Ethical Issues in Conducting Research

Walden University Ethical Issues in Conducting Research-Step-By-Step Guide

This guide will demonstrate how to complete the Walden University Ethical Issues in Conducting Research assignment based on general principles of academic writing. Here, we will show you the A, B, Cs of completing an academic paper, irrespective of the instructions. After guiding you through what to do, the guide will leave one or two sample essays at the end to highlight the various sections discussed below.

How to Research and Prepare for Ethical Issues in Conducting Research

Whether one passes or fails an academic assignment such as the Walden University Ethical Issues in Conducting Research depends on the preparation done beforehand. The first thing to do once you receive an assignment is to quickly skim through the requirements. Once that is done, start going through the instructions one by one to clearly understand what the instructor wants. The most important thing here is to understand the required format—whether it is APA, MLA, Chicago, etc.

After understanding the requirements of the paper, the next phase is to gather relevant materials. The first place to start the research process is the weekly resources. Go through the resources provided in the instructions to determine which ones fit the assignment. After reviewing the provided resources, use the university library to search for additional resources. After gathering sufficient and necessary resources, you are now ready to start drafting your paper.

How to Write the Introduction for Ethical Issues in Conducting Research

The introduction for the Walden University Ethical Issues in Conducting Research is where you tell the instructor what your paper will encompass. In three to four statements, highlight the important points that will form the basis of your paper. Here, you can include statistics to show the importance of the topic you will be discussing. At the end of the introduction, write a clear purpose statement outlining what exactly will be contained in the paper. This statement will start with “The purpose of this paper…” and then proceed to outline the various sections of the instructions.

How to Write the Body for Ethical Issues in Conducting Research

After the introduction, move into the main part of the Ethical Issues in Conducting Research assignment, which is the body. Given that the paper you will be writing is not experimental, the way you organize the headings and subheadings of your paper is critically important. In some cases, you might have to use more subheadings to properly organize the assignment. The organization will depend on the rubric provided. Carefully examine the rubric, as it will contain all the detailed requirements of the assignment. Sometimes, the rubric will have information that the normal instructions lack.

Another important factor to consider at this point is how to do citations. In-text citations are fundamental as they support the arguments and points you make in the paper. At this point, the resources gathered at the beginning will come in handy. Integrating the ideas of the authors with your own will ensure that you produce a comprehensive paper. Also, follow the given citation format. In most cases, APA 7 is the preferred format for nursing assignments.

How to Write the Conclusion for Ethical Issues in Conducting Research

After completing the main sections, write the conclusion of your paper. The conclusion is a summary of the main points you made in your paper. However, you need to rewrite the points and not simply copy and paste them. By restating the points from each subheading, you will provide a nuanced overview of the assignment to the reader.

How to Format the References List for Ethical Issues in Conducting Research

The very last part of your paper involves listing the sources used in your paper. These sources should be listed in alphabetical order and double-spaced. Additionally, use a hanging indent for each source that appears in this list. Lastly, only the sources cited within the body of the paper should appear here.

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Major ethical issues related to conducting research include informed consent, respect for privacy, respect for anonymity and confidentiality, and beneficence. Informed consent is a leading ethical issue. Informed consent should include its purpose, selection of participants, the procedures to be followed, expected benefits, and potential harm (West, 2020). A breach of privacy occurs in research when a participant’s private information is shared with third parties without their knowledge or consent (West, 2020). Besides, an invasion of privacy can occur when researchers study specific populations without their knowledge or identifying themselves.

Anonymity is respected when the participant’s identity cannot be associated with responses. If the researcher cannot guarantee anonymity, they have to deal with confidentiality, which involves managing the participant’s private information to protect their identity(West, 2020). However, an ethical dilemma can arise when the researcher breaks confidentiality due to the moral obligation to protect society. Beneficence entails the professional obligation to conduct effective and substantial research to better serve and promote individuals’ welfare (West, 2020). Beneficence correlates to research, while nonmaleficence concerns the potential risks of participating in the research. The researcher must take into account the possible consequences and balance the research’s risks with proportionate benefits.

The APRN working with persons participating in research should act as an advocate for the research participants. APRNs are in the best position to advocate for research subjects because they are well-versed about participants’ rights and the protections for human participants in clinical research (Nsiah et al., 2019). They have the role of helping participants understand the study and what they are being asked to do in the research. The APRN ensures that subjects have the adequate needed to make informed decisions before the research commences and throughout its duration (Nsiah et al., 2019). Besides, the APRN ensures that the subjects are aware of their right to withdraw from the study. Furthermore, the APRN should advocate for the research itself. Clinical research is essential for improving health care and understanding health (Nsiah et al., 2019). Thus, the APRN has a role in ensuring that the research will benefit the health of the patients.

