguments and points you make in the paper. At this point, the resources gathered at the beginning will come in handy. Integrating the ideas of the authors with your own will ensure that you produce a comprehensive paper. Also, follow the given citation format. In most cases, APA 7 is the preferred format for nursing assignments.
How to Write the Conclusion for NURS 6501 Module 1 Assignment: Case Study Analysis
After completing the main sections, write the conclusion of your paper. The conclusion is a summary of the main points you made in your paper. However, you need to rewrite the points and not simply copy and paste them. By restating the points from each subheading, you will provide a nuanced overview of the assignment to the reader.
How to Format the References List for NURS 6501 Module 1 Assignment: Case Study Analysis
The very last part of your paper involves listing the sources used in your paper. These sources should be listed in alphabetical order and double-spaced. Additionally, use a hanging indent for each source that appears in this list. Lastly, only the sources cited within the body of the paper should appear here.
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Sample Answer for NURS 6501 Module 1 Assignment: Case Study Analysis
Background
Invasive Aspergillosis is a leading cause of death among patients with chronic and immune-suppressing diseases like rheumatoid. The disease is mainly caused by the opportunistic mold Aspergillus fumigatus, which is majorly pathogenic and airborne (Challa, 2018). Once inhaled, the pathogens are deposited in the alveolar and bronchioles of the lungs. The infection spreads more rapidly from the lungs to other organs like the brain, kidney, and heart, causing further infection. Delayed diagnosis of the disease impairs its successful treatment. Diagnosis of the disease is based on histological and cultural examination of the spores in tissues. Other methods of diagnosis like detection of components of Aspergillus like galactomannan (GM), DNA, and 1,3- β-D-glucan are being pursued to enable timely diagnosis of the disease for proper management. The purpose of this paper is to present an effective disease analysis of Aspergillosis as presented by the 49-year old patient and determine factors that may affect the progression of the disease in the patient.
Symptoms
In cases of neutropenia and immune suppression, the immune system is compromised, hence the body lacks defense, predisposing patients to opportunistic pathogens. Symptoms of Aspergillosis in patients include fever, coughing, dyspnea, pleuric chest pains, and hemoptysis in severe cases. Other symptoms of the disease may occur if the disease spreads to other organs. Rapidly progressive hypoxemia can also occur in severe diseases. Risk factors for developing Aspergillosis include bone marrow transfers, occurring either at the initial stages of prolonged neutropenia before engraftment or after graft following administration of corticosteroids in the management of graft-host adverse reactions.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of the disease is based on demonstration of the mold spores on tissues after Gomori methenamine silver staining (GMS). Affected tissues have numerous spores and hyphae characteristic of aspergillus mold. Positive cultures obtained from sputum, needle biopsy, and bronchoalveolar fluid can be used as diagnostic tests (Jenks & Hoenigl, 2020). Clinical signs of the disease like fever and chest pains associated with coughing are used to classify the disease.
Genes that May Be Associated with the Development of Invasive Aspergillosis
Susceptibility markers for Invasive Aspergillosis are mainly found in the genes and are widely used in signaling the activation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NFκB). Current studies show that a growing number of well-defined simple nucleotide polymorphisms in genes determine the susceptibility of patients to Aspergillosis. Genes encoding for cytokines or chemokines and their respective receptors, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in toll-like receptor genes, and other genes of inmate immunity like C-type lectins have been associated with the disease. The cells act as pathogen recognition receptors, leading to activation of the NFkB pathway, and can increase the risk of contracting the disease. In high-risk populations, the presence of the common genetic polymorphisms found in NFκB1, NFκB2, RelA, RelB, Rel, and IRF4 genes increase the susceptibility of the disease ( Lupiañez et al., 2016).
