The nursing theory that I find most relatable to my current role as a nurse and future position as a nurse educator is Jean Watson’s theory of human caring. Watson’s theory was originally rooted in five fundamental ideas of genuine presence, spirituality, self-love, and love for others, the concept that your aura and being present create a healing space and an appreciation and receptivity to miracles (Rossillo, 2020). The caring theory is of particular importance to me and my practice as it focuses on being attentive to patients as well as the caregiver (Rossillo, 2020). I believe that nurturing oneself in turn translates to providing high-quality care to others. For example, I often interact with patients who have been diagnosed with cancer or are in the process of a new cancer diagnosis and they are rightfully down, at times emotional, and sometimes angry and exhausted with their treatments. My job as a nurse is to provide care and understanding holistically, if even for a short time while starting their IV for imaging. As a nurse, I can establish a positive environment for the patient to tell me their fears about getting an IV, offer a tissue and a listening ear for them to vent their frustrations of numerous appointments resulting in a very long day, and even solve complications of duplicate appointments in that brief interaction. These concepts are what I hope to instill in the future and the present generation of nurses through my role as a nurse educator. This with the idea that caring first starts with oneself as I believe it is hard to extend yourself to others when you have not initially understood your triggers, biases, and core beliefs.
NUR 513 Topic 5 DQ 2 Select one theory discussed during Topics 4 and 5. Does application of this theory differ based on the population focus?
NUR 513 Topic 5 DQ 2 Select one theory discussed during Topics 4 and 5. Does application of this theory differ based on the population focus?
Select one theory discussed during Topics 4 and 5. Does application of this theory differ based on the population focus (individuals, families, communities, and special populations)? Why or why not? Use examples from your current practice to illustrate differences or similarities.NUR 513 Topic 5 DQ 2
Re: Topic 5 DQ 2
Orem’s Self-care Deficit Theory was one of the theories I covered last week. Orem’s philosophy advocates for patient autonomy over self-care, with the ultimate goal of overcoming human constraints to self-care (Current Nursing, 2020). By emphasizing a person’s ability to execute self-care, maintain health, and general well-being, the individual is empowered to take responsibility for their own or others’ health (Shah, et. al, 2013). Because this idea can be extremely personalized from patient to patient or patient’s family, its applicability can vary widely depending on population focus.
This hypothesis, for example, would be implemented differently in adult and pediatric populations based on age and developmental stages. This hypothesis would most likely be mainly directed toward parent assistance and education in conducting care in pediatrics. Furthermore, this idea can change greatly depending on the exact ailment or disease state. NUR 513 Topic 5 DQ 2
For example, I work in a pediatric cardiovascular intensive care unit, where the patient’s defect, arrhythmia, or condition has a significant impact on their self-care needs. A baby who has not yet fully recovered from a congenital cardiac defect may require oxygen or tube feeding. In this case, much more emphasis would be placed on the parent’s ability to use/manipulate these new medical devices.
I may be caring for an adolescent on the same unit who has recently had a mechanical valve replacement. This patient may need full or partial care at first, and these limitations will change as the patient’s condition improves and he or she regains independence. This same patient may need anticoagulant therapy instruction; many adolescents have the physical and mental capacity to administer their own medications, so instruction and assistance would be provided in this scenario.NUR 513 Topic 5 DQ 2
Finally, because deficits can be flexible and dynamic in nature, how Orem’s Self-Care Deficit Theory is applied to a demographic focus varies greatly from scenario to situation.
ALSO READ:NUR 513 Topic 6 DQ 1 Based on your initial ideas, what types of scholarly nursing research (such as quantitative or qualitative research, peer-reviewed resources, etc.) would be required to further investigate the issue?