References

Nsiah, C., Siakwa, M., & Ninnoni, J. (2019). Registered Nurses’ description of patient advocacy in the clinical setting. Nursing open, 6(3), 1124–1132. https://doi.org/10.1002/nop2.307

West, E. (2020). Ethics and integrity in nursing research. Handbook of research ethics and scientific integrity, 1051-1069.

Identify recommendations for nursing education you believe will be most effective or radical in creating change within the industry.

Compare and contrast two nursing theories.

Identify the two recommendations for nursing education you believe will be most effective or radical in creating change within the industry

Imagine the following scenario: You are taking the evidence-based practice course and one of your classmates shares an EBP project draft with you.

What is your personal worldview?

Topic 4 Assignment: Nursing Theory

Worldview and Nursing Process Personal Statement

Topic 6 DQ 1: Appropriateness of Research

Discuss how the shift to value-based health care has impacted delivery of care and the role and responsibilities of the advanced registered nurse.

Differentiate between “leading” and “managing.”

Discuss the importance of interoperability between EHRs and other disparate systems and the impact on improving quality and access to care

Emerging Technology Brief

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The roles of nurses have evolved over the years from patient-centered care to other spheres such as clinical research. DeNisco and Baker (2016) postulate that advanced registered nurses, especially nurse educators, must equip nurses with the need to base their practice on reliable evidence. As part of their mandate, advanced registered nurses such as nurse educators are impacted by certain ethical considerations during the conduction of research. According to Ying, Han and Sng (2016), informed consent is one of the most fundamental ethical considerations for a nurse during a research undertaking. A study participant or subject should demonstrate willingness to participate in the research after they have received all the pertinent information concerning the research. Informed consent attempts to inculcate the rights of autonomous people through self-determination.

Further, it seeks to cushion assaults on the integrity of a study participant and protect veracity and personal liberty of the same. In addition to informed consent, advanced nursing practitioners are also impacted by the beneficence (do not harm) ethical principle (Porter-O’Grady & Malloch, 2016). This principle entails the professional requirement to conduct efficacious and substantial research for purposes of serving and promoting the welfare of constituents in a better way. The principle of beneficence particularly applies when dealing with the creation of a hypothesis as regards a qualitative research. Immense ethical issues may be raised in such studies if the research results indicate that the study was not as beneficial as anticipated. Further, advanced nurse practitioners are impacted by the necessity to uphold anonymity and confidentiality of the study participants, respect their privacy and make a consideration concerning vulnerable groups as some researchers claim they lack the capacity to provide informed consent.

In addition to the above research considerations, advanced nurse practitioners also play a fundamental role in advocating for the rights and safety of patients during research undertakings. Through the principle of non-maleficence, advanced registered nurses need to examine the potential participation risks to the patient (Ying, Han, & Sng, 2016). Indeed, they need to demonstrate a high-level of sensitivity as to the constitution of harm so as to ensure patient safety and respect for their rights. Non-maleficence thus dictates that these nurses minimize potential harm and prevent the occurrence of potential harm to the participants.

References

DeNisco, S. M., & Baker, A. M. (2016). Advanced practice nursing: Essential knowledge for the profession (3 ed.). Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning.

Porter-O’Grady, T. & Malloch, K. (2016). Becoming a professional nurse. ( 2nd ed.), Leadership in nursing practice: Changing the landscape of healthcare. Burlington, MA: Jones and Bartlett Learning.

Yip, C., Han, N. R., & Sng, B. L. (2016). Legal and ethical issues in research. Indian journal of anaesthesia, 60(9), 684-688.

Lopes Write Policy

For assignments that need to be submitted to Lopes Write, please be sure you have received your report and Similarity Index (SI) percentage BEFORE you do a “final submit” to me.

Once you have received your report, please review it. This report will show you grammatical, punctuation, and spelling errors that can easily be fixed. Take the extra few minutes to review instead of getting counted off for these mistakes.

Review your similarities. Did you forget to cite something? Did you not paraphrase well enough? Is your paper made up of someone else’s thoughts more than your own?

Visit the Writing Center in the Student Success Center, under the Resources tab in LoudCloud for tips on improving your paper and SI score.

Late Policy

The university’s policy on late assignments is 10% penalty PER DAY LATE. This also applies to late DQ replies.

Please communicate with me if you anticipate having to submit an assignment late. I am happy to be flexible, with advance notice. We may be able to work out an extension based on extenuating circumstances.

If you do not communicate with me before submitting an assignment late, the GCU late policy will be in effect.

I do not accept assignments that are two or more weeks late unless we have worked out an extension.