The Process of Immunosuppression and the Effect it has on Body Systems
Immunosuppression refers to the process of weakening the activity of the immune system. Induced immunosuppression is the process of deliberately reducing the activity of the immune system by administration of drugs such as azathioprine, corticosteroids, and cyclosporine to patients mainly following graft transplant to reduce graft rejection by the host. In some disease processes like Glioma, Glioma cells start the immunosuppressive network that impairs the activity of the effector cell and decreases the efficiency of any therapeutic measures to restore normal immunity (Mangani et al., 2017). Immunosuppression can also occur following an adverse reaction in disease treatment. The whole process reduces the efficiency of the immune system in fighting diseases, making the patient more susceptible to infections.
References
Challa, S. (2018). Pathogenesis and pathology of invasive aspergillosis. Current Fungal Infection Reports, 12(1), 23-32. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12281-018-0310-4
Jenks, J. D., & Hoenigl, M. (2020). Point-of-care diagnostics for invasive aspergillosis: Nearing the finish line. Expert Review of Molecular Diagnostics, 20(10), 1009-1017. https://doi.org/10.1111/myc.12881
Lupiañez, C. B., Villaescusa, M. T., Carvalho, A., Springer, J., Lackner, M., Sánchez-Maldonado, J. M., … & PCRAGA Study Group. (2016). Common genetic polymorphisms within NFκB-related genes and the risk of developing invasive aspergillosis. Frontiers in microbiology, 7, 1243. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2016.01243
Mangani, D., Weller, M., & Roth, P. (2017). The network of immunosuppressive pathways in glioblastoma. Biochemical pharmacology, 130, 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bcp.2016.12.011
Sample Answer 2 for NURS 6501 Module 1 Assignment: Case Study Analysis
One of the most useful components of patient care is a correct diagnosis which leads to offering a patient the correct treatment. Central to correct diagnosis and treatment is an understanding of the cell, and cell behavior as come conditions may have various circumstances and factors affecting their onset, hence making them more complex (Karaca & Aslan, 2018). Therefore, understanding the cells and cell behavior needs to be integrated with ethnic and racial variables, patient characteristics, environment, and genes. This week’s assignment deals with a patient cases study where the symptoms presented by the patient will be analyzed using various discussion questions.
Why the Patient Presented With the Symptoms
The patient has presented with various symptoms such as fevers, constipation, and crampy left lower quadrant pain. After refusing colonoscopy for some time, the patient eventually went for one, which revealed a positive test for adenocarcinoma of the colon. Even though the patient went for colonoscopy after resolution of the acute diverticulitis, the symptoms presented at the clinic point to a recurring case of acute diverticulitis. The patient has the three most common symptoms of diverticulitis (fever, constipation, and pain in the lower left quadrant). The condition is more an individual’s lifetime and therefore could be troubling the patient. The patient also eats a diet lacking in fiber and is obese, which are all factors leading to the development of the condition.
Genes That May Be Associated With the Development of the Condition
According to Strate & Morris (2019), diverticulitis may result from a complex interaction of gut microbiome, genetics, medications, lifestyle factors, and diet. Even though it has been agreed that genetics play a substantial role in the development of the condition, only a few genes have been implicated. However, a recent study reported that one of the genes that can be implicated in the development of diverticulitis is the laminin β 4 gene (LAMB4) (Coble et al.,2017). Prior to the findings regarding LAMB4, the Tumor necrosis factor superfamily member 15 (TNFSF15) gene was also found to be associated with the development of diverticulitis.
The Process of Immunosuppression and the Effect It Has On Body Systems
Immunosuppression refers to reduced immune system activation. While some parts of the immune system may possess immunosuppressive effects, immunosuppression can be also be induced (Xe, 2020). The process can be induced by the administration of medications belonging to the class of antidepressants, in some cases to allow organ transplant or bone marrow transplant to prevent a possible rejection. The process of immunosuppression may come from the blockage of intracellular pathways necessary for recognizing antigen or other immune response systems or when the immune effector cells are killed (Xe, 2020). Immunosuppression, especially when persistent, exposes an individual to the risk of cancer, especially virus-connected cancers. The effects of immunosuppression induced by ultraviolet ratio or ionizing or pharmaceutical drugs depend on the dosage or the intensity used as higher dosage or intensity lead to enhanced effects on the body systems (Xe, 2020). Even though not common, immunosuppression induced for an organ transplant can lead to metastatic tumor cells or occult tumors within the organs or tissues. The occult metastatic melanoma is dangerous for the individual receiving the transplanted organ and tissue.
