NRS 433 Assignment Rough Draft Qualitative Research Critique and Ethical Considerations GCU

Grand Canyon University NRS 433 Assignment Rough Draft Qualitative Research Critique and Ethical Considerations GCU-Step -By-Step Guide

 

This guide will demonstrate how to complete the Grand Canyon University NRS 433 Assignment Rough Draft Qualitative Research Critique and Ethical Considerations GCU assignment based on general principles of academic writing. Here, we will show you the A, B, Cs of completing an academic paper, irrespective of the instructions. After guiding you through what to do, the guide will leave one or two sample essays at the end to highlight the various sections discussed below.

 

How to Research and Prepare for NRS 433 Assignment Rough Draft Qualitative Research Critique and Ethical Considerations GCU

 

Whether one passes or fails an academic assignment such as the Grand Canyon University NRS 433 Assignment Rough Draft Qualitative Research Critique and Ethical Considerations GCU depends on the preparation done beforehand. The first thing to do once you receive an assignment is to quickly skim through the requirements. Once that is done, start going through the instructions one by one to clearly understand what the instructor wants. The most important thing here is to understand the required format—whether it is APA, MLA, Chicago, etc.

 

After understanding the requirements of the paper, the next phase is to gather relevant materials. The first place to start the research process is the weekly resources. Go through the resources provided in the instructions to determine which ones fit the assignment. After reviewing the provided resources, use the university library to search for additional resources. After gathering sufficient and necessary resources, you are now ready to start drafting your paper.

 

How to Write the Introduction for NRS 433 Assignment Rough Draft Qualitative Research Critique and Ethical Considerations GCU

The introduction for the Grand Canyon University NRS 433 Assignment Rough Draft Qualitative Research Critique and Ethical Considerations GCU is where you tell the instructor what your paper will encompass. In three to four statements, highlight the important points that will form the basis of your paper. Here, you can include statistics to show the importance of the topic you will be discussing. At the end of the introduction, write a clear purpose statement outlining what exactly will be contained in the paper. This statement will start with “The purpose of this paper…” and then proceed to outline the various sections of the instructions.

 

How to Write the Body for NRS 433 Assignment Rough Draft Qualitative Research Critique and Ethical Considerations GCU

 

After the introduction, move into the main part of the NRS 433 Assignment Rough Draft Qualitative Research Critique and Ethical Considerations GCU assignment, which is the body. Given that the paper you will be writing is not experimental, the way you organize the headings and subheadings of your paper is critically important. In some cases, you might have to use more subheadings to properly organize the assignment. The organization will depend on the rubric provided. Carefully examine the rubric, as it will contain all the detailed requirements of the assignment. Sometimes, the rubric will have information that the normal instructions lack.

 

Another important factor to consider at this point is how to do citations. In-text citations are fundamental as they support the arguments and points you make in the paper. At this point, the resources gathered at the beginning will come in handy. Integrating the ideas of the authors with your own will ensure that you produce a comprehensive paper. Also, follow the given citation format. In most cases, APA 7 is the preferred format for nursing assignments.

 

How to Write the Conclusion for NRS 433 Assignment Rough Draft Qualitative Research Critique and Ethical Considerations GCU

 

After completing the main sections, write the conclusion of your paper. The conclusion is a summary of the main points you made in your paper. However, you need to rewrite the points and not simply copy and paste them. By restating the points from each subheading, you will provide a nuanced overview of the assignment to the reader.

 

How to Format the References List for NRS 433 Assignment Rough Draft Qualitative Research Critique and Ethical Considerations GCU

 

The very last part of your paper involves listing the sources used in your paper. These sources should be listed in alphabetical order and double-spaced. Additionally, use a hanging indent for each source that appears in this list. Lastly, only the sources cited within the body of the paper should appear here.

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Sample Answer for NRS 433 Assignment Rough Draft Qualitative Research Critique and Ethical Considerations GCU

The shortage of nurses in the ICU is a huge challenge for healthcare providers in the US. It has increased the demand for more nurses and nurse turnover rates, affecting patients and their families. It also affects nursing professionals. For example, reports have found that many nurses have considered leaving their job due to stress related to the workload while others have developed mental related issues such as anxiety and burnout. Healthcare organizations continuously to witness this challenge and it occurs due to manys reasons, including high acuity/admission levels. Many studies have been conducted in this area to understand the issue better. This essay evaluates and critques two qualitative studies examining staffing levels and how they affect patient safety, infection control, and nurse and patient stress in the ICU. It will include different elements such as author’s obejectives, reseach methods, research findings and the ethial considerations that the authors of the qualitiative articles employed.