As per policy, no assignments are accepted after the last day of class. Any assignment submitted after midnight on the last day of class will not be accepted for grading.

Communication

Communication is so very important. There are multiple ways to communicate with me:

Questions to Instructor Forum: This is a great place to ask course content or assignment questions. If you have a question, there is a good chance one of your peers does as well. This is a public forum for the class.

Individual Forum: This is a private forum to ask me questions or send me messages. This will be checked at least once every 24 hours.

Important information for writing discussion questions and participation

Welcome to class

Hello class and welcome to the class and I will be your instructor for this course. This is a -week course and requires a lot of time commitment, organization, and a high level of dedication. Please use the class syllabus to guide you through all the assignments required for the course. I have also attached the classroom policies to this announcement to know your expectations for this course. Please review this document carefully and ask me any questions if you do. You could email me at any time or send me a message via the “message” icon in halo if you need to contact me. I check my email regularly, so you should get a response within 24 hours. If you have not heard from me within 24 hours and need to contact me urgently, please send a follow up text to

I strongly encourage that you do not wait until the very last minute to complete your assignments. Your assignments in weeks 4 and 5 require early planning as you would need to present a teaching plan and interview a community health provider. I advise you look at the requirements for these assignments at the beginning of the course and plan accordingly. I have posted the YouTube link that explains all the class assignments in detail. It is required that you watch this 32-minute video as the assignments from week 3 through 5 require that you follow the instructions to the letter to succeed. Failure to complete these assignments according to instructions might lead to a zero. After watching the video, please schedule a one-on-one with me to discuss your topic for your project by the second week of class. Use this link to schedule a 15-minute session. Please, call me at the time of your appointment on my number. Please note that I will NOT call you.

Please, be advised I do NOT accept any assignments by email. If you are having technical issues with uploading an assignment, contact the technical department and inform me of the issue. If you have any issues that would prevent you from getting your assignments to me by the deadline, please inform me to request a possible extension. Note that working fulltime or overtime is no excuse for late assignments. There is a 5%-point deduction for every day your assignment is late. This only applies to approved extensions. Late assignments will not be accepted.

If you think you would be needing accommodations due to any reasons, please contact the appropriate department to request accommodations.

Plagiarism is highly prohibited. Please ensure you are citing your sources correctly using APA 7th edition. All assignments including discussion posts should be formatted in APA with the appropriate spacing, font, margin, and indents. Any papers not well formatted would be returned back to you, hence, I advise you review APA formatting style. I have attached a sample paper in APA format and will also post sample discussion responses in subsequent announcements.

Your initial discussion post should be a minimum of 200 words and response posts should be a minimum of 150 words. Be advised that I grade based on quality and not necessarily the number of words you post. A minimum of TWO references should be used for your initial post. For your response post, you do not need references as personal experiences would count as response posts. If you however cite anything from the literature for your response post, it is required that you cite your reference. You should include a minimum of THREE references for papers in this course. Please note that references should be no more than 5 years old except recommended as a resource for the class. Furthermore, for each discussion board question, you need ONE initial substantive response and TWO substantive responses to either your classmates or your instructor for a total of THREE responses. There are TWO discussion questions each week, hence, you need a total minimum of SIX discussion posts for each week. I usually post a discussion question each week. You could also respond to these as it would count towards your required SIX discussion posts for the week.

I understand this is a lot of information to cover in 5 weeks, however, the Bible says in Philippians 4:13 that we can do all things through Christ that strengthens us. Even in times like this, we are encouraged by God’s word that we have that ability in us to succeed with His strength. I pray that each and every one of you receives strength for this course and life generally as we navigate through this pandemic that is shaking our world today. Relax and enjoy the course!

Hi Class,

Please read through the following information on writing a Discussion question response and participation posts.

Contact me if you have any questions.

Important information on Writing a Discussion Question

Your response needs to be a minimum of 150 words (not including your list of references)
There needs to be at least TWO references with ONE being a peer reviewed professional journal article.
Include in-text citations in your response
Do not include quotes—instead summarize and paraphrase the information
Follow APA-7th edition
Points will be deducted if the above is not followed

Participation –replies to your classmates or instructor

A minimum of 6 responses per week, on at least 3 days of the week.
Each response needs at least ONE reference with citations—best if it is a peer reviewed journal article
Each response needs to be at least 75 words in length (does not include your list of references)
Responses need to be substantive by bringing information to the discussion or further enhance the discussion. Responses of “I agree” or “great post” does not count for the word count.
Follow APA 7th edition
Points will be deducted if the above is not followed
Remember to use and follow APA-7th edition for all weekly assignments, discussion questions, and participation points.
Here are some helpful links
Student paper example
Citing Sources
The Writing Center is a great resource