Conclusion
In conclusion, as an APRN, it is important to understand effective patient diagnosis for effective treatment. It allows careful analysis of symptoms to come up with the best management strategy. This write-up has explored a case study of a patient presenting with various symptoms. After an analysis, it was noted that the symptoms could be coming from recurring diverticulitis.
References
Coble, J. L., Sheldon, K. E., Yue, F., Salameh, T. J., Harris, III, L. R., Deiling, S., … & Broach, J. R. (2017). Identification of a rare LAMB4 variant associated with familial diverticulitis through exome sequencing. Human molecular genetics, 26(16), 3212-3220. https://doi.org/10.1093/hmg/ddx204.
Karaca, T., & Aslan, S. (2018). Effect of ‘nursing terminologies and classifications’ course on nursing students’ perception of nursing diagnosis. Nurse education today, 67, 114-117. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2018.05.011
Strate, L. L., & Morris, A. M. (2019). Epidemiology, pathophysiology, and treatment of diverticulitis. Gastroenterology, 156(5), 1282-1298. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2018.12.033.
He, X. (Ed.). (2020). Immunosuppression. BoD–Books on Demand.
Case Study Analysis
An understanding of cells and cell behavior is a critically important component of disease diagnosis and treatment. But some diseases can be complex in nature, with a variety of factors and circumstances impacting their emergence and severity.
Effective disease analysis often requires an understanding that goes beyond isolated cell behavior. Genes, the environments in which cell processes operate, the impact of patient characteristics, and racial and ethnic variables all can have an important impact.
An understanding of the signals and symptoms of alterations in cellular processes is a critical step in the diagnosis and treatment of many diseases. For APRNs, this understanding can also help educate patients and guide them through their treatment plans.
In this Assignment, you examine a case study and analyze the symptoms presented. You identify cell, gene, and/or process elements that may be factors in the diagnosis, and you explain the implications to patient health.
Also Read:
NURS 6501 Advanced Pathophysiology Week 1 Discussion
NURS 6501 side effects of the transplant procedure and the medications administered Assignment
NURS 6501 Musculoskeletal, metabolic, and multisystem health dysfunctions
NURS 6501 Syndrome of Antidiuretic Hormone (SIADH)
NURS 6501 Explain what ALL is?
NURS 6501 Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
NURS 6501 Immune Thrombocytopenia Purpura (ITP) Pathophysiology
Resources
Be sure to review the Learning Resources before completing this activity.
Click the weekly resources link to access the resources.
WEEKLY RESOURCES
To prepare:
By Day 1 of this week, you will be assigned to a specific case study for this Case Study Assignment. Please see the “Announcements” section of the classroom for your assignment from your Instructor.
The Assignment
Develop a 1- to 2-page case study analysis in which you:
- Explain why you think the patient presented the symptoms described.
- Identify the genes that may be associated with the development of the disease.
- Explain the process of immunosuppression and the effect it has on body systems.
By Day 7 of Week 2
Submit your Case Study Analysis Assignment by Day 7 of Week 2.
Reminder: The College of Nursing requires that all papers submitted include a title page, introduction, summary, and references. The sample paper provided at the Walden Writing Center provides an example of those required elements (available at https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/writingcenter/templates
Links to an external site.). All papers submitted must use this formatting.
submission information
Before submitting your final assignment, you can check your draft for authenticity. To check your draft, access the Turnitin Drafts from the Start Here area.
- To submit your completed assignment, save your Assignment as MD1Assgn_LastName_Firstinitial
- Then, click on Start Assignment near the top of the page.