PICOT question

In the ICU departments, do sufficient nurse workers (I) prevent the occurrence of medical errors, infections, and stress among patients and nurses themselves (O) within one year (T) compared to inadequate nurse workers (C)?

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Population (P) – The target population is the patients in the ICU.

Intervention (I) – Sufficient nurse workers

Comparison (C) – Inadequate nurse workers.

Outcome (O) -Prevents infections, stress, and medical errors among the patients and nurses

Time (T) – The duration is one year.

Background of Studies

Banda et al. (2019) investigate how nurses at Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital’s ICU in Malawi view the issue of a high workload on patient care. Using a purposive sample technique, the researchers selected research participants based on how long they had previously worked at the hospital. They then provided them with informed consent. The researchers then performed ten in-depth interviews to collect the research data. After collecting data, they evaluated it using Braun & Clarke’s theme analysis method. According to the study, ICU nurses and critically ill patients suffer when nurses are overworked. It jeopardizes patient safety and hinders providing quality care. Additionally, it harms the nurses’ health. It suggests that nurses are worried about the harmful effects that heavy workloads have on patient care. Adding more ICU nurses is necessary to address this problem.

Bridges et al. (2019) examine how patients interact with nursing and staffing regarding quality and quantity. It involves tracking patient outcomes for a year while using various staff ratios. Investigators then performed regression analysis to examine the information gathered on patient care quality. They discovered that compared to nurses who handled fewer patients, those with at least eight patients exhibited poor engagement with them.

How The Two Articles Support the Nursing Practice Problem

Banda et al. (2019) examine nurses’ opinions on the problem of high workloads in the ICU. Thus, the study seeks to determine the idea behind workloads in patient care at the ICU. Similarly, Bridges et al. (2019) studied how patients feel about a situation when patient satisfaction with their care is high or poor. Both studies supported the PICOT question by stating that understaffing is a factor in the serious difficulties encountered in the ICU. They established that it hurts health outcomes. According to Banda et al. (2019), both ICU nurses and critically ill patients suffer when nurses are overworked. It jeopardizes patient safety and hinders providing quality care. In addition, it harms nurses’ health, contributing significantly to the ICU’s healthcare issues. Bridges et al. (2019) found that nurses with at least eight patients had poorer interactions with them than those with fewer.

Method of Studies

Banda et al. (2019) employed purposive sampling to select research participants based on the duration they had worked directly at the hospital. They then provided their informed consent. The researchers then performed ten in-depth interviews to collect the research data. After collecting data, they evaluated it using Braun & Clarke’s theme analysis method. Researchers from Bridges et al. (2019) studied patient outcomes based on various staff ratios for a year. Regression analysis was then utilized to examine the information acquired regarding the standard of patient care. Therefore, the approaches used in these two situations differed since Bridges et al. (2019) relied on observation while Banda et al. (2019) used interviews.

The method makes it easier to get detailed information because the interview questions are open-ended, which helps to clarify the research question. Banda et al. (2019) involved ten interviews to get first-hand information about how ICU nurses in Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital, Blantyre, Malawi, perceive the high workload on patient care. However, the interviewing technique will probably introduce considerable biases, leading to incorrect data. Various circumstances that may come into play throughout the interview could cause this issue. In Banda et al. (2019), the researchers did not involve nurse managers, despite their significant role in healthcare. Thus, there are possibilities that the investigation missed out on some crucial data related to the management.

Since the researcher can verify the accuracy of the data gathered, the observation approach is quite accurate. For example, real-time ward-based staff and interaction data significantly improved upon flaws found in earlier studies. (Bridges et al., 2019). Similarly, the investigator can use various tools to identify the behaviors under examination. As opposed to interviewing, the researcher merely uses the participants’ responses as the data source. Some natural phenomena, however, are hard to record during the study using the observation approach because the researchers cannot pinpoint their exact location and timing. Data from independent care observations may not be a good surrogate for the real patient experience, according to (Bridges et al., 2019).

