NURS 8100 Discussion: Health Care Reform SOLUTION
Post a cohesive response that addresses the following:
- Analyze at least one important feature of the U.S. health care system that is of particular interest to you. Explain why you think this feature is significant in terms of health policy and reform.
- Describe one or more conditions or challenges specifically related to the passing of the PPACA. Explain how this exemplifies the nature of the policy-making process, and evaluate how it could relate to the question of why health reform in the United States has been so difficult.
Read a selection of your colleagues’ postings.
Health Care Reform
One important feature of the U.S. health care system that is of interest of the writer is the PPACA Subtitle F – Medicaid Prescription Drug Coverage. This feature is significant in terms of health policy and reform so more patients have affordable drugs for treatment. “The Secretary shall calculate the Federal upper reimbursement limit established under paragraph (4) as no less than 175 percent of the weighted average (determined on the basis of utilization) of the most recently reported monthly average manufacturer prices for pharmaceutically and therapeutically equivalent multiple source drug products that are available for purchase by retail community pharmacies on a nationwide basis. The Secretary shall implement a smoothing process for average manufacturer prices. Such process shall be similar to the smoothing process used in determining the average sales price of a drug or biological under section 1847A’’(“Understanding the Affordable Care Act: About the Law,” n.d.). This is important to the writer because patients on fixed incomes should not have to worry about how they will pay for there life sustaining medications.
In March 2010, the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act was signed and initiated. Reflecting on the evolution of health care in the United States and the overall response to the health care reform efforts was interesting. The principle feature of the U.S. health care system helped the enactment of federal health reform. There were some challenges along the way in this country. “Health policy is an important area for study
, and it’s really relevant to the day-to-day operations of health care organizations because it is what shapes, sort of, the rules of the game”(Kominski & Zelman, 2011). When thinking about how policy is developed and rolled out it isn’t always made at an organizational level, there is usually more people involved. Often times these policies are made at a political level. The overall influence on policy is by setting at a national, state, and local level. Additionally, “It’s hard to change any policy in the United States [not to mention healthcare policy]. The president has some powers, Congress has some, judiciary has some, and then we have state and local government. And they’re also divided up in the same kinds of ways” (Kominski & Zelman, 2011). When discussing the United States Senate it takes a certain amount of votes to move anything to Congress so that Congress can pass it, then the President has to also agree to it and the court does as well. So overall it’s pretty complicated process. Overall our system is doesn’t seem to like change much because it seems very challenging to implement change. I also think it’s challenging because health care is such a personal topic for so many people. So many people have so many different opinions.
References:
Kominski, G., & Zelman, W. (2011). Healthcare policy and advocacy: The policy process. Walden University, LLC.
Understanding the Affordable Care Act: About the law. (n.d.). HealthCare.Gov. http://www.hhs.gov/healthcare/rights/law/index.html
The Affordable Care Act (ACA) was signed into law over 10 years ago and it has remained highly controversial by many law makers since its inception on March 23, 2010. Many law makers have tried to get rid of the ACA but have yet to find a health care system to replace the ACA that works with law makers and the public. Even though people may not like the ACA it has improved the health care system, provided health insurance to the uninsured, provided more prevention program to help improve the overall health of the American people. There was so much resistance to passing the ACA since the President at that time was African American and a Democratic (Silberman, 2020). The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) was passed by a Democratic Congress and signed into law by a Democratic president in 2010. Republican congresspeople, governors, and Republican candidates have consistently opposed the ACA and have vowed to repeal it during every election, but more than 50% of Americans support ACA. In the first year of ACA 10 million Americans gained accessed to health insurance. The ACA also eliminated the no coverage for prior conditions, it also decreased prescription drug cost and eliminated co-pay for preventive services. When people are asked why they oppose the ACA they mention they do not like the government involved in their healthcare, but they pay into Medicare which is a mandatory federal government insurance. Despite positive changes the ACA has brought to many Americans many politicians and people oppose ACA and want to get rid of ACA(Silberman,2020). While ACA has made great strides in improving health care, health disparity remains a major problem among people of color. The recent pandemic has shown the world once again that the health care system is even though Black Americans make up 13 percent of the US population over 23 percent of COVID deaths were Black Americans (USA, 2021).
In spite of significant advances in the diagnosis and treatment of most chronic diseases, there is evidence that racial and ethnic minorities tend to receive lower quality of care than non-minorities and that, patients of minority ethnicity experience greater morbidity and mortality from various chronic diseases than non-minorities. The Institute of Medicine (IOM) report from 2006 showed unequal treatment “racial and ethnic disparities in healthcare exist and, because that lead to worse outcomes in many cases. Minorities were provided less access to health care intervention, sources, and funding (Egede, 2006).
References
Egede, L. (2006). Race, Ethnicity, Culture, and Disparities in Health care
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1924616/
Silberman, P. (2020). The Affordable Care Act: Against the Odds, It’s Working. North Carolina Medical Journal, 81(6), 364–369. https://doi-org.ezp.waldenulibrary.org/10.18043/ncm.81.6.364
USA FACTS. (2021).US COVID-19 cases and deaths by state
https://usafacts.org/visualizations/coronavirus-covid-19-spread-map/
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Important information for writing discussion questions and participation
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Your initial discussion post should be a minimum of 200 words and response posts should be a minimum of 150 words. Be advised that I grade based on quality and not necessarily the number of words you post. A minimum of TWO references should be used for your initial post. For your response post, you do not need references as personal experiences would count as response posts. If you however cite anything from the literature for your response post, it is required that you cite your reference. You should include a minimum of THREE references for papers in this course. Please note that references should be no more than 5 years old except recommended as a resource for the class. Furthermore, for each discussion board question, you need ONE initial substantive response and TWO substantive responses to either your classmates or your instructor for a total of THREE responses. There are TWO discussion questions each week, hence, you need a total minimum of SIX discussion posts for each week. I usually post a discussion question each week. You could also respond to these as it would count towards your required SIX discussion posts for the week.
I understand this is a lot of information to cover in 5 weeks, however, the Bible says in Philippians 4:13 that we can do all things through Christ that strengthens us. Even in times like this, we are encouraged by God’s word that we have that ability in us to succeed with His strength. I pray that each and every one of you receives strength for this course and life generally as we navigate through this pandemic that is shaking our world today. Relax and enjoy the course!
Hi Class,
Please read through the following information on writing a Discussion question response and participation posts.
Contact me if you have any questions.
Important information on Writing a Discussion Question
- Your response needs to be a minimum of 150 words (not including your list of references)
- There needs to be at least TWO references with ONE being a peer reviewed professional journal article.
- Include in-text citations in your response
- Do not include quotes—instead summarize and paraphrase the information
- Follow APA-7th edition
- Points will be deducted if the above is not followed
Participation –replies to your classmates or instructor
- A minimum of 6 responses per week, on at least 3 days of the week.
- Each response needs at least ONE reference with citations—best if it is a peer reviewed journal article
- Each response needs to be at least 75 words in length (does not include your list of references)
- Responses need to be substantive by bringing information to the discussion or further enhance the discussion. Responses of “I agree” or “great post” does not count for the word count.
- Follow APA 7th edition
- Points will be deducted if the above is not followed
- Remember to use and follow APA-7th edition for all weekly assignments, discussion questions, and participation points.
- Here are some helpful links
- Student paper example
- Citing Sources
- The Writing Center is a great resource