- Next, click on Upload File and select Submit Assignment for review.
Sample Answer 3 for NURS 6501 Module 1 Assignment: Case Study Analysis
Women and men’s health problems have considerable impact on their health, wellbeing, and quality of life (Chhetri et al., 2018; Khalafalla et al., 2019). Nurses and other healthcare providers assess patients to determine the most effective treatments to address their needs. Therefore, this paper explores the health needs of a female patient that presents to the emergency department with a chief complain of fever, nausea, chills, vomiting, and vaginal discharge. She also has lower left quadrant pain and bilateral lower back pain, which started about three days ago.
Factors that Affect Fertility (STDs)
Several factors affect patient’s fertility. One of them as seen in this case study is sexually transmitted infections. Untreated STDs often lead to the development of other complications such as pelvic inflammatory disease, which cause infertility. STDs such as chlamydia and gonorrhea contribute to the highest cases of infertility in the population. Pelvic inflammatory disease can cause scarring of the reproductive tissues, leading to infertility and complications such as ectopic pregnancies (Chhetri et al., 2018; Khalafalla et al., 2019). The additional factors that may affect fertility include weight, alcoholism, vitamin deficiencies, and thyroid disease.
Patient Symptoms
The patient presented to the emergency department with some symptoms. They include complaints of fever, chills, nausea, vomiting, and vaginal discharge, which started about three days ago. She also began having left lower quadrant pain and bilateral lower back pain. She denied foul-smelling urine, dysuria, or frequency. She is married and has sexual intercourse with her husband. Physical assessment findings showed elevated white blood cells, normal hemoglobin, hematocrit, and platelet levels. She has fever with normal cardio-respiratory exam and tachycardia. There is foul smelling green drainage and reddened cervices with bilateral adnexal tenderness. As a result, she is likely to be suffering from a sexually transmitted infection.
Why Inflammatory Markers Rise in STD/PID
Inflammatory markets rise significantly in STD and pelvic inflammatory disease. The rise is largely due to the presence of a bacterial infection in one’s system. The bacterial infection stimulates respiratory response, which includes an elevated release of white blood cells and neutrophils to fight the infection. This phenomenon can be seen in the patient’s lab values such as white blood cells and C-reactive proteins that are elevated. Inflammation also occurs due to the massive release of neutrophils and cytokines in response to the infections (Ravel et al., 2021). The presence of adnexal tenderness shows an elevated inflammatory response to the bacterial infection. CRP levels in the body rise whenever there is an inflammation in the body.
Conclusion
In summary, STDs and pelvic inflammatory disease affect fertility. Lifestyle factors such as obesity also play a role. Inflammatory biomarkers rise significantly with STDs and PIID. Patients are increasingly at risk of prostatitis and need for spleen removal due to these infections. Therefore, interventions to prevent and timely treatment of STDs are important.
References
Chhetri, A., Biswas, S. C., & Gupta, K. (2018). Infection and infertility. Practical Guide in Infertility; Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers: Delhi, India, 107.
Khalafalla, K., Elbardisi, H., & Arafa, M. (2019). Sexually transmitted infection and male infertility. In Male Infertility in Reproductive Medicine (pp. 69–77). CRC Press.
Ravel, J., Moreno, I., & Simón, C. (2021). Bacterial vaginosis and its association with infertility, endometritis, and pelvic inflammatory disease. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 224(3), 251–257.
Sample Answer 4 for NURS 6501 Module 1 Assignment: Case Study Analysis
Cellulitis is a common bacterial skin infection that can spread rapidly if not promptly treated. The infection is primarily caused by Streptococcus and Staphylococcus bacteria (Chew, Kwek, Anicete, & Low, 2022)
. This case study analysis focuses on a 42-year-old male patient presenting with symptoms indicative of cellulitis. The aim is to elucidate the reasons behind the patient’s symptoms, discuss the microbiological elements associated with the disease, and explain the body’s inflammatory response and its systemic effects.