Results of Studies

According to Banda et al. (2019), the nurses’ severe workloads put patients’ safety at risk by giving them subpar care. Additionally, they found that the welfare of the nurses was in danger due to heavy workloads. According to Bridges et al. (2019) researchers, patient-nurse conflict occasionally prevents patients from receiving the care they need.Banda et al. (2019) state that managers and policymakers should focus on hiring more ICU nurses and putting other solutions in place to address the issue of high workloads and the effects they have on patient care. Researchers in Bridges et al. (2019) also advise the need to understand what causes a poor relationship between nurses and their patients when there is a reduced staffing ratio.

Ethical Considerations

There is a need for approval from the relevant authorities to ensure that the study complies with ethical guidelines and safeguards the participant’s rights. Banda et al. (2019) approved the study by the College of Medicine Research and Ethical Committee (COMREC). Bridges et al. (2019) study was approved by the Social Care Research Ethics Committee for England. Thus, both investigations followed the necessary rules and regulations. Researchers must also obtain informed consent from participants before proceeding with their study. The participants are informed about the research purpose, their rights, the possible benefits and risks, and the research procedure. After this, the participants must sign a consent form revealing their willingness to be part of the study. Banda et al. (2019) gave informed consent to all the research participants before beginning the study. However, due to the nature of the research, Bridges et al. (2019) did not seek consent.

Conclusion

Both Banda et al. (2019) and Bridges et al. (2019) investigated the shortage of nurses in the ICU, an issue of concern in the US, affecting both patients and healthcare providers. Banda et al. (2019) explore nurses’ perspectives on the issue of heavy workloads in the ICU. At the same time, Bridges et al. (2019) examine how patients feel about their satisfaction with the care they receive, both when it is high and when it is low. Bridges et al. (2019) used an observation method, while Banda et al. (2019) employed an interviewing method. While the two approaches had some advantages, they also had a fair share of limitations. The two studies revealed that the issue of high workload affects the entire healthcare sector, and it should be solved. The results from both studies are reliable enough since they adhered to ethical considerations.

Check Out Also: NRS 433 Topic 3 DQ 1 Provide examples of experimental and nonexperimental research design

References

Banda, Z., Simbota, M., & Mula, C. (2019). Nurses’ perceptions on the effects of high nursing workload on patient care in an intensive care unit of a referral hospital in Malawi: a qualitative study. BMC nursing, 21(1), 1-7. doi: 10.1186/s12912-022-00918-x.

Bridges, J., Griffiths, P., Oliver, E., & Pickering, R. M. (2019). Hospital nurse staffing and staff–patient interactions: an observational study. BMJ quality & safety, 28(9), 706-713. DOI: 10.1136/bmjqs-2018-008948

Sample Answer 2 for NRS 433 Assignment Rough Draft Qualitative Research Critique and Ethical Considerations GCU

The ability to effectively analyze qualitative research studies is an important skill for nurses. When reviewing a qualitative study, there are three key aspects to consider: the problem being studied, the objectives of the study, and the significance of the findings to nursing practice. The problem statement defines the focus of the research and provides context for understanding the objectives and significance of the study. The objectives identify what researchers hope to achieve through their work. And finally, the significance relates how findings from qualitative research can impact nursing practice. Together, these three elements provide a concise summary of a qualitative study and allow nurses to critically evaluate its usefulness to their own practice. The purpose of this assignment is to analyze the two qualitative articles presented in topic 1 and to explain the ways in which the findings might be used in nursing practice, and address ethical considerations associated with the conduct of the study.

Background of Study

The two qualitative studies under analysis include article I, “Rationing of Nursing Care and Professional Burnout Among Nurses Working in Cardiovascular Settings” by Uchmanowicz et al. (2021) and article II, “Stress, burnout, and low self-efficacy of nursing professionals: A qualitative inquiry” by Dos Santos (2020). Article I explore the problems that nurses face when trying to provide care in settings where resources are limited. The author, a nurse herself, argues that the current system of rationing nursing care is leading to professional burnout among nurses working in cardiovascular settings. The main problem with the current system, according to the author, is that it does not allow for nurses to exercise their autonomy or discretion when providing care (Bryan-Rose & Bourne, 2018). This can often lead to rationing of care, which can result in sub-optimal patient outcomes. In addition, the author argues that professional burnout is a very real problem for nurses working in these types of conditions. The article is significant to nursing because it provides elaborate information that can be applied to transform healthcare delivery processes. The purpose of the article is to assess the relationship between the rationing of nursing care and professional burnout in nursing staff. The main objective of the article is to determine the impacts of nurse rationing on the professional burnout. The main research question is: Does rationing of nursing care lead to professional burnout in nursing staff?

Qualitative study II explores the relationship between stress, burnout and reduced or low-levels of self-efficacy among nurses in healthcare facilities. The article also examines the sources of stress and burnout among nursing professionals. The main problem being investigated in the article is the stress and burnout among nurses. The article is significant to nursing because it provides appropriate information that can be applied to reduce the cases of nurse burnout and stress to enhance efficiency in the treatment processes (Elkady, 2019). The purpose of the article is to enhance the understanding the sources of stress and burnout that reduce self-efficacy and the unbalanced patient ratio as well as a description of nurses’ experiences. On the other hand, the main objective is to enhance the correlation between rationing and burnout among nurses. The main research question is: What are the sources of burnout and stress which lower self-efficacy, and lead to unbalanced patient ratio?

How The Two Articles Support the Nurse Practice Issue Chosen

The two article relates to the PICOT question as they show that nurse burnout is a phenomenon that impacts different aspects of care delivery. They also demonstrate the relationship between stress, burnout and reduced or low-levels of self-efficacy among nurses in healthcare facilities The article is categorical that increased workload among nurses leads to burnout. The article relates to the PICOT question as it demonstrates the relationship between stress, burnout and reduced or low-levels of self-efficacy among nurses in healthcare facilities. The article also examines the sources of stress and burnout among nursing professionals. This information can be used to answer different aspects of the research question.

The interventions and comparison groups in the articles compare to those identified in the PICOT question. Each article provides information on how the intervention or comparison group differed from those identified in the PICOT question. The comparison groups in the research variables typically compare different interventions to each other or to a control group (receiving no treatment). Overall, the interventions and comparison groups in the articles compare to those identified in your PICOT question.

Method of Study

Article I use Cross-sectional design aimed at investigating the link between rationing and professional burnout. On the other hand, article II uses snowball sampling was used in the study. The two different are different in terms of methodologies that have been applied and the findings. However, the information being presented in the same. There are both benefits and limitations to cross-sectional study design. Cross-sectional studies are quick and easy to conduct, which makes them useful for collecting initial data on a topic (Rozo et al., 2017). They can be used to generate hypotheses for further research, and can provide a broad overview of a population. However, because cross-sectional studies only observe individuals at one point in time, they can miss important information about changes over time. Additionally, because they do not involve manipulating variables, they cannot establish cause and effect relationships. Finally, because different groups may be studied at different times, there is potential for bias in the results.

The snowball sampling study design is a type of convenience sampling. Its main benefit is that it can be used to identify rare populations or groups that are not easily accessible. It is often used in qualitative research, where the goal is to gain an in-depth understanding of a particular group or population. A potential limitation of the snowball sampling study design is that it may not produce a representative sample of the population. This is because the population may be too small or its members may be difficult to contact or unwilling to participate in the study. Additionally, because participants are recruited through referrals from other participants, there is a risk of introducing bias into the data.

Results of Study

Article I indicate existence of a positive relationship between rationing and burnout, occurrence of emotional exhaustion and significant levels of depersonalization. There is an often-cited link between emotional exhaustion and depersonalization in the medical field. Emotional exhaustion has been found to be a significant predictor of burnout, with those in the medical field at a heightened risk. In a study of UK doctors, 70% of respondents reported feeling emotionally exhausted, and over half reported high levels of depersonalization (Uchmanowicz et al., 2021).14 This suggests that there may be a relationship between rationing and burnout, as those who are more likely to experience emotional exhaustion are also more likely to prohibit themselves from providing care. From the article, it seems clear that there is a correlation between rationing and burnout. The results from article II show that factors within the nurses’ environment that include family stress, workplace incivility, and personal development play a significant role in increasing stress and burning which reduce self-efficacy of the nurses (Dos Santos, 2020).

The two studies in nursing practice have different implications for nursing practice.

The first study a close relationship between rationing and nurse burnout. This suggest that correct nurse to patient ratio ought to be maintained to ensure effective healthcare delivery. The findings from the second article also have significant implication to nursing given that it provides measures that can be taken to enhance healthcare delivery processes.

Ethical Considerations

When conducting research, there are two main ethical considerations that must be taken into account: informed consent and confidentiality of information. Informed consent is a process through which researchers must inform participants about the nature of the study, including the risks and benefits involved, and obtain their voluntary agreement to participate. Confidentiality of information is also crucial, as participants have a right to privacy and should feel safe knowing that their personal information will not be shared with anyone without their permission. Voluntary participation is another important consideration, as participants must be free to withdraw from a study at any time without penalty. This ensures that they are in control of their own body and data, and are not being coerced or manipulated into participating against their will.

The Article I and II adhered to the informed consent and confidentiality of information. The authors confirmed participant’s willingness to the take part in the study process. Also, the information given in the research remained confidential during and after the research process. Confidentiality is an ethical issue in qualitative research because researchers are often required to share data with other researchers.

Conclusion

The purpose of this assignment is to analyze the two qualitative articles presented in topic 1 and to explain the ways in which the findings might be used in nursing practice, and address ethical considerations associated with the conduct of the study. Article I use Cross-sectional design aimed at investigating the link between rationing and professional burnout. On the other hand, article II uses snowball sampling was used in the study. Article I indicate existence of a positive relationship between rationing and burnout, occurrence of emotional exhaustion and significant levels of depersonalization. The results from article II show that factors within the nurses’ environment that include family stress, workplace incivility, and personal development play a significant role in increasing stress and burning which reduce self-efficacy of the nurses.

References

Uchmanowicz, I., Kubielas, G., Serzysko, B., Kołcz, A., Gurowiec, P., & Kolarczyk, E. (2021). Rationing of Nursing Care and Professional Burnout Among Nurses Working in Cardiovascular Settings. Frontiers in Psychology, 12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.726318

Rozo, J. A., Olson, D. M., Thu, H., & Stutzman, S. E. (2017). Situational factors associated with burnout among emergency department nurses. Workplace Health & Safety, 65(6), 262-265. DOI: 10.1177/2165079917705669

Bryan-Rose, C., & Bourne, P. A. (2018). Factors Determining ‘Burnout’ Among Nursing Staffers at a National Hospital in Jamaica. Juniper Online Journal of Public Health, 3(2): 555608. DOI: 10.19080/JOJPH.2018.03.555608.

Elkady, A. A. M. (2019). Mindfulness and Resilience as Predictors of Job Burnout among Nurses in Public Hospitals. International Journal of Psycho-Educational Sciences, 8, 14-21. https://perrjournal.com/index.php/per journal/article/view/167

Dos Santos, L. M. (2020, December). Stress, burnout, and low self-efficacy of nursing professionals: A qualitative inquiry. Healthcare, 8(4): 424. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare8040424

Assessment Description

Write a critical appraisal that demonstrates comprehension of two qualitative research studies. Use the “Research Critique Guidelines – Part 1” document to organize your essay. Successful completion of this assignment requires that you provide rationale, include examples, and reference content from the studies in your responses.

Use the practice problem and two qualitative, peer-reviewed research article you identified in the Topic 1 assignment to complete this assignment.

In a 1,000–1,250 word essay, summarize two qualitative studies, explain the ways in which the findings might be used in nursing practice, and address ethical considerations associated with the conduct of the study.

You are required to cite a minimum of three peer-reviewed sources to complete this assignment. Sources must be published within the

last 5 years, appropriate for the assignment criteria, and relevant to nursing practice.

Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.

This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.

You are required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite. A link to the LopesWrite technical support articles is located in Class Resources if you need assistance.

Attachments

NRS-433V-RS2-ResearchCritiqueGuidelinesPar

NRS 433 Assignment Rough Draft Qualitative Research Critique and Ethical Considerations GCU

Rough Draft Qualitative Research Critique and Ethical Considerations – Rubric

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