References
Current Nursing. (2020, March 12). Nursing theories: Open access articles on nursing theories and models. https://currentnursing.com/nursing_theory/self_care_deficit_theory.html
Shah, M., Abdullah, A., & Khan, H. (2013). Compare and contrast of grand theories: Orem’s self-care deficit theory and Roy’s adaptation model. International Journal of Science and Research. https://www.ijsr.net/archive/v4i1/SUB15564.pdf
RESPOND
I agree with you Gina that Orem’s theory promotes patient independence over self-care. The theory believes that patient autonomy enables the overcoming of human limitations to self-care. Self-care differs among patients due to their complications and personalities (Younas, 2017). Tailoring patient care based on their needs increases accuracy and service reliability. Tailoring patient services create individualized care. Therefore, Orem’s theory application differs based on the population’s character.NUR 513 Topic 5 DQ 2
The adult patients due to their age and nature of complication they may want unique medical care compared to the young population (Fernandes et al., 2018). Adult patients due to their age they are pre-exposed to various health problems. Orem’s theory flexibility allows nurses to adjust their nursing care based on the condition. The ultimate goal of Orem’s theory is to facilitate self-care.
Successful self-care is individualized nursing care that considers patient’s needs. Teaching nurses on understanding patient’s needs is an integral activity towards integrating Orem’s theory. Creating an enabling environment allows patient to disclose their concerns improving healthcare services. NUR 513 Topic 5 DQ 2
References
Fernandes, S., Silva, A., Barbas, L., Ferreira, R., Fonseca, C., & Fernandes, M. A. (2019, September). Theoretical contributions from Orem to self-care in Rehabilitation Nursing. In International Workshop on Gerontechnology (pp. 163-173). Springer, Cham. NUR 513 Topic 5 DQ 2
Younas, A. (2017). A foundational analysis of dorothea orem’s self-care theory and evaluation of its significance for nursing practice and research. Creative Nursing, 23(1), 13-23.
Re: Topic 5 DQ 2
In one of the discussions in Topic 4, I mentioned Florence Nightingale’s Environmental theory. This theory is not based on a particular population. With no other special populations specified, this can be applied to any individual, family, or community. This is because the theory is concerned with a person’s health in relation to their environment and the impact of the environment on them (Gonzalo, 2021). Every person, young and old, is exposed to a variety of environmental factors that can be harmful to their health.
NUR 513 Topic 5 DQ 2 However, depending on the circumstances, a person’s environment can change on a regular basis, either temporarily or permanently.
The difference observed in this theory would be determined by the environmental factors influencing that population focus. When I previously volunteered for a medical mission and assessed the health of families living near a mangrove, I discovered that many of them had gastrointestinal symptoms or had a history of gastrointestinal illnesses (e.g., diarrhea, vomiting, stomach pain). According to reports, the mangrove water entered the area through a leaking pipe, causing them to consume contaminated water.
It had an impact on both children and adults. Another family I examined for health who did not live near the mangrove had no symptoms and appeared to be in good health. According to the theory, these families were subjected to different environmental conditions, resulting in two distinct outcomes.NUR 513 Topic 5 DQ 2
The nursing process should include gathering and evaluating information based on its relevance to enable APNs to put Nightingale’s theory into practice (Tourville & Ingalls, 2003). Furthermore, nurses in an inpatient setting must be capable of creating a healing environment. Although some environmental factors are uncontrollable, nurses must take the initiative in configuring the appropriate environmental settings for the patient’s gradual health restoration (Gonzalo, 2021). One of my primary goals in my future practice, with a focus on healthcare quality, is to ensure that I implement environmental safety policies and procedures.