Scenario
A 42-year-old man presents at the clinic complaining of pain, redness, and swelling in his right calf. He reports that he was injured by a string trimmer while working in his yard. He cleaned the wound with garden hose water and covered it with a Band-Aid. Days later, he developed a fever and chills, noticed that his leg was swollen and red, and sought definitive care at the emergency department.
Explain why you think the patient presented the symptoms described
The patient’s symptoms of localized pain, redness, and swelling in conjunction with a fever and chills are indicative of a bacterial infection, likely cellulitis (Brown, 2023). The initial injury with the string trimmer, followed by potentially inadequate wound care, could have introduced bacteria into the skin, causing infection and subsequent inflammation (Long & Gottlieb, 2022).
Identify the bacteria that may be associated with the development of the disease
The most common bacteria associated with cellulitis are Streptococcus and Staphylococcus species. In this case, it’s likely that one of these bacteria, present in the environment, was introduced into the skin through the initial wound and subsequently caused the infection (Mayo Clinic, 2023).
Explain the process of inflammation and the effect it has on body systems
In response to bacterial invasion, the immune system triggers an inflammatory response marked by increased blood flow to the affected area, resulting in redness, heat, and swelling. Fever and chills are systemic signs of this immune response, indicating the body’s attempt to fight off the infection. Prolonged inflammation can affect various body systems and can result in sepsis if the bacteria spread into the bloodstream (Adkins et al., 2023).
Conclusion
Understanding the bacterial pathogenesis and inflammatory responses associated with cellulitis is critical for effective disease management (Rangel et al., 2023). By recognizing these elements and their impact on the patient’s symptoms, healthcare professionals can provide appropriate treatments and preventative measures.
References
Adkins, A. M., Colby, E. M., Kim, W.-K., Wellman, L. L., & Sanford, L. D. (2023). Stressor control and regional inflammatory responses in the brain: regulation by the basolateral amygdala. Journal of Neuroinflammation, 20(1), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12974-023-02813-x
Brown, A. (2023). Differentiating between cellulitis/erysipelas and alternative causes of “red legs.” Journal of Community Nursing, 37(2), 30–37.
Chew, W. C. D., Kwek, J. W. M., Anicete, R., & Low, M.-Y. (2022). Pediatric orbital cellulitis: Case report of an unusual etiology and pathogen. Ear, Nose, & Throat Journal, 1455613211064002. https://doi.org/10.1177/01455613211064002
Long, B., & Gottlieb, M. (2022). Diagnosis and Management of Cellulitis and Abscess in the Emergency Department Setting: An Evidence-Based Review. Journal of Emergency Medicine (0736-4679), 62(1), 16–27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jemermed.2021.09.015
Rangel, T., Pham, S., Senger, B., Daratha, K., Fitzgerald, C., Mallo, R., & Daratha, K. (2023). Pharmacologic Pain Management Trends among Adults Hospitalized with Cellulitis: An Evidence-Based Practice Project. Pain Management Nursing, 24(2), 222–228. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmn.2022.09.003
Rubric
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Develop a 1- to 2-page case study analysis, examining the patient symptoms presented in the case study. Be sure to address the following:Explain why you think the patient presented the symptoms described. |
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Identify the genes that may be associated with the development of the disease. |
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Explain the process of immunosuppression and the effect it has on body systems. |
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Written Expression and Formatting – Paragraph Development and Organization: Paragraphs make clear points that support well-developed ideas, flow logically, and demonstrate continuity of ideas. Sentences are carefully focused—neither long and rambling nor short and lacking substance. A clear and comprehensive purpose statement and introduction are provided that delineate all required criteria. |
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Written Expression and Formatting – English Writing Standards: Correct grammar, mechanics, and proper punctuation |
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Written Expression and Formatting – The paper follows correct APA format for title page, headings, font, spacing, margins, indentations, page numbers, running heads, parenthetical/in-text citations, and reference list. |
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Total Points: 100
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