NUR 513 Topic 5 DQ 2References
Tourville, C., & Ingalls, K. (2003). The living tree of nursing theories. Nursing Forum, 38(3), 21-30, 36. doi:http://dx.doi.org.lopes.idm.oclc.org/10.1111/j.0029-6473.2003.t01-1-00021.x
Gonzalo, A. (2021). Florence nightingale: Environmental theory. Nurselabs. https://nurseslabs.com/florence-nightingales-environmental-theory/
RESPOND
Maria, I agree with you that environmental factors impact people regardless of their age. Nurses attend to different patients with different medical needs. Environment affects the medical intervention. The environmental theory insists that healthcare facilities
should be clean and suitable to facilitate patient’s recovery (Fernandes & Silva, 2020). Unfortunately, the environment might change due to various environmental occurrences. A clean environment, water, and proper lighting are environmental factors that facilitate smooth patient’s recovery. Some patients may not prioritize clean water since they are used to drinking untreated water.NUR 513 Topic 5 DQ 2
Therefore, these patients may want other environmental factors that will enable them to be comfortable. Prioritizing environmental factors when attending to patients (Sayani, 2017). Nightingale’s theory dictates that the APNs should gather crucial environmental information before integrating the environmental theory. Obtaining the information allows healthcare providers to understand patients’ environmental needs. The inability to understand the patient and the environment that enable the patient’s recovery paralyzes the nurses’ efforts to improve healthcare quality.
References NUR 513 Topic 5 DQ 2
Fernandes, A. G. O., & Silva, T. D. C. R. D. (2020). War against the COVID-19 pandemic: reflection in light of Florence Nightingale’s nursing theory. Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem, 73.
Sayani, A. H. (2017). Nightingale’s Theory and its Application to Pediatric Nursing Care. i-Manager’s Journal on Nursing, 7(2), 38.
Re: Topic 5 DQ 2
Virginia Henderson is a theorist who emphasizes the importance of increasing the patient’s independence so that discharge from the hospital is not delayed. “Her emphasis on basic human needs as the central focus of nursing practice has resulted in further theory development regarding patient needs and how nursing can help meet those needs.” The theory addresses four major concepts: the individual, the environment, health, and nursing. Henderson’s theory and application are identical when it comes to individuals, families, communities, and special populations.
The elderly population is an example that can be applied to Henderson’s theory. They may require assistance to achieve health and independence, as well as assistance to die peacefully. Mind and body are inseparable and interconnected for the individual, and the individual considers the biological, psychological, sociological, and spiritual components. This theory views the patient as a collection of biophysical needs rather than a type of client or consumer” (Nursing theory, 2020).NUR 513 Topic 5 DQ 2
When it comes to medications, education is extremely important in the elderly population. Teaching patients how to properly take or administer medications can benefit them in a variety of ways, lowering mortality rates. The environment is also important because it determines how well the patient adapts to their surroundings. Henderson stated that one of her 14 activities for client assistance is to maintain a supportive environment conducive to health.
If a patient is placed in an environment where he or she is surrounded by people who educate and inform them about self-care, he or she is more likely to follow what is recommended. Nursing and health go hand in hand. Having a passionate nurse who is concerned about the patient’s well-being will cause change within the individual. “Nurses temporarily assist an individual who lacks the necessary strength, will, and knowledge to satisfy one or more of the 14 basic needs,” Henderson writes. NUR 513 Topic 5 DQ 2
“The nurse is temporarily the consciousness of the unconscious, the love life for the suicidal, the amputee’s leg, the eyes of the newly blind, a means of locomotion for the infant, knowledge and confidence of the young mother, and the mouthpiece for those too weak or withdrawn to speak,” she says (Nurse lab, 2021). It is critical to emphasize education to the elderly population in order to continue addressing any issues that may arise.
References
Nursing theory, (2020). Henderson Nursing need theory. https://nursing-theory.org/theories-and-models/henderson-need-theory.php
Nurse lab, (2021). Virginia Henderson. Nursing need theory. https://nurseslabs.com/virginia-hendersons-need-theory/
RESPOND TO HERE
Jackyvan I agree with you that Virginia Henderson’s theory focuses on basic human needs. The focus has led to the advancement of more theories. The theory emphasizes on patient’s independence in minimizing delays in the medication process. The individual, the environment, health, and nursing are four concepts in Henderson’s theory (Gligor & Domnariu, 2020). The theory is rigid when applied in healthcare facilities. Therefore, healthcare providers are forced to ensure that their population meets conditions to use Henderson’s theory.
However, the model’s concepts increase its preference especially in healthcare facilities that respect patient’s autonomy. The elderly population is exposed to various complications. Thus, elderly patients may need health and independence assistance due to their stateNUR 513 Topic 5 DQ 2
. Environment plays a significant role in dictating medical intervention (Fernandes et al., 2019). Hospitals ensure that they create a suitable environment. Poor environment reduces patient chances to recuperate. Furthermore, the environment may generate new health complications. Nurses’ proximity to their patients allows them to understand the suitable environmental factors that will improve their recovery rates.
References
Fernandes, B. K. C., Clares, J. W. B., Borges, C. L., Nóbrega, M. M. L. D., & Freitas, M. C. D. (2019). Nursing diagnoses for institutionalized elderly people based on Henderson’s theory. Revista da Escola de Enfermagem da USP, 53. NUR 513 Topic 5 DQ 2
Gligor, L., & Domnariu, C. D. (2020). Patient Care Approach Using Nursing Theories-Comparative Analysis of Orem’s Self-Care Deficit Theory and Henderson’s Model. Acta Medica Transilvanica, 25(2), 11-14.
react positively. Working together to achieve mutual goals improves the nurse-patient relationship.
Many interactions demonstrate the relevance of goal attainment theory in the current practice as acute care nurses provide care to individuals, families, communities, and populations. Regularly, elderly adults seek acute care services due to their reduced independence stemming from chronic diseases and reduced mobility (Abdi et al., 2019).
In response, nurses engage these patients and relevant family members in setting mutual goals and Nurses work as they acquire more skills to enable them to serve patients better in the future. As applied in the current practice, nursing theories will be instrumental in the success of future roles in advanced nursing practice. They will be crucial since self-care, the environment, and patient engagement will remain valuable for effective, holistic, and satisfactory care.NUR 513 Topic 5 DQ 2
Among many theories, Imogene King’s theory of goal attainment applies to my future role as an acute and geriatric care nurse. King’s theory is established on the tenet that the care process is transactional and that the patients should be active participants in goal setting and accomplishment. If differently stated, the nurse and the patient should communicate information, set mutual goals, and act appropriately to achieve the set goals (Adib-Hajbaghery & Tahmouresi, 2018).
The implication is that the desired goals are achieved through mutual perceptions and each participant playing their part as required. As Adib-Hajbaghery and Tahmouresi (2018) further mentioned, the nurse’s role is to care for the patient while initiating appropriate actions to enable patients to developing the treatment plan. As Kneuertz et al. (2020) noted, patient engagement improves adherence to medication, which is witnessed among this unique patient group when the nursing process is transactional. A similar approach to care will be instrumental in the future as acute care practitioners seek innovative ways of improving health among patients and populations.
References NUR 513 Topic 5 DQ 2
Abdi, S., Spann, A., Borilovic, J., de Witte, L., & Hawley, M. (2019). Understanding the care and support needs of older people: a scoping review and categorisation using the WHO international classification of functioning, disability and health framework (ICF). BMC Geriatrics, 19(1), 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-019-1189-9
Adib-Hajbaghery, M., & Tahmouresi, M. (2018). Nurse–patient relationship based on the Imogene King’s theory of goal attainment. Nursing and Midwifery Studies, 7(3), 141-144. doi: 10.4103/2322-1488.235636
Kneuertz, P. J., Jagadesh, N., Perkins, A., Fitzgerald, M., Moffatt-Bruce, S. D., Merritt, R. E., & D’Souza, D. M. (2020). Improving patient engagement, adherence, and satisfaction in lung cancer surgery with implementation of a mobile device platform for patient reported outcomes. Journal of Thoracic Disease, 12(11), 6883–6891. https://doi.org/10.21037/jtd.2020